Mafunso a 9 oti mufunse dokotala ngati ndinu Wakuda, Wachimwenye, kapena munthu wakuda
Maphunziro a ZaumoyoKupita kwa dokotala atha kukhala okhumudwitsa aliyense-makamaka ngati mwakhala mukuzengereza kwakanthawi kapena mukudwala zomwe mukudandaula. Ngati ndinu Wakuda, Wachimwenye, kapena munthu wamtundu (BIPOC), mungakhale ndi nkhawa pang'ono kuti kusankhana mitundu kumatha kuchititsa kuti nkhawa zanu zisamveke. Pali kusiyana pakati pa mafuko ndi mafuko pankhani yazaumoyo-pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, zotsatira zaumoyo ndizoyipa kuposa za azungu odwala.
Munthu aliyense amene amachita nawo zaumoyo, mosatengera zakulidwe kake, ayenera kumva kukhala wololera komanso kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana ndikukambirana zaumoyo wawo, akutero Melissa Simon , MD, director of the Institute for Public Health and Medicine - Center for Health Equity Transformation ku Feinberg School of Medicine ku Northwestern University. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti BIPOC sakhulupilira kwambiri pazifukwa zomveka atakhala akuzunzidwa kwazaka zambiri kuchipatala.
Kulankhulana momasuka kumathandizira kuti anthu azikudaliraninso, ndipo zimayamba ndi odwala kumva kuti ali ndi mphamvu zofunsa mafunso — ndi kulandira mayankho oganiza bwino — za thanzi lawo. Ubale wolimba ndi wopereka chisamaliro choyambirira ndiye maziko omvetsetsa zovuta zazing'ono ndikuchepetsa mantha.
Mafunso a 9 oti mufunse dokotala ngati ndinu Wakuda, Wachimwenye, kapena munthu wakuda
Ngakhale pali zosiyanasiyana mafunso ambiri zomwe ndizofunikira kuti odwala onse aziphimba ndi dokotala wawo, palinso zinthu zina Zakuda, Zachikhalidwe, komanso anthu amtundu ayenera kufunsa kuti awonetsetse kuti nkhawa zawo sizinyalanyazidwa kapena kusalidwa pambali.
1. Kodi ufulu wanga monga wodwala ndi uti?
Pali maufulu okhazikika okhazikika omwe chipatala, chipatala, ndi bungwe lililonse lomwe limapereka chithandizo chamankhwala lili nawo, nthawi zambiri ngati kapepala, Dr. Simon akutero. Osakhala ochepa amalandila chisamaliro chapamwamba kuposa akuda, Amwenye, anthu akuda-ngakhale pomwe zinthu zofikira monga inshuwaransi ndi ndalama zikuwongoleredwa.
Kufunsira chikalatachi kungakuthandizeni kuzindikira ngati mukulandira mankhwala enaake. Ngati mukuwona kuti ngati wodwala kapena wosamalira, zosowa zanu sizikukwaniritsidwa kapena kumvedwa, ndiye mutha kunena izi mwachindunji kwa omwe amakupatsani inu zaumoyo. Kapenanso, chitha kukhala chifukwa chabwino chosankhira dokotala wina-kaya kumalo amenewo kapena kwina kulikonse.
2. Chifukwa chiyani mukufuna kuyesa?
Opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amaphunzitsidwa kuti akhale ndi mndandanda wazidziwitso zakusiyana kapena zomwe zingayambitse matenda anu, Dr. Simon akufotokoza. Chilichonse chomwe chili pamndandanda wazomwe zitha kukhalapo chimakhala ndi njira zingapo, monga kuyesa magazi kapena kujambula kuti zitsimikizire matenda ena ake. Opereka chithandizo chamankhwala samangodutsa pamndandanda wonse-komanso chifukwa chomwe amayitanitsa mayeso ena-nthawi zambiri chifukwa amangokhala ndi mphindi 15 mpaka 30 zomwe zapatsidwa kwa wodwala aliyense. Kapenanso, akuvutika ndi zovuta kufotokozera izi.
Chifukwa chokondera komanso kusankhana mitundu kwa othandizira azaumoyo komanso machitidwe azaumoyo kuphatikiza kukayikira kwa odwala ena (makamaka chifukwa cha nkhanza zakale zaumoyo ndi machitidwe azachipatala komanso zokumana nazo za tsankho ndi tsankho), odwala amtundu ayenera kumverera kuti apatsidwa mphamvu ndikumverera Dr. Simon kufunsa mafunso awa, a Dr. Simon akutero. Kufunsa mafunso awa kungathandize odwala kumva kuti akumvedwa ndi omwe amawasamalira ndipo mafunso awa amathandiza wodwalayo kumvetsetsa zomwe angakhale nazo komanso chifukwa chiyani.
3. Zotsatira za mayesowa kapena njirazi zitiuza chiyani?
Pali nthawi zambiri pomwe odwala amafunikira kuwongolera ndipo samamvetsetsa kuopsa kwake, maubwino ake, ndi zovuta zina za njira zina, kotero kupyola izi zonse ndi wopereka chithandizo kumatha kuwasiya akumva kulimbikitsidwa, akufotokoza Soma Mandal , MD, wogwira ntchito ku Summit Medical Group ku Berkeley Heights, New Jersey. Simukuyembekezeredwa kuti mudziwe zonse momwe mungakwaniritsire ziwerengero. Wopereka wanu akuyenera kukhala wothandizira wanu komanso wochirikiza.
Dr. Simon akuwonetsa kuti pamene dokotala anena Izi ndi zomwe ndikuganiza kuti zikuchitika, yankho lochokera kwa inu monga wodwala liyenera kukhala Kodi mungandiuzeko china chilichonse chomwe mukuganiza chomwe chingachitike? Ngati mayeso atuluka kuti mulibe ndipo mukuda nkhawa ndi zomwe mukukumana nazo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mupitenso pazinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda anu, malinga ndi Dr. Simon.
4. Mwagwira njirayi kangati?
Kuchita ndondomekoyi kungakhale kovuta, koma kudziwa zomwe dokotala akukumana nazo kungakuthandizeni kuti mukhale omasuka. M'machitidwe ake, a Dr. Mandal ati amawona azimayi ambiri amtundu wazomwe amachita ndipo amawalangiza pazomwe angafunse katswiri asanachite njira zina ndi maopaleshoni. Ndipo zitha kukhala zazing'ono monga, Kodi mwachita izi kangati?
Ili ndi limodzi mwamafunso omwe azimayi achikuda nthawi zambiri samafunsa chifukwa amamva ngati atha kufunidwa kapena otanganidwa, Dr. Mandal akufotokoza. Koma ichi ndichinthu chofunikira kuti aliyense afunse.
Ngati katswiri wanu ndi munthu amene wachitapo kanthu nthawi zoposa 1,000, mudzadziwa kuti ali otsimikiza komanso omasuka pakuchita izi.
5. Kodi ndiyenera kuwunikiranso zina?
Odwala oyera amatha kulandira zowunika zodzitchinjiriza ndi upangiri wokhala ndi moyo wathanzi kudzera pazakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mwachitsanzo, Amwenye Achimereka / Amwenye a ku Alaska ndi ochepa kuposa azungu omwe amawonetsa khansa yoyipa. Pamwamba pa izo, magulu ena ochepa ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ena, monga matenda ashuga. Mitengo pakati pa anthu aku Africa America, Latinx, ndi Achimereka aku America ndiokwera maulendo 2.8 kuposa anthu wamba. Kufikira chithandizo chamankhwala kungakhalenso kochepa mopanda malire kupatsidwa kuchuluka kwa anthu osalimbikitsidwa m'maguluwa.
Pali umboni kuti zinthu zoyipa monga chakudya chopanda thanzi, mowa, ndi fodya zimagulitsidwa kwambiri kwa anthu akuda, Amwenye, amitundu. Kumwa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kubweretsa mavuto azaumoyo kuphatikiza matenda amtima, mavuto a chiwindi, ndi khansa yamapapo. Izi zikaphatikizidwa zingatanthauze kuti mumafunikira mayeso owonjezera kapena oyeserera munyama yanu yapachaka kuti mupeze zovuta zilizonse koyambirira, pomwe zimatha kuchiritsidwa. Ngati mulibe inshuwaransi yazaumoyo, mutha kupeza zipatala zaulere mdera lanu Pano .
6. Ndingatani kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo changa cha COVID-19?
Coronavirus yakhudza kwambiri anthu akuda, Amwenye, anthu amtundu. Amitundu ndi mafuko ochepa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala ndikufa ndi buku la coronavirus, malinga ndi Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC). Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo-kuyambira kusankhana mpaka kusakhulupirira zaumoyo. Kukambirana momasuka ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo kungathandize kuchepetsa mantha ena ndikuchepetsa mwayi wanu wopatsirana.
Pali anthu ambiri omwe sakufuna kuyesa, ndiye pofunsa mafunso ndikumvetsetsa chifukwa chake kuyezetsa uku kukuchitika, chifukwa chiyani masks ndiofunika, momwe kachilomboka kamafalitsira, ndi zina zambiri, mutha kumvetsetsa kuti zikuchitika Pofuna kukupatsani chisamaliro chabwino koposa, Dr. Simon akutero.
7. Kodi mungapemphe lingaliro lina?
Ili ndi funso lomwe mungabweretse kwa omwe amakupatsani chithandizo chofunikira mukapeza kuti dokotala wamuzindikira. Lingaliro lachiwiri lingathandize kutsimikizira zomwe dokotala woyamba atha kunena ndikukubweretserani mtendere wamumtima kuti mapulani ake ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Ngati ndi njira yayitali kwambiri kapena matendawa ndi oopsa, monga kuphatikizira olowa m'malo, kapena vuto lomwe siliwopseza moyo lomwe lingafune kuchitidwa opareshoni, nthawi zonse ndimalimbikitsa kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri kuti ndibwezeretse lingaliro loyambalo, a Dr. Mandal akuti.
Njira zina zidachitidwa kwambiri kwa akuda, Amwenye, anthu akuda. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi ma hysterectomies osafunikira, omwe atha kubwera ndi chiopsezo chodwala mkodzo mukamakalamba ndikukhala ziwerengero zidachitidwa kwambiri mwa akazi akuda . Zigawo za Kaisara zakhala zikugwiridwa kwambiri mwa akazi akuda ngakhale atakhala kuti sizofunikira pachipatala, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2017 .
Nthawi zina, chisamaliro chimakhala chochepa. Ndondomeko monga m'malo olowa m'malo amachitidwa kwenikweni kwa odwala akuda ocheperako kuposa azungu, ndipo odwala akuda nawonso sangalandire catheterization yamtima ngakhale kuchuluka kwa matenda amtima ndikokwera. Anthu aku Asia aku America ndi ocheperako kuposa azungu omwe amalandila chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala. M'mikhalidwe iyi, ndikhala pansi ndi odwala anga ndikuwaphunzitsa za chifukwa chake (njira inayake) singakhale yofunikira komanso njira zina zomwe zingapezeke zomwe sanapatsidwe, Dr. Mandal akufotokoza.
8. Kodi tingakonzekere ulendo wina?
Ngati simukugwirizana ndi zomwe mukumvazo ndipo mulibe nthawi yokwanira paulendo wanu, muyenera kufunsa kuti mupange msonkhano wina kuti mupitilize zokambirana.
Odwala oyera nthawi zambiri amafunsanso mafunso ena ndikupempha zambiri, malinga ndi Dr. Simon, pomwe odwala a BIPOC amakonda kumva kuti sanamveke kapena samamvedwa m'malo azachipatala. Chikhalidwe cha zachuma chimathandizanso kwambiri pakuwona momwe munthu amafunsira mafunso kwa omwe amawapatsa. Ndikofunikira kwa zonse odwala kuti afunsenso ulendo wina ngati sakumva ngati pali lingaliro lenileni pazomwe akumva, akutero.
Muthanso kufunsa adotolo kuti akuuzeni zambiri kapena zida zina kuti muziwerengere nokha kuti muphunzire zambiri za momwe mungakhalire musanabwererenso kudzakambirana mafunso ndi nkhawa zanu zowonjezera.
9. Ndi zida ziti zina zodwala zomwe zimapezeka kwa ine?
Malo azachipatala ambiri, zipatala, ndi zipatala zili ndi dipatimenti yothandizira odwala komwe mungalankhule ndikuyesera kuthetsa zovuta zina, kapena kufunsa lingaliro lina kuchokera kwa omwe angakuthandizeni. Zipatala zina zilinso ndi malo ophunzirira azaumoyo, ofanana ndi malo owerengera, komwe ogwira ntchito angakuthandizeni kupeza zambiri zakukhudzidwa kwanu kapena matenda anu ndikuthandizani kuti muzitha kulankhulana bwino ndi omwe amakuthandizani.
Kuphatikiza apo, zipatala zonse, zipatala, ndi zipatala ali ndi mtundu wina wothandizira pantchito zachuma kapena ntchito. BIPOC ili ndi mwayi wochepa wopeza chithandizo chamankhwala kuposa azungu - mitengo ya inshuwaransi kapena inshuwaransi yayikulu ndiyokwera. Ngati mungalandire ndalama kuchipatala, mumakhala ndi nkhawa kuti inshuwaransi yanu siyikwaniritsa chilichonse chomwe mungafune, kapena mulibe inshuwaransi ndipo mukudandaula kuti china chake chikhala chotani, mutha nthawi zambiri lankhulani ndi dipatimenti yothandizira zachuma za izi. Ngati mulibe inshuwaransi, mutha kuyesa kukambirana pamtengo wotsika kapena kuwona ngati pali zinthu zina zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ku bilu yanu yazantchito zomwe mumalandira.
Mfundo yofunika
Kuyankhulana pakati pa wothandizira zaumoyo ndi wodwalayo ndikofunikira kuti apange kudalirana ndi kudalira kuchokera pamalingaliro a wodwalayo kuti omwe amawapatsa amamvetsera, amasamala, komanso amakhudzidwadi.
Kumapeto kwa tsikulo, ndinu akatswiri anu, Dr. Simon akutero. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti muli ndi ufulu womveredwa komanso kuti malingaliro anu ndi ovomerezeka.
