Ndi mtundu uti wa naloxone womwe muyenera kupeza?

Zambiri Zamankhwala

Ndi chiwerengero chodabwitsa: Tsiku lililonse, anthu aku America aku 130 amafa chifukwa cha opioid overdose, malinga ndi Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC). Kuti muwone izi, tsopano mumatha kufa chifukwa cha opioid overdose kuposa ngozi yamagalimoto.

Kodi ma opioid ndi chiyani? Opioids ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amaphatikizapo zinthu zosaloledwa monga heroin ndi mankhwala monga fentanyl ndi oxycodone. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwalawa kwakhala kukuwonjezeka kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, ndi Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ku United States posachedwapa kulengeza mliri wa opioid ngati vuto lazaumoyo wa anthu.

Njira imodzi yomwe akatswiri azachipatala, okonza madera, anthu wamba, anzawo ndi abale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo akuthandizira kuthana ndi imfa zosafunikira ndikunyamula ndikudziwa momwe angapangire naloxone. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mankhwala a Lazaro, naloxone amasintha zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha bongo mopitilira mphindi 30.

Kodi naloxone imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Zomwe zimachitika ndikuti zimapita muubongo komanso mthupi lonse komanso kulikonse komwe kuli opioid atakhala pa cholandilira cha opioid, imachipukusa kuchokera kwa cholandilira, akufotokoza a Ginny Lovitt, director director a Chris Atwood Foundation ndi mphunzitsi wotsitsimutsa wamkulu. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa opioid overdose ndi hypoxia, yomwe imasowa mpweya. Chofunika kwambiri chomwe naloxone amachita ndikubwezeretsa kupuma kwabwinobwino. Chinsinsi chake, ndichakuti, munthu wina pafupi ali ndi mankhwalawa.

Ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi chida chozimitsira moto mnyumba zawo? Moto umapha anthu asanu ndi awiri aku America tsiku lililonse. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo tsopano akupha anthu oposa 150 tsiku lililonse. Ngati tili ndi zozimitsira moto bwanji sitingakhale ndi naloxone? akutero Lovitt.

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti ndixone amapezeka mosavuta - mutha kuchipeza ku malo osungira mankhwala popanda mankhwala ochokera kumayiko ambiri chifukwa cha kuyimirira (chimodzimodzi monga katemera wa chimfine, mwachitsanzo), ndipo imaphimbidwa ndi mapulani ambiri a inshuwaransi.

Komabe, ndimankhwala anayi omwe amapezeka, zitha kukhala zovuta kudziwa kuti ndi iti yomwe ingakwaniritse zosowa zanu. Umu ndi momwe mungapangire naloxone ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa za mawonekedwe ake anayi:

Naloxone jekeseni

Pokhala ndi singano, jakisoni, ndi botolo la mankhwala (makamaka 1mL kapena 10mL, pamlingo umodzi ndi 10, motsatana), naloxone ya jakisoni ndi yomwe Lovitt amachitcha njira yoyesera-yowona monga yakhalira kwazaka zambiri ndipo ndiyo imodzi yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo azachipatala.

Ubwino: Pogwira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi wotsitsimutsa, Lovitt akuti walandila malipoti angapo achikale kuti naloxone ya jakisoni imabweretsanso anthu mwachangu komanso modekha. Tamva kuchokera kwa anthu ambiri kuti jakisoni wa mu mnofu umatulutsa pang'ono pang'ono, akuti.

Kuipa: Kwa singano-phobic, naloxone ya jakisoni mwina si njira yabwino kwambiri. Choipa china sichikupezeka m'masitolo ambiri-muyenera kuzipeza kudzera mu pulogalamu yophunzitsira anthu. (Izi zati, naloxone ya jakisoni imaperekedwa kwaulere ndi mabungwe awa, chifukwa chake sipayenera kukhala mtengo wakuthumba kwa inu.)

Naloxone autoinjector

Njira ina yopangira jakisoni, autoinjector (dzina loti Enzio) imatenga zina mwa kuyerekezera popereka mankhwalawa, chifukwa zimayesedwa kale ndikukhazikitsidwa kale mu chida chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Ubwino: Kuphatikiza pa kusasokoneza syringe pakagwa vuto ladzidzidzi, autoinjector amabwera ali ndi malangizo omveka omwe amakupangitsani kuyenda. Ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, atero a Lovitt.

Kuipa: Popanda inshuwaransi, autoinjector ali ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri: mozungulira $ 4,000 paketi yamiyeso iwiri. Komabe, wopanga Kleo adalengeza, mu Disembala 2018, kuti ivomereze mtundu wa generic kuti ugulitsidwe pamtengo wokwanira $ 178 pa kit. Ndipo ngakhale kufufuza yawonetsa kuti Enzio itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chimodzi chatha tsiku lake lotha ntchito, Lovitt akuchenjeza kuti batire lomwe limayendetsa autoinjector silingakhale litadutsa tsiku lomaliza.

Naloxone yokhala ndi atomizer yammphuno

Nasal naloxone ili ndi syringe yokhazikika, atomizer, ndi vial. Sichikondedwa kwenikweni, komabe, poyambitsa mankhwala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito Narcan nasal spray (onani pansipa).

Ubwino: Ngakhale syringe-and-vial system ikufanana ndi naloxone ya jakisoni, simudzafunika kuthana ndi singano zilizonse popeza zimasinthidwa pano ndi atomizer yammphuno yomwe imafalitsa mankhwalawo mu utsi.

Kuipa: Ndi zida zake zambiri, nasx naloxone wakhala mankhwala ovuta kutulutsa, atero a Lovitt. Tsoka ilo zidutswazo zinagulitsidwa padera, choncho mukamapita kukatenga mankhwalawo mumayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mukupeza zidutswa zitatu zonsezi, akufotokoza. Panali zochitika pomwe anthu amalandira mankhwala koma samalandira atomizer wammphuno nawo. Zotsatira zake, ma pharmacies angapo asiya kunyamula kwathunthu izi.

Mphuno ya Narcan

Mu 2015, a FDA adasanthula mwachangu kuvomerezedwa ndi Narcan, mankhwala oyamba amphongo naloxone omwe amavomerezedwa ndi bungweli poyesa kuthetsa mliri womwe ukukula wa opioid.

Ubwino : Narcan, ndi muyeso wake woyesedweratu ndi ma CD omwe adasonkhanitsidwa kale, ndiyo njira yosavuta kuyiyika. Ndizovuta kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho, atero a Lovitt. Pamodzi ndi autoinjector, ndiyonso njira yanzeru kwambiri kunyamula thumba kapena chikwama.

Kuipa: Popanda inshuwaransi, Zamgululi Ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa mnzake wosavomerezeka wa nasal naloxone mnzake (pafupifupi $ 150 mlingo poyerekeza ndi $ 50 pamlingo).