Waukulu >> Maphunziro A Zaumoyo >> Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito ma opioid ngati zothandizira kugona

Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito ma opioid ngati zothandizira kugona

Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito ma opioid ngati zothandizira kugonaMaphunziro a Zaumoyo

Mawu morphine lachokera kwa Morpheus, mulungu wamaloto wachi Greek. Ngati mwakhala mukumva ululu ngati morphine , mukudziwa kuti zotsatira zoyipa ndikutopa. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito morphine-kapena opioid iliyonse-kukuthandizani kugona ndi kowopsa kwambiri. Ndipo komabe anthu ambiri akuchita izi. M'malo mwake, a kafukufuku waposachedwa awulula kutimadokotala awona odwala akugwiritsa ntchito ma opioid kuwathandiza kugona tulo pamene kuwawa kwakukulu kumawasunga, kapena chifukwa cha kusowa tulo. Ndipo odwala ambiri sazindikira kuipa kwa chizolowezichi.





Opioids ndi zothandizira kugona ndi mitundu iwiri yamankhwala: Opioids ndimankhwala osokoneza bongo amphamvu pomwe zothandizira kugona ndizopanda tanthauzo komanso zamatsenga, zimawathandiza kugona mokwanira. Mitundu iwiri yamankhwalayi imapangidwira zolinga ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri - ndipo simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi m'malo mwa inayo.



Zomwe zimawerengedwa ngati ma opioid kapena zothandizira kugona?

Gulu la mankhwala otchedwa opioid limaphatikizapo mankhwala opha ululu monga oxychodone ( OxyContin ), hydrocodone ( Vicodin ndipo Percocet ), ndi codeine , komanso ma opioid opanga monga fentanyl ndi heroin osavomerezeka.

Zothandizira pogona nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo zolpidem tartrate ( Zambiri , Zambiri za CR ), flurazepam hydrochloride (Dalmane), chochita ( Halcion ), kutchfun ( Lunesta ), ndi aliraza (Prosom).

Chifukwa chiyani simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma opioid ngati zothandizira kugona?

Zachidziwikire kuti ma opioid amatha kukupangitsani kugona, koma sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chogona, atero a Wilson Compton, MD, wachiwiri kwa director of the National Institute on Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ku Rockville, Maryland. Sakhala otetezeka, ndi kuthekera kwawo pakumwa zosokoneza bongo ndi zovuta zina. Amangokhala owawa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina, kupweteka kosatha.



Ngakhale ma opioid atha kukuthandizani kuti mugone, samakuthandizani kuti mugone bwino. Opioids amachepetsa kuchepa kwa REM komanso kugona pang'onopang'ono komwe kumafunika kuti munthu apumule, atsegule tulo, akufotokoza a Yili Huang, DO, director of the Pain Management Center ku Chipatala cha Northwell Phelps ku Sleepy Hollow, New York.

Opioids ndi kugona tulo

Kuphatikiza apo, pakati pa 7% mpaka 20% aku America sanazindikire kuti munthu ali ndi vuto la kugona, Dr. Huang akuti, ndipo kwa anthuwa, ma opioid atha kusokoneza kupuma kwawo ali mtulo, zomwe zingaike moyo wawo pangozi. A kuphunzira pang'ono adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa opioid, kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa magawo obanika kutulo. Kafukufuku wina idawonetsa kuti kukhathamiritsa kwa okosijeni kwathira mwamphamvu patangotha ​​mphindi 15 mutatenga opioid pakati pausiku. Kutanthauza, ma opioid amatha kupsinjika kupuma kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma tulo, ndikuwonjezera ngozi zakufa.

Dr. Compton akuwonjezera kuti ngati mukumwa kale ma opioid othandizira kupweteka ndikuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwanu usiku kuti akuthandizeni kugona, mukukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.



Bwanji ngati ndikumva kuwawa ndipo sindingathe kugona?

Kupweteka kwambiri kumatha kukhala ndi magwero ambiri, kaya ndi opareshoni, chithandizo cha khansa, matenda osachiritsika opweteka, kapena ngozi yapathupi. Koma muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati mukumva kuwawa koopsa ndipo simukugona chifukwa cha izi?

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zina zotetezeka, Dr. Huang akuvomereza kaye. Onetsetsani zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka ndi chithandizo cholongosoka komwe kumachokera. Ngati ndi kusowa tulo kwakanthawi pamodzi ndi ululu wamitsempha, mankhwala ena opweteka amitsempha amatha kuthana ndi ululu komanso kupangitsa kugona, ndipo atha kukhala othandiza. Gabapentin [mankhwala omwe dokotala mumakonda kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amathandiza kuchepetsa ululu wamitsempha chifukwa cha kulumikizana ndi achikulire mwa akulu)Ndi mankhwala amodzi. Koma palibe chipolopolo chamatsenga-mankhwala onse amakhala ndi zovuta.

Ndipo zomwe simukufuna kuchita, a Dr. Huang akuti, ndikupitiliza kumwa ma opioid anu mukamamwa zothandizira kapena tulo monga Ambien, Xanax, kapena Valium . Kuphatikizana kumeneku kumawonjezera mwayi wopumira (hypoventilation). Kuphatikiza ma opioid ndi zilizonse Mankhwala ena ogonetsa tulo — kuphatikizapo mowa — amayambitsa chiopsezo chomwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo ngakhale imfa, Dr. Compton ananena.



Ngati mukuvutika kugona, mutha kuyambiranso mayankho omwe samakhudzana ndi mankhwala akuchipatala, akutero Dr. Laura Fanucchi, pulofesa wothandizana naye wazamankhwala ku Yunivesite ya Kentucky komanso katswiri wazovuta za opioid. Njira izi zikuphatikiza kusintha kwamakhalidwe monga:

  • Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
  • Kupititsa patsogolo ukhondo wa kugona mwa kusadya mochedwa
  • Kupewa zotsekemera monga caffeine ndi nikotini
  • Kuletsa zowonera zamagetsi (monga mafoni, mapiritsi, ma TV, ndi ma PC oyang'anira) asanagone

Chifukwa chiyani ngati ndikudalira kale ma opioid kuti ndigone?

Ngati mwakhala kale ndi chizolowezi chomwa ma opioid pazifukwa zina osati zomwe mukuuzidwa, muyenera kuwona dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo, a Dr. Fanucchi amalimbikitsa, m'malo moyesera kupita kuzizira kozizira. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma opioid tsiku ndi tsiku kumatha kuyambitsa kudalira kwakanthawi kenako ndikusiya ngati ma opioid atayimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, akutero.



Dr. Huang akuvomereza, Gwiritsani ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupeze njira yabwino yolimbitsira thupi lanu. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito izi kungogona, mwina mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa molakwika ndipo muyenera kuganizira zakuwona dokotala wazakumwa. Muyenera kukawona katswiri wothandizira kupweteka kuti athetse gwero la zowawa, chifukwa mapiritsiwa atha kungobisa vutoli.