Kodi asayansi amatani? Zinthu 8 zomwe simumadziwa za mankhwala

Kampani

Ngakhale simutenga mankhwala akuchipatala, mwayi wanu mwapindula ndi ukatswiri wazamankhwala mwanjira ina, mawonekedwe, kapena mawonekedwe. Mwinanso wazamankhwala adakuthandizani kusankha mankhwala ochepetsera ana anu? Mwinamwake wina anakukumbutsani kuti inali nthawi yoti chiwombankhanga chanu chiwonongeke? Kapena, mwina adakulangizani pewani kumwa mowa ndi Benadryl ameneyo wagula kumene? Mulimonsemo, wamankhwala wanu ndi wofunikira kwambiri pagulu lanu lazachipatala.

Polemekeza Mwezi Wa Amisiri Achimereka Achimereka ndipo zopereka zonse zomwe asayansi amapanga pantchito zaumoyo, tapanga mndandanda wazinthu zisanu ndi zitatu zosangalatsa zomwe (mwina) simunadziwe zamankhwala.

1. Madokotala ndi madotolo.

Mwina simukutchula wamankhwala wanu ngati dokotala. M'malo mwake, mukakumana ndi azamankhwala ku apothecary kwanuko, atha kudzidziwitsa dzina lawo. Komabe, alidi madokotala. Pofika chaka cha 2004, dokotala wa digiri ya zamankhwala (Pharm.D.) Akuyenera kukhala pa Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse wa Mabungwe a Pharmacy mayeso. Ndipo kupitilira mayeso omwe akuyenera kuyenera kugwira ntchito ngati wamankhwala ndikupereka mankhwala ku United States. Wokhayo ndiye wamankhwala yemwe adapeza chiphaso ku sukulu ya zamankhwala chaka cha 2004 chisanafike, pomwe digiri ya bachelor mu maphunziro a zamankhwala idalandiridwanso (komabe, ngakhale nthawi imeneyo asayansi ambiri amasankha njira ya Pharm.D. Mulimonsemo).

2. Amankhwala ambiri ndi azimayi

Ambiri ochepa, koma ambiri komabe. Malinga ndi lipoti lofalitsidwa ndi Zambiri USA , 56.8% asayansi ku United States ndi akazi . Izi zikuwonjezera mpaka azimayi 167,000 omwe amagwira ntchito yamankhwala, poyerekeza ndi amuna 127,000. Avereji ya msinkhu wazimayi wazamankhwala ndi 39.9; kwa amuna ndi 44.4.

3. Asayansi amapereka katemera.

Pasanathe zaka 25 zapitazo, ndi mayiko asanu ndi anayi okha omwe adalola asayansi kuti adziteteze. Masiku ano, mayiko onse 50 (limodzi ndi Washington, D.C., ndi Puerto Rico) amalola izi, kupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta komanso kosavuta kuti anthu azikhala ndi chidziwitso chamankhwala ofunikira ngati Katemera wa chimfine . Osatsimikiza za malamulo aboma lanu? Mamapu awa ochokera ku American Pharmacists Association aphwanye zonse chifukwa cha iwe.

4. Madokotala ali paliponse.

Pomwe kupezeka kwa madotolo oyambira ndi akatswiri nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kwa anthu okhala madera akumidzi , anthu omwewa atha kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza mankhwala pafupi. Izi ndichifukwa choti 91% ya aku America amakhala mtunda wosakwana 5 miles mankhwala ammudzi , Mgwirizano Wapadziko Lonse Wogulitsa Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo malipoti. Ndipo ngati uli m'gulu la magawo asanu ndi anayi pa zana? Inu komabe kukhala ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kudzera pamakalata kapena ma pharmacies apaintaneti.

ZOKHUDZA: Kumanani ndi asing'anga omwe adalandira Mphotho Zabwino Kwambiri za SingleCare

5. Madokotala amagwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Wosunga mankhwala amatha kuchita zambiri kuposa kugwira ntchito kumbuyo kwa kauntala ku shopu yogulitsa. Ena amaphunzitsa m'mapulogalamu oyunivesite. Ena amagwira ntchito m'masitolo ogulitsa zipatala, kuthandiza madokotala kuzindikira njira yabwino kwambiri kwa odwala. Ena amagwira ntchito kwa opanga makampani opanga mankhwala, komwe amagwiritsa ntchito maluso awo komanso chidziwitso chawo kuthandiza kupanga mankhwala atsopano, kukonza, ndikuwongolera mankhwala. Mabungwe aboma amakonda Ma National Institutes of Health (NIH) ndi Chakudya ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo (FDA) amagwiritsa ntchito akatswiri azamankhwala, monganso makampani a inshuwaransi yazaumoyo ndi mabungwe oyang'anira. (Ku SingleCare, tili ndi wamankhwala athu, Ramzi Yacoub, yemwe ndi katswiri wathu wazamankhwala azamankhwala.)

Asayansi amathanso kugwira ntchito ngati akatswiri azamisili kapena othandizira nthawi zonse m'malo operekera chisamaliro chowonjezera, malo olowerera anthu, komanso madera ena osiyanasiyana azachipatala. Zilibe kanthu komwe wamankhwala amasankha kugwira ntchito, komabe, ayenera kulipidwa bwino chifukwa cha ukatswiri wawo. Malinga ndi Bureau of Labor Statistics , malipiro apakatikati a zamankhwala ndi pafupifupi $ 126,000 pachaka.

6. Madokotala amakhazikika.

Monga madotolo azachipatala, asayansi amatha kukhala odziwika ngati akatswiri pazinthu zina. Board of Pharmacy Specialties imapereka chitsimikizo cha board mu Zapadera za 11 muzochita zamankhwala: chisamaliro cha ambulansi, matenda amtima, kukonzekera kosawoneka bwino, chisamaliro chapadera, matenda opatsirana, mankhwala opangira zida za nyukiliya, chithandizo cha zakudya, oncology, pharmacotherapy, mankhwala opatsirana amisala, komanso kupatsirana ziwalo zolimba. Pulogalamu ya American College of Clinical Pharmacy ndi mabungwe ena amaperekanso mapulogalamu a certification.

Katswiri imalola wamankhwala kutenga nawo mbali kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha odwala - makamaka chisamaliro cha odwala omwe ali ndi zosowa zovuta zamankhwala - zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa zotsatira za odwala. Kupambana!

7. Madokotala amapereka chithandizo cha kasamalidwe ka mankhwala.

Odwala amatha kupsinjika ndi njira zawo zamankhwala. Kodi ndimamwa liti mankhwalawa? Kodi kulumikizana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatheka? Zotsatira zake ndi ziti? Kodi ndiyeneradi kukhala pamtunduwu? Kodi malamulowa ndi abwino kwa ine? Thandizeni! MTM ndi ntchito yapadera yazaumoyo yothandizira kuyankha mafunso awa ndi ena ambiri.

Malinga ndi Malo Otetezera Matenda , MTM imaphatikizapo zinthu zisanu zoyambira:

1. kuwunikiranso mankhwala
2. mbiri ya mankhwala anu
3. ndondomeko yothandizira yokhudzana ndi mankhwala
4. kulowerera ndi kutumiza
5. zolemba / kutsatira

Nthawi zambiri, MTM imaperekedwa ndi akatswiri azamankhwala am'madera ndipo imathandiza makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika, ma protocol ovuta, komanso mitengo yayikulu yamankhwala omwe ali ndi omwe amapereka kwa anthu angapo.

Ndipo pamapeto pake, kuti tisangalale ...

8. Asayansi amapanga zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi.

Inde, ndi zoona. Coca-Cola, Dr. Pepper, ndi ginger ale wa Vernon zonse zidapangidwa ndi asayansi. Coke idapangidwa mu 1866 ndi wamankhwala John Stith Pemberton, yemwe adayamba kugulitsa yomwe pambuyo pake idzakhala imodzi mwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi zogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi kumsika wake ku Atlanta masenti asanu pagalasi. Ginger Ale wa Vernor anapangidwa chaka chomwecho ndi katswiri wazamankhwala James Vernor ku Detroit, Michigan. Wasayansi Charles Alderton waku Waco, Texas, adabweretsa Dr. Pepper adafika powonekera mu 1885. Ndani adadziwa?