Adderall: Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala osokoneza bongo pamasukulu aku koleji kumakula
Zambiri ZamankhwalaAdderall ndi Ritalin ndi mayina apanyumba, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka ngati mankhwala opanda vuto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD kapena ADD). Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza vutoli, iwo ali , ndipo kwenikweni kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo . Koma kuchuluka kwawo m'masukulu aku koleji, komanso kutchuka kuti zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito, kumawapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo - zomwe ena akuti zikufika pachimake.
Kumvetsetsa momwe mankhwala monga Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta (ndi ma methylphenidates kapena amphetamines) amawononga miyoyo ya achichepere ndizovuta kulowa.
Zolimbikitsa-magwiridwe antchito
Malinga ndi kafukufuku lofalitsidwa mu Zolemba za Matenda Owonjezera , pali malo ogulitsira ambiri omwe amafotokoza zabodza zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osalimbikitsa popanda kupanga mankhwala popanga malingaliro okopa othandizira maubongo kwa achinyamata, akatswiri achichepere, ndi ophunzira. Anyamata ndi atsikana awa — omwe nthawi zambiri amalimbana ndi mayeso omaliza komanso zina zomwe zimakakamiza kwambiri ophunzira awo - adadzazidwa ndi mitu yankhani ndi mphekesera zofotokozera mankhwala anzeru ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mwanzeru kuchokera kwa abwenzi, malo ochezera pa intaneti, ndi malo azofalitsa.
Kumwa mapiritsi kuti mugwire bwino, kumakhoza bwino kuntchito, kapena kuti mukhale oyenerera ndi njira yabwino yothetsera mavuto omwe ambiri a ife timakumana nawo. Imaletsa zilembo zabwinobwino zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ndili ku koleji, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti aone. Tsopano, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Dr. Anjan Chatterjee, wapampando wamaubongo ku University of Pennsylvania, akunena izi koyambirira kwa zolemba zoyambirira za Netflix Tengani Mapiritsi Anu -Amene amalankhula za nkhanza zochokera ku mankhwala pakoleji.
Pamene tinkajambula kanemayo, anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Adderall, Ritalin, mankhwalawa pafupipafupi-ndinadabwa kuti ndi achichepere angati, 'Ndiye mukugwira kanemayu - kodi ikugwiradi ntchito?' Tengani Mapiritsi Anu wotsogolera Alison Klayman adauza NPR . Ndipo chodabwitsa ndichakuti chimodzi mwazotsatira za Adderall-ndiye kuti, mukudziwa, amphetamine, amphetamine wosakanikirana-ndikuti zimakupangitsani kumva kuti mukuchita bwino. Koma lingaliro loti awa ndi 'mapiritsi anzeru' kapena kuti ndiopititsa patsogolo kuzindikira ndizolakwika pang'ono.
Ndipo ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo molakwika likhale vuto lowopsa. Khalidwe limeneli likufala kwambiri. Malinga ndi a kuphunzira lofalitsidwa mu American Journal of Psychiatry ndi deta yomwe yatengedwa kuchokera ku Kafukufuku Wadziko Lonse wa 2015 ndi 2016 Wogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ndi Zaumoyo, anthu aku America okwana 5 miliyoni akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosaloledwa, ambiri akufuna kuwonjezera chidwi chawo komanso kulimba mtima. A kuphunzira lofalitsidwa mu Zolemba pa American College Health anapeza kuti 17 peresenti ya amuna 179 omwe anafunsidwa ndipo 11 peresenti ya akazi 202 anena kuti akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osalimbikitsa. Ophunzira makumi anayi ndi anayi mwa ophunzira omwe adafunsidwapo adanena kuti amadziwa ophunzira omwe amagwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala olimbikitsa pazifukwa zamaphunziro komanso zosangalatsa.
Kodi kusokoneza bongo kumapangitsa chiyani?
Bungwe la World Health Organisation limatanthauzira kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pazinthu zosagwirizana ndi malamulo kapena malangizo azachipatala.
Kutanthauzira kotere kwa kugwiritsira ntchito molakwika kumakhudza anyamata ndi atsikana akutembenukira ku Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, kapena mankhwala ena opatsa mphamvu kuti awathandize kuyang'ana, kukhala maso nthawi yayitali, ndikuchita bwino. Ndipo ngakhale amawona zolinga zawo kukhala zabwino, zomwe mwina sangazindikire akamamwa mapiritsi kuchokera kwa bwenzi kapena kufunafuna mankhwala omwe adalandira ndikuti phindu lomwe lingakhalepo chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsa mphamvu popititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndi ochepa kuposa momwe ambiri amazindikira.
Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala
Kafukufuku ikuwonetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe sali kuwatenga kuti akalandire chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magawo ocheperako kuposa osagwiritsa ntchito. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti ophunzira opambana pamaphunziro sangagwiritse ntchito mankhwala opatsirana mosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osalimbikitsa osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ali ndi mwayi wambiri kuposa ophunzira ena kuti amamwe mowa mwauchidakwa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Kuphatikiza apo, kumwa mankhwalawa kumatha kukhala kovulaza, osati koyipa kokha. Mabotolo onse a Adderall amabwera ndi ma fayilo a chenjezo lakuda kuchokera ku FDA-yomwe ndi yochenjeza kwambiri yomwe FDA imayika pamankhwala. A FDA adazindikira kuti chenjezo ndilofunikira chifukwa cha zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala azitha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima kwa ogwiritsa ntchito komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kukweza chiwopsezo cha matenda am'mimba, matenda amtima, ndi / kapena stroke. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kukalamba kwa mtima. Amadza ndi chiopsezo kuti ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukhala osokoneza bongo kapena kuthupi kapena kudalira mankhwalawo. Zotsatira zina za Adderall zimaphatikizapo kusowa tulo, kusakhudzidwa, kukwiya, komanso kusintha umunthu.
Koma ngakhale pali zovuta zoyipa, mankhwala opatsa mphamvu ndizotchuka kuposa kale. ADHD imadziwika kwambiri, ndipo mankhwala opatsirana ndi mankhwala oyamba. Tsopano zavomerezedwa kuti ADHD ikupitilira kukhala munthu wamkulu, kotero achinyamata ambiri amapita ku koleji ndi mankhwala - ndikupanga mwayi wawukulu kwa iwo omwe alibe mankhwala kuti alandire mankhwalawo, ndikupangitsa kuti anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito moyenera mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito ADHD Onjezani. Malinga ndi National Institute on Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo , Akuluakulu 16 miliyoni aku US akumwa mankhwala opatsa mphamvu.
Pofuna kuchepetsa kupezeka kwa Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, ndi zina zotonthoza, akatswiri ambiri azachipatala komanso asing'anga ambiri akulimbikitsidwa ndi kafukufuku komanso akatswiri pantchitoyo kuti atumizire odwala kwa akatswiri azamisala m'malo moika pachiwopsezo milandu ya ADD ndi ADHD iwowo.
Kukulitsa kuzindikira kwa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Olemba a kuphunzira lofalitsidwa mu Zolemba za Matenda Owonjezera Fotokozaninso za kufunika kodziwitsa anthu ku koleji za zizindikilo, zizindikilo, ndi kuopsa kwa nkhanza zomwe mungalandire. Koma kuti athane ndi mavuto ampikisano omwe amayambitsa nkhanza zambiri za Adderall, kusintha kwachikhalidwe komanso zokambirana momasuka za momwe kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika ndi nkhanza kumawonekera pakati pa mabanja, abwenzi, ndi anzawo.
Masiku ano, makolo ambiri sakudziwa kuti ana awo omwe amapita ku koleji akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsa mphamvu osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kapena, choyipitsitsa, makolo ambiri akuwoneka kuti akuthandizira vutoli mwakungoyang'ana kapena kulimbikitsa machitidwewo, wolemba Dr. Amelia A. Arria analemba mu the kuphunzira . Olimbikitsidwa ndi nkhawa zawo zakukweza maphunziro a mwana wawo, makolo awa atengeka kwambiri ndi zikhulupiriro zabodza… kuti, makamaka, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kungathandize ana awo kuti azikhoza bwino komanso kuti, palibe vuto lililonse. … Makolo ayenera kulimbikitsidwa kukambirana nthano zotchukazi ndi ana awo ndikutsindika kuti kupita kusukulu, kumaliza ntchito zawo munthawi yake, komanso kuchita nawo ntchito zakusukulu pafupipafupi ndi njira yokhayo - ngakhale yovuta komanso yosasangalatsa - njira yopezera maphunziro apamwamba . Fanizo lothandiza komanso loyenera lingatengeke ndi njira zowongolera zolemera. Njira yothandiza kuti zinthu zizikuyenderani bwino kwa nthawi yayitali imaphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kudya nthawi zonse.
Zizindikiro za kuzunzidwa kwa Adderall
Mankhwala akapatsidwa kapena kutengedwa ndi munthu wina aliyense kupatula yemwe adamupatsa, amatchedwa kusokoneza mankhwala. Ndizowopsa, ndipo - mwatsoka - ndizofala kwambiri. Zomwe ambiri sazindikira, ndi mlandu waukulu. Ana omwe ali ndi phanga la ADHD kuti azikakamizidwa ndi anzawo ndikupatsa anzawo mapiritsi, amatha kumangidwa ndikuimbidwa mlandu woipa. Ndipo izi zikhala nawo kwa nthawi yayitali kuwala kwa ma A onse kwa semester kutha. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akhoza kuzunza Adderall, yang'anani zizindikiro izi:
- Kuyankhula zoposa zachilendo, kapena kukhala ndi malingaliro osakwanira
- Wowoneka wokondwa modabwitsa, waukali, wopupuluma kapena wamisala
- Kudya mochepa kuposa masiku onse
- Kutuluka pagulu
- Kuchepetsa ukhondo wamunthu
- Kukhala ndi zovuta zambiri zaubwenzi
- Kugona kwambiri kapena kutopa nthawi zambiri
- Kusowa kalasi kapena ntchito
- Kukulitsa chikhalidwe chobisalira kapena kuwoneka ngati wopenga
- Mukufuna ndalama pafupipafupi kapena kuzidutsa mwachangu
- Kusokonezeka kapena kukumbukira kukumbukira
- Kuchepetsa kwambiri kunenepa
- Kukhazikika kwambiri kapena kugwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso kumabweretsa kufooka
Ngati muli ndi mwana, wachibale, mnzanu, kapena wophunzira yemwe wanena kapena wasonyeza zakuzunza, muyenera kuzilingalira mozama. Lankhulani nawo za 3Rs yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala , amalimbikitsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ndi Mental Health Services Administration ( SAMHSA ). Fotokozani kuti mankhwala opatsa chilimbikitso ndi owopsa - osapindulitsa — ndipo kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala akuchipatala siwotetezedwa kuposa kuyesa mankhwala osavomerezeka. Onetsetsani kuti ndi chisonyezo cha mavuto ena azaumoyo omwe angakhalepo chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena thanzi lam'mutu-zomwe ziyenera kuthandizidwa nthawi zonse ndi akatswiri azaumoyo.
Zotsatira za Adderall ndi kusiya
Anthu ambiri omwe amamwa mankhwalawa kuti athandize ADHD samakumana ndi izi. Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha pambuyo pomwa mankhwala kwa milungu ingapo.
Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za Adderall, malinga ndi Laibulale ya National National of Medicine , monga:
- Mantha
- Mutu
- Zosintha pakuyendetsa kugonana kapena kuthekera
- Kupweteka kwa msambo
- Pakamwa pouma
- Kudzimbidwa
- Kutsekula m'mimba
- Nseru
- Kuvuta kugona
- Kukokomeza ndi / kapena kusintha msanga malingaliro
- Kuda nkhawa
- Kusokonezeka
- Kuchepetsa thupi
- Kuchepetsa chilakolako
Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukumva izi. Zotsatira zina zoyipa za Adderall ndizo:
- Mawu odekha kapena ovuta
- Chizungulire
- Kufooka kapena kufooka kwa mkono kapena mwendo
- Kugwidwa
- Ma motor kapena mawu apakamwa
- Mano akupera
- Matenda okhumudwa
- Kukhulupirira zinthu zomwe sizowona
- Kumva kukayikira ena modabwitsa
- Zoyerekeza
- Mania
- Kukwera kwa magazi
- Kupindika
- Khungu lodziwika ndi kuwala
- Matenda a mkodzo
- Kupweteka m'mimba
- Kulanda
- Kusintha kwa masomphenya kapena kusawona bwino
- Mtundu kapena utoto wabuluu m'manja kapena zala
- Ululu, dzanzi, kutentha kapena kumva kulasalasa m'manja kapena m'mapazi
- Zilonda zosadziwika, monga khungu kapena khungu
- Zizindikiro zosavomerezeka, monga: zidzolo, ming'oma, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa maso, nkhope, lilime kapena mmero, kupuma movutikira kapena kumeza, kuwuma
Ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta izi, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo, kapena pitani kuchipatala mwadzidzidzi. Ili si mndandanda wathunthu wazovuta, funsani zambiri zamankhwala kapena wamankhwala musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse.
Adderall akamazunza, kupitilira nthawi yayitali, kumatha kubweretsa kudalira. Izi zikachitika, pakhoza kukhala zizindikiritso zakutha pakusiya mankhwalawa. Zizindikiro zakutha kwa Adderall, malinga ndi Malo Osokoneza Bongo a ku America , monga:
- Kusowa tulo
- Sinthani kudya
- Kutopa
- Kukwiya / kupumula
- Matenda okhumudwa
- Maganizo amasintha
- Kuda nkhawa
- Maganizo ofuna kudzipha
- Kugwedezeka
- Mutu
- Kulakalaka mankhwala osokoneza bongo
- Kuvuta kulingalira
- Kupanda chidwi
- Kugwidwa
- Kupweteka kwa minofu
- Kuchepetsa thupi
- Kuthamanga kwa mtima
- Mantha
- Masomphenya olakwika
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
Ngati mukukayikira kuti Adderall akuzunzidwa, kapena kuti mwana wanu amadalira Adderall, mungafune kukhazikitsa nthawi yosiya kuyamwa mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala kuti akuthandizeni ndi zizindikilo.
Adderall nkhanza ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Adderall ndi gawo lachiwiri lochititsa chidwi, lomwe limatanthauza kuti lili ndi kuthekera koledzera. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mumayamba kusuta, mudzavutika kusiya kumwa Adderall. Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala ochotsa detox -kuchotsa Adderall mothandizidwa ndi dokotala-ndipo mankhwala ali ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wopambana.
Sindikudziwa kuti ndiyambira pati? Yesani izi Adderall nkhanza ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
