Kodi mankhwalawa ndi ofanana ndi mankhwala odziwika bwino?
Zambiri Zamankhwala Pali zosiyana zazikulu zitatu: Mtengo, zosakaniza zopanda kanthu, komanso mawonekedweDzinalo motsutsana ndi mankhwala achibadwa | Biosimilar vs. mankhwala achibadwa | Nthawi yosankha generic | Nthawi yosankha mtundu
Muli ndi mutu wopweteka kotero kuti mupita kumalo ogulitsira mankhwala kufunafuna mpumulo. Zosankhazo ndizambiri. Kodi mungasankhe generic ya pa-counter ibuprofen , kapena mupite ndi dzina lodziwika bwino lodziwika ngati Advil kapena Motrin? Kodi mungafunse wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti alembetse Lipitor, kapenaatorvastatin ndibwino?Mayina amtunduwu amathandizidwa ndi opanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, opambana omwe ali ndi asayansi olipira bwino. Zogulitsa zawo zimayenera kukhala zapamwamba kuposa zopangira mankhwala ogulitsa mankhwala, sichoncho? Koma mtengo ukukupatsani mwayi. Mayina ena amtunduwu amawononga pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri mtengo wamagetsi. Kodi muyenera kusankha iti?
Malinga ndi Ulamuliro wa Zakudya ndi Mankhwala ku U.S. (FDA), mankhwala achibadwa amapangidwa kuti akhale ofanana ndi mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa kale mu mawonekedwe amtundu, chitetezo, mphamvu, njira yoyendetsera, mtundu, magwiridwe antchito, komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Mankhwala achibadwa amakhala ndi zinthu zofananira monga maina amtundu, motero amakhala ndi maubwino ofanana, zoopsa zake, ndi zotsatirapo zake. Mu 2016, kafukufuku akunena za 90% ya mankhwala olembedwa mdziko muno anali amankhwala amagetsi.
Kodi mankhwala achibadwa amafanana ndi mankhwala odziwika bwino?
Inde, akutero akatswiri. M'malo mwake, m'modzi kuphunzira kuyang'ana anthu opitilira 3,500 adapeza kuti iwo omwe amamwa mankhwala amtundu wa matenda osachiritsika monga matenda ashuga , kuthamanga kwa magazi , ndi kukhumudwa anali ndi zotsatira zofananira zamankhwala poyerekeza ndi omwe adatenga dzina ladzina.
Kutsika mtengo sikutanthauza kutsika kwenikweni, atero a Jawad N. Saleh, Pharm.D., Oyang'anira zamankhwala ku Chipatala cha Opaleshoni Yapadera ku New York City. Mankhwala ochiritsira amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi mayina.
Asanabweretse mankhwala achibadwa kumsika, a FDA amafuna kuti opanga mankhwalawo apereke zomwe zimatchedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (NDI). Mankhwala atsopano akapangidwa, wopanga makinawo ayenera kutsimikizira ku FDA kuti ndiyotetezeka komanso yothandiza, akufotokoza Brittany Riley, Pharm.D. , pulofesa wothandizana ndi zamankhwala ku Marshall University School of Pharmacy ku Huntington, West Virginia. Njira yovomerezekayi idafupikitsidwa chifukwa cha mankhwala achibadwa, chifukwa kampani yopanga mankhwalawa imayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi chinthu chomwecho, mphamvu, mawonekedwe, ndi njira yoyendetsera. Mwanjira ina, iyenera kuwonetsa kuti ndiyofanana ndi mankhwala omwe amadziwika ndi dzina. Makina opanga opanga ayenera kupanga miyezo yofanana ndi yomwe imapangidwa ndi dzina lopanga.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa dzina lodziwika ndi mankhwala achibadwa?
Kwenikweni, pali zitatu: mtengo, zosakaniza zopanda ntchito, ndi mawonekedwe.
Mtengo
Malinga ndi a FDA, mankhwala achibadwa akhoza kutsika mpaka 85% poyerekeza ndi mayina awo ofanana. Mtengo wotsika umabwera chifukwa choti opanga generic safunikira kuchita mayeso onse azachipatala okwera mtengo akuwonetsa chitetezo ndi mphamvu zomwe opanga maina amafunika azipeza asanalandire kuvomerezedwa ndi FDA. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga mankhwala achibadwa samalipira ndalama zambiri polemba ndi kutsatsa malonda.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhala ndi chilolezo kwa zaka pafupifupi 20. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyo, opanga amataya mwayi wawo wokhawokha. Panthawiyo, makampani angapo amatha kubweretsa mankhwala wamba pamsika, ndikupanga mpikisano wokwera mtengo.
Mankhwala ena achibadwa ndi mayina awo ofanana ndi awa:
| Fananizani mitengo yamankhwala odziwika ndi mankhwala wamba | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dzina Brand | Dzina lachibadwa | Mtengo |
| Zambiri | zolpidem | Yerekezerani mitengo |
| Ativan | alireza | Yerekezerani mitengo |
| Flonase | alireza | Yerekezerani mitengo |
| Glucophage | metformin | Yerekezerani mitengo |
| Prilosec | omeprazole | Yerekezerani mitengo |
| Proventil | albuterol | Yerekezerani mitengo |
| Wellbutrin | bupropion | Yerekezerani mitengo |
| Xanax | alprazolamu | Yerekezerani mitengo |
Zosakaniza zopanda ntchito
Zosakaniza zopanda utoto ndi utoto, zotetezera, komanso opanga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala awo. Alibe phindu lililonse lochiritsira. Kutanthauza kuti, sizimakhudza momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira ndi matenda omwe mumamwa. Ndipo, amatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa mankhwala achibadwa ndi mankhwala.
Maonekedwe
Chifukwa cha malamulo azizindikiro komanso nkhawa zamakampani, opanga ma generic amayenera kuwoneka osiyana ndi anzawo. Atha kukhala amtundu wina kapena onunkhira kwina. Koma kusiyana kumeneku sikungakhudze mphamvu yonse ya mankhwalawa.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mankhwala a biosimilar ndi generic?
Kuti mumvetsetse kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi otani, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi otani. Biologics ndi mankhwala omwe amapangidwa kapena omwe ali ndi zinthu zamoyo (ganizirani mapuloteni, maselo, DNA, kapena zigawo zamagazi). Katemera ndi mankhwala ena a mahomoni ndi zitsanzo za mankhwala a biologic.
Mosiyana ndi mankhwala achibadwa, omwe amayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zomwezo monga maina odziwika, ma biosimilar mankhwala ndi omwe a FDA amachitcha kuti amafanana kwambiri ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka a FDA omwe amadziwika kale (otchedwa reference product). Koma atha kukhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono. Mwanjira ina, mosiyana ndi generic, sizofanana ndi mankhwala omwe amatsatiridwa nawo. Mwachitsanzo, Cyltezo (adalimumab-adbm) adavomerezedwa ndi a FDA ngati biosimilar ya Humira (adalimumab) yochizira nyamakazi.
A biosimilar ayenera kuchita zinthu mosiyana ndi mankhwalawa, akufotokoza Dr. Riley. Koma chifukwa cha momwe mankhwala a biologic amapangidwira [kuchokera kuzinthu zamoyo], zikanakhala zovuta kupanga zopangira zenizeni [zamankhwala] kwa iwo. Chifukwa chake, a FDA adapanga njira ya biosimilar, yomwe imathandizira kutsitsa mtengo wogwirizana ndi ma biologic agents, omwe ndi mankhwala okwera mtengo kwambiri. Amakhala ofanana ndi opanga, chifukwa amakhala otsika mtengo kuposa anzawo a biologic.
Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusankha mankhwala wamba?
Kaya musankha mankhwala omwe ali ndi generic kapena dzina lanu atha kukhala otsika mtengo, inshuwaransi yazaumoyo, komanso zokonda zanu kapena zolembera.
Mtengo
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kukhala otsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa mayina awo ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, dzina loti Ambien limatha kulipira $ 600 pamwezi, pomwe zolpidem zitha kukhala $ 60 zochepa chimodzimodzi. Ndi SingleCare, mutha kupeza ndalama zotsika mtengo pafupifupi $ 30!
Kuphunzira za inshuwaransi
Chifukwa mankhwala achibadwa ndi otsika mtengo, mapulani a inshuwaransi ndiwofunika kuwaphimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti copay yanu izikhala yotsika mtengo ngati wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akupatsani mankhwala wamba m'malo mwa dzina. Mu kafukufuku wina waposachedwa, ofufuza adayerekezera kufalitsa kwa Medicare Part D kwa mankhwala opitilira 1,300 opangidwa ndi generic ndi brand ndipo adapeza 84% ya mapulaniwo amangotengera mankhwala achibadwa pomwe 0.9% imangophimbira maina odziwika (15% adaphimba onse). Ngati mtengo uli vuto, musazengereze kufunsa omwe amakuthandizani ngati pali njira ina yothandizira.
Zokonda zanu / zosankha
Malamulo aboma amatha kusiyanasiyana, koma ngati mungafune kusunga ndalama, onetsetsani kuti amene akukulemberani kalata akuwonetseni m'malo mwake ndikololedwa pamankhwalawo kapena lembani mankhwalawo ndi dzina lachibadwa. Ngati pali generic yomwe ilipo, wamankhwala amadzaza mankhwala anu ndi generic. Nthawi zonse mutha kufunsa wamankhwala musanadzaze mankhwala anu, ngati muli ndi mafunso pamitengo ndi kupezeka kwa njira zina za generic.
Pamene generic sangakhale lingaliro labwino
Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala omwe amatchedwa ma brand-brand ndi njira zawo zina zimasinthasintha. Pali zochitika zochepa zomwe zingasokoneze thanzi lanu. Chitsanzo chimodzi, akutero Dr. Saleh, ndi mankhwala a khunyu. Kusintha kuchokera ku mankhwala omwe amatchedwa antiseizure mankhwala kupita ku generic kumatha kuchititsa kuti asatengeke. Mankhwala achibadwa a zinthu zina zamaso sangatulutse zotsatira zomwezo kwa odwala.
Koma, mwambiri, kusinthira ku generic kumakhala kwanzeru ngati kulipo ndipo muli omasuka kupanga kusinthana. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu. Ngati kuli chisankho pakati pa kusamwa mankhwala chifukwa cha mtengo wake, ndi generic, generic ndiye chisankho chodziwikiratu.
Popeza mankhwala opatsirana ndi ofanana mofanana ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi dzina, kusinthana ndi generic ikafika iliyonse ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino yochepetsera ndalama kwa wodwala, pharmacy, kapena bungwe, atero Dr. Saleh.
Kuti mupeze ndalama zochulukirapo, sakani singlecare.com kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa momwe mungasungire pamtundu wamankhwala anu.
