Kodi finasteride ndi chiyani ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Zambiri Zamankhwala

Kodi dazi la amuna ndi kufanana kwa prostate kumafanana bwanji? Onsewa amathandizidwa ndi finasteride-ndipo ndipamene kufanana kwawo kumathera. Ndi chiyani? Bukuli limalongosola momwe zimathandizira, zotsatirapo zake, ndi mankhwala ena.

Kodi finasteride ndi chiyani?

Finasteride ndi 5-alpha reductase inhibitor. Zimagwira ntchito poletsa kupanga 5-alpha reductase enzyme, yomwe imasintha testosterone kukhala dihydrotestosterone (DHT), yolimbikitsa kukula kwa prostate ndikupangitsa tsitsi kutayika. Mphamvu ya DHT ndi yakomweko, kutanthauza kuti kupezeka kwake kumutu sikuwonetsa kukula kwa prostate komanso mosemphanitsa. Ngakhale zili choncho, finasteride, pansi pa mayina osiyanasiyana komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana, imagwira ntchito pochiza matenda onsewa. Maina a brand for finasteride ndi Proscar (ya prostate yowonjezera) ndi Propecia (yotaya tsitsi). Mankhwalawa amathanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya prostate yotsika.

Kodi finasteride imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Dipatimenti ya Food and Drug Administration (FDA) idavomereza kuti ndalama zithandizire pochiza benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) ndi androgenetic alopecia, kupatulira pang'ono kwa tsitsi. Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo pazinthu zina zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito.

Benign Prostatic hyperplasia

Dzinalo Proscar itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito payokha kapena kuphatikiza ndi Cardura (doxazosin) kuchiza BPH, kukulitsa kwa prostate gland. Pamene prostate gland imakula, imakanikizana ndi mtsempha wa mkodzo. Zizindikiro za BPH, malinga ndi Urology Care Foundation , monga:

• Kusunga kwamikodzo - osakhoza kutulutsa chikhodzodzo mokwanira
• Kumva kuti kufunikira kukodza
• Kukhala ndi kuchepa kwa mkodzo
• Zovuta ndi kukodza
• Kufunika kuti musokoneze kukodza

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti amuna omwe amatenga finasteride kwa miyezi 12 adadziwika kuti ali ndi kuchepa kwa 23% kwa zolepheretsa ndi kuchepa kwa 18% pazambiri zosapweteketsa, kuwonjezeka kwamikodzo, komanso kuchepa kwa 19% kwa kuchuluka kwa prostatic, akuti Douglas P. Jeffrey , MD, dokotala wabanja ku Oregon komanso mlangizi wa zamankhwala ku eMediHealth .Ndikofunika kumwa finasteride kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka 12 kukula kwa prostate kuchepetsedwa mokwanira kuti zizindikiritso za BPH ziziyenda bwino. Zizindikiro zimakhazikika bola ngati mankhwala akupitilira kwa zaka. Mankhwala akayimitsidwa zizindikilo zoyambirira za BPH zimabweranso. Mankhwalawa amawoneka otetezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali.

Kuopsa kwa vutoli kumakulirakulira. Hafu ya amuna onse azaka zapakati pa 51, ndi 60% mpaka 90% ya okalamba kuposa 80 akukumana ndi zizindikilo zoyambitsidwa ndi prostate wokulitsidwa, malinga ndi National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Impso (NIDDK). Finasteride ikhoza kuwongolera BPH, koma siyichiritsa. Kwa anthu ena, zimachepetsa kufunika koti achite opaleshoni ya prostate.

Dazi la amuna

Propecia imatha kuchiza altecia ya androgenetic-dazi la amuna. Mankhwalawa ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa Proscar. Zimathandizira kukonza kutsika kwa ndege komanso kutayika kwa tsitsi pamwamba pamutu. Komabe, sizimathandiza kupatulira tsitsi pakachisi, malinga ndi Medline Komanso .

Propecia imachedwetsa tsitsi ndipo imathandizira pakukula kwa tsitsi, malinga ndi Kaiser Permanente . Anthu ambiri samawona kusintha kwa miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi mutayamba mankhwalawa, ndipo amangogwira ntchito ngati mupitiliza kumwa. Mukasiya, tsitsi lanu latsopanoli lidzagwa m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena khumi ndi iwiri yosiya.

Finasteride ndiyothandiza kwambiri kuposa mankhwala apakhungu otayika tsitsi la amuna, malinga ndi Dr. Jeffrey. Kafukufuku wina akuti amuna amakwanitsanso tsitsi patatha zaka ziwiri akugwiritsa ntchito ndikuwongolera kwambiri kwa anyamata azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 41.

Finasteride nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zinthu zina zomwe sizikupezeka. Kupanda chizindikiro kumatanthauza kuti a FDA sanavomereze mankhwalawa kuti athetse vutoli; komabe, umboni wamatsenga wasonyeza kuti zitha kuthandiza. Zina mwa izi ndi monga:

Hirsutism

Matendawa amachititsa kuti tsitsi likule kwambiri mwa amayi. Kukula kwa tsitsi kumawoneka m'malo amthupi momwe tsitsi silimakula, monga pakamwa, pachibwano, pachifuwa, pamimba, ndi kumbuyo. Pakati pa 5% ndi 10% azimayi ali ndi hirsutism, malinga ndi Chipatala cha Cleveland . Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi monga polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), kusintha kwa nthawi, mankhwala ena, ndi zina zotheka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa testosterone.

Transgender hormone therapy (wamwamuna ndi wamkazi)

Finasteride nthawi zina imakhala yothandiza pochiza mahomoni azimayi opatsirana pogonana kuti achepetse kukula kwa tsitsi m'malo ena amthupi kupatula mutu.

Kupewa khansa ya prostate

Finasteride ikhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya prostate yotsika. Kafukufuku wamkulu adapeza kuti finasteride idachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa ya prostate mwa amuna azaka 55 kapena kupitilira apo, malinga ndi National Cancer Institute . Kafukufuku yemweyo akuwonetsa kuti ngakhale mankhwalawa amachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya prostate yotsika, imawonjezera chiopsezo chopeza khansa ya prostate, yomwe ndi yolimba komanso yovuta kuchiza. Komabe, a kafukufuku waposachedwa , yomwe idatsata amuna omwe amamwa ndalama zambiri kwa zaka 20, sanapeze kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amafa ndi khansa ya prostate.

Dr. Howard Parnes, m'modzi mwa omwe adalemba kafukufukuyu, akukhulupirira kuti zotsatira zoyambirira zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa khansa yapamwamba kwambiri zimafotokozedwa, mwina pang'ono, pozindikira bwino chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuchepetsa kukula kwa prostate gland kumawonjezera mwayi wopeza chithunzi chabwino popewa matenda, ndipo finasteride ikuwoneka kuti ikuthandizira kuyesa kwa mayeso a PSA kuti azindikire khansa ya Prostate.

A FDA sanavomereze ndalama zopewera khansa.

Mlingo wa Finasteride

Finasteride imapezeka m'mapiritsi a 1 mg ndi 5 mg, malinga ndi Dokotala Buku Lofotokozera ( PDR ). Miyezo yazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana ndi iyi:

• BPH: 5 mg tsiku lililonse, kumwa kapena wopanda chakudya, kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mpaka miyezi 12 ngati kuli kofunikira. Gwiritsani ntchito nokha kapena kuphatikiza ndi Cardura (doxazosin).
• Kutaya tsitsi kwa amuna: 1 mg tsiku lililonse kwa miyezi itatu. Muyenera kuzindikira kusintha pakadutsa miyezi 12. Ngati palibe kusintha, mankhwala ena mwina sangakhale othandiza. Muyenera kuti mudapitilizabe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
• Hirsutism mwa akazi: 5 mg tsiku lililonse, kaya payekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi njira zakulera zam'kamwa.
• Thandizo la Transgender hormone: 1 mpaka 5 mg tsiku lililonse, malinga ndi Katie Imborek , MD, wotsogolera limodzi ku LGBTQ Clinic ya University of Iowa.

Kodi zotsatira zoyipa za finasteride ndi ziti?

Monga mankhwala onse, finasteride imatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina. Sikuti aliyense amakumana ndi zovuta; Komabe, muyenera kudziwa zovuta zomwe zingachitike pompano, zomwe zingaphatikizepo kusowa pogonana. Malinga ndi PDR , zovuta zoyipa zimaphatikizapo:

• Kulephera kwa Erectile
• Kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana
• Mavuto ndikutulutsa umuna, kuphatikiza kuchepa kwa umuna
• Kupweteka kwa machende
• Matenda okhumudwa

Zotsatira zoyipa zowonjezereka, kuphatikizapo kusokonezeka, ndi:

• Chitupa
• Kuyabwa
• Ming'oma
• Kutupa kwa milomo ndi nkhope
• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kumeza

Ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta zina zilizonse, muyenera kulumikizana ndi dokotala kapena kupita kuchipatala mwachangu.

Finasteride amathanso kukulitsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere, malinga ndi Yunivesite ya Michigan . Muyenera kulumikizana ndi akatswiri azachipatala mukawona:

• Ziphuphu za m'mawere
• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kufatsa
• Kutulutsa kwamabele
• Mabere ena amasintha

Ngakhale zovuta zomwe zingachitike, finasteride ndiyotetezeka yogwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza kukula kwa tsitsi kwa gawo la anyamata. Sitiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kukambirana. Kuwunika mosamala zotsatira zoyipa zazifupi komanso zazitali komanso kumvetsetsa kuti kuchepa kwa kusintha kwa miyezi isanu ndi inayi mpaka 12 mutayimitsa ndalama ndikofunikira kuunikiranso isanayambike, atero Dr. Jeffrey. Popeza finasteride ili ndi chizolowezi chotsitsa milingo ya PSA imafunikira kuti PSA iyang'anitsidwe ndikukhala ndi mayeso a digito ama digito (DRE) kuti aone prostate. Pali kuthekera kotseka khansa ya prostate chifukwa chotsika kwa PSA. DRE iyenera kuchitidwa asanayambe kulandira chithandizo komanso pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuyambira poyambira. Chaka chilichonse DRE imakhala yofunikira.

Machenjezo a Finasteride

Amuna ena amakumana ndi post-finasteride syndrome (PFS) akasiya kumwa mankhwala. PFS imaphatikizaponso zovuta zakugonana, minyewa, thupi, ndi malingaliro.Matenda a Post-finasteride sakutanthauziridwa bwino ndipo amaimira matenda obwera chifukwa chotsutsana. Amalumikizidwa ndi gulu lazizindikiro zakugonana, zakuthupi, ndi zamaganizidwe zomwe zimayamba nthawi yayitali kapena itatha ndalama zoyambira ndipo zitha kupitilirabe pambuyo posiya. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa libido, ED, komanso kukomoka kwa magazi komanso kukhumudwa, malinga ndi Dr. Jeffrey. Nthawi zina, zizindikirazo zimasowa pakapita nthawi ngakhale zina zidakhala zaka zambiri.

Palibe mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochepa, ngati alipo, malinga ndi Foundation ya PFS .Maziko akuwonetsa kuti pakhala malipoti 16,198 olakwika okhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo padziko lonse lapansi, odzipha 63 odziwika, ndi mayiko 23 omwe amapereka machenjezo okhudza mankhwalawa. Akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athetse mankhwalawa pamsika, kapena, osachepera, kuti akhale ndi machenjezo mwamphamvu osindikizidwa pamankhwala onse ndi mapepala azidziwitso za odwala.

Ngakhale finasteride yalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa khansa ya prostate yotsika, 2003 yophunzira apeza kuti akhoza kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa yapamwamba ya prostate, yomwe ndi khansa ya prostate yoopsa kwambiri. Zotsatira zamtsogolo, monga zomwe zidasindikizidwa mu Kafukufuku Woteteza Khansa , pamapeto pake sanapeze kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa khansa ya Prostate mwa omwe amatenga ndalama.

Amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena omwe angathe kutenga pakati sayenera kukhudza mapiritsi a finasteride chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kupunduka.

Kodi pali njira zina m'malo mwa ndalama?

Njira zina zoperekera ndalama kumatengera chifukwa chomwe mumamwa mankhwala.

Avodart (dutasteride) ya BPH

Avodart ndimapangidwe 4-azasteroid omwe amathandizira BPH. Zimagwira ntchito poletsa kutembenuka kwa testosterone kukhaladihydrotestosterone (DHT). Gwiritsani ntchito nokha kapena ndi mankhwala Flomax (tamsulosin).

Alpha-blockers a BPH

Alpha-blockers amagwira ntchito potulutsa minofu mu chikhodzodzo ndi prostate ndikuthandizira pafupifupi 70% ya amuna omwe ali ndi BPH, malinga ndi Thanzi la Harvard . Izi zimayamba kugwira ntchito pafupifupi sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri ndipo zimakhala ndi zovuta zochepa. Alpha-blockers ndi awa:

• Rapaflo (silodosin)
• Flomax (tamsulosin)
• Uroxatral (alfuzosin)

Sakhala ndi mwayi uliwonse wopeza khansa ya prostate.

Njira zina za dazi la amuna

Kuphatikiza pa finasteride, mankhwala owonjezera pamankhwala amatha kuthana ndi dazi la amuna. Rogaine (minoxidil) amapezeka ngati madzi kapena thovu, opaka m'mutu tsiku ndi tsiku, malinga ndi Chipatala cha Mayo . Zitha kutenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi musanazindikire kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi ndikumera kwatsopano. Mankhwalawa amangogwira ntchito mukamawagwiritsa ntchito. Mukayimitsa, kukula kwatsitsi kulikonse kungatayika.

Mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amaphatikizapo opaleshoni yokonzanso tsitsi, kapena opaleshoni yobwezeretsa, ndi laser therapy. Mungafune kuchitidwa opareshoni imodzi, ndipo inshuwaransi sichimaphimba mankhwalawa.