Momwe mungabwezeretsere kukoma ndi kununkhiza pambuyo pa coronavirus

Nkhani

ZOCHITIKA ZA CORONAVIRUS: Akatswiri akamaphunzira zambiri za coronavirus yatsopano, nkhani komanso kusintha kwazidziwitso. Zatsopano pa mliri wa COVID-19, chonde pitani ku Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda .

Malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi, ndi chifuwa chouma ndizizindikiro za COVID-19; matenda oyamba ndi koronavirus yatsopano. Zizindikiro zina ziwiri zamitsempha zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri kotero kuti nthawi zina zimawonedwa ngati chizindikiro chodalirika kwambiri chamatenda: kutaya kwa fungo (anosmia) ndi kulawa (ageusia). Koma kodi kufalikira kwazovuta izi ndi kotani? Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Kodi pali matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikirozi? Werengani kuti mupeze mayankho a mafunso awa.

Kodi kutayika kwa kulawa ndi kununkhira kumafala bwanji kuchokera ku coronavirus?

Pafupifupi 74% ya odwala a COVID-19 amataya kununkhiza, malinga ndi phunziro limodzi . Ambiri amalephera kumva kukoma kwake — mwina chifukwa chakuti kununkhira ndi fungo kulumikizana. Mwanjira ina, kutayika kwa kulawa ndi kununkhira ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro za COVID-19. Nthawi zambiri, chimakhala chimodzi mwazizindikiro zoyamba kuti munthu atengerekachilombo ka corona.

Kwa zaka makumi ambiri, asing'anga adziwa kuti matenda opatsirana a ma virus ndi omwe amapangitsa kuti anthu asamve fungo, akuteroJaveed Siddiqui MD, MPH, dokotala wamkulu ku TeleMed2U . Ndi mliri waposachedwa wa SARS-CoV-2, kafukufuku wambiri wowonetsa matenda awonetsa kuti matenda a SARS-CoV-2 amalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa anosmia (kapena kutayika kwa fungo) komwe kumawonekeranso ndi matenda ena a ma virus.

Pali umboni wina Kutaya kwakumva ndi kununkhira kumatha kukhala kofala kwambiri ndi matenda ofatsa pang'ono, mosiyana ndi milandu yayikulu. Odwala 26.9% okha ndi omwe ali mchipatala ndi COVID-19 omwe adatinso anosmia, pomwe 66.7% ya matenda a COVID-19 omwe amachitidwa ngati odwala akunja akuti ndi chizindikiro, malinga ndi UC San Diego Health . Zofanana zomwezo zidapezeka chifukwa cha kutaya kwa kukoma.

Kodi coronavirus imayambitsa bwanji kukoma ndi kununkhiza?

Asayansi akuphunzirabe momwe COVID-19 imathandizira kulawa ndi kununkhiza, ngakhale akuganiza kuti imakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje. Ofufuza ku Harvard Medical School amakhulupirira kuti apeza mitundu yama cell mu babu wonunkhira (yomwe imapezeka kumtunda kwa mphuno) omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2, ndipo posachedwapa adafalitsa zotsatira zawo . Kuti timvetsetse bwino tanthauzo la anosmia (kapena kutayika kwa fungo), choyamba tiyenera kukambirana kuti mbali ya mphuno imakhala ndimaselo otchedwa olfactory epithelium (OE), a Dr. Siddiqui akuti. Udindo waukulu wa OE ndikudziwika kwa fungo. Monga momwe Dr. Siddiqui akufotokozera, malo oyamba a kachilombo ka HIV kamene kamayambitsa COVID-19 ndi nasopharynx, yomwe ili kumtunda kwa mmero, kuseri kwa mphuno.

Tikudziwa kuti SARS-CoV-2 imagwiritsa ntchito cholandilira cha ACE2 (puloteni pamwamba pamitundu yambiri yamaselo) kuti ilowe m'maselo osiyanasiyana mthupi, Dr. Siddiqui akufotokoza. Gulu lofufuzira la Harvard lapeza kuti maselo apadera mkati mwa epithelium olfactory amafotokozera zolandilira za ACE2 pafupipafupi. Mwakutero chifukwa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti munthu azimva fungo chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana a epithelium cell a SARS-CoV-2. Mwanjira ina, COVID-19 siyimakhudza mwachindunji ma neuron azomvera omwe amanyamula fungo kuubongo. Zimakhudza momwe maselo othandizira amagwirira ntchito.

Makina omwe kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2 kamayambitsa fungo ndi kukoma kumatha kukhala kovuta, koma ngati mukumva kutaya kwa mphamvu izi zimathandiza kudziwa za Zizindikiro zina zofala za kachilombo ka COVID-19 zomwe zikuphatikizapo:

• Malungo / kuzizira
• Chifuwa chowuma
• Kupweteka kwa thupi
• Kupuma pang'ono
• Mutu
• Chikhure
• Kutaya njala

Ngati mukukumana ndi izi, kuphatikiza kuchepa mphamvu, muyenera kuyimbira omwe akukuthandizani.

Zina zomwe zingayambitse kukoma ndi kununkhira

Kutaya kamvekedwe kanu ndi fungo sizitanthauza kuti muli ndi COVID-19. Chiyeso chabwino cha matenda opatsirana, kapena kupezeka kwa ma antibodies m'magazi anu ndi umboni wokhawo wowona wa matenda a coronavirus. Pali zifukwa zina zambiri zakuchepa kwa mphamvu ziwirizi, kuphatikiza:

• Mavairasi: Mavairasi monga chimfine kapena chimfine chimatha kuyambitsa kukoma kapena kununkhiza.
• Matenda: Matenda a m'mphuno ndi nonallergic rhinitis (kupindika kwa m'mphuno komwe sikumayambitsidwa ndi chifuwa kapena hay fever) amathanso kuyambitsa kununkhira.
• Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono m'mphuno: Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamphuno titha kulepheretsa mphuno kuyambitsa kupuma movutikira, kununkhiza, mphuno, ndi matenda a sinus.
• Zochitika zamankhwala: Matenda ena amatha kuyambitsa kununkhira monga matenda a Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, ndi matenda a Parkinson. Kusintha kwa mahomoni, monga nthawi yoleka kusamba, kungapangitsenso kusintha kuti mulawe ndi kununkhiza.
• Kuvulala kumutu kapena kuvulala pamphuno: Kuvulala koopsa kwaubongo kumatha kubweretsa kusokonekera, komwe kumapangitsa kuti musamve kukoma ndi kununkhiza.
• Mankhwala: Mankhwala ena amatha kupangitsa kuti munthu asamve kukoma komanso kununkhira kuphatikizapo maantibayotiki, mankhwala amtima, komanso mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinc kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mankhwala opangira mankhwala opangira mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathanso kuyambitsa kukoma ndi kununkhira.
• Thandizo la radiation: Kuchepetsa ma radiation ndi chemotherapy kumutu ndi m'khosi kumatha kupangitsa kuti munthu asamve kukoma komanso kununkhiza.

Kununkhiza kumathandizanso mwachilengedwe tikamakalamba. Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi kutaya kwa kukoma ndi kununkhira funsani omwe akukuthandizani.

Momwe mungayesere mosamala kamvedwe kanu ndi kununkhiza

Ngakhale COVID-19 ili ndi zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Kutayika kwatsopano kwa kununkhiza ndi kununkhiza nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro chokha chomwe anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachiromboka amazindikira. Chifukwa chake, kungakhale lingaliro labwino kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muziyesa mphamvu ndi njira yakunyumba yotchedwa mayeso a jellybean, malinga ndi CNN .

A Steven Munger, director of the Center for Smell and Taste ku University of Florida, akuti mayesowo atha kuchitidwa pogwira jellybean m'dzanja limodzi ndikuphimba mphuno ndi dzanja linalo; kupewa mpweya uliwonse. Kenako, mumayika jellybean mkamwa mwanu ndikumatafuna. Mukadali kutafuna, mumachotsa dzanja lanu lomwe linali likuphimba mphuno zanu ndipo ngati fungo lanu silikutha, muyenera kulembetsa kununkhira ndi kununkhira kwa jellybean nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimatchedwa retro nasal olfaction, ndipo zimachitika fungo likamatuluka kuchokera mkamwa mwanu kupyola m'mphuno mwanu ndikulowa m'mphuno.

Ngati mulephera mayeso a jellybean, chitha kukhala chizindikiro kuti muli ndi COVID-19. Mutha kufunsa wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati mukufuna kukayezetsa, kapena kambiranani za kuyesa fungo losavuta. Kuyesaku kumakhudza kununkhiza fungo losiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa ndi khutu, mphuno, pakhosi kapena katswiri wa zamitsempha. Izi zitha kukhalanso chizindikiro kuti muli ndi COVID-19.

Momwe mungabwerenso kukoma ndi kununkhiza (komanso nthawi yoti muwone wothandizira zaumoyo)

Kutaya kumveketsa ndi kununkhiza kwanu kumatha kukhala koopsa-bwanji ngati simungamve fungo la mpweya? Kapena chakudya chowotcha? Icho yakhala ikugwirizanitsidwa ndi kukhumudwa komanso nkhawa. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti anthu ambiri omwe ataya kukoma ndi kununkhira kuchokera ku coronavirus ayenera kuyambiranso patatha milungu ingapo.

Oposa awiri mwa atatu mwa odwala [COVID-19] amakonda kuyambiranso kumva kukoma ndi kununkhira m'masabata atatu, akutero Omid Mehdizadeh , MD, otolaryngologist (ENT) ndi laryngologist ku Providence Saint John's Health Center ku Santa Monica, CA. Kwa anthu ena, kutaya mphamvuzi kumatha kutenga nthawi kuti ayambirenso. Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa odwala lidanenabe kununkhiza ndikumva kusokonezeka milungu isanu ndi umodzi kapena isanu ndi iwiri kuchokera ku matenda a [COVID-19], akuchenjeza Dr. Mehdizadeh. Mukamabweretsanso kukoma, mutha kukhala ndi vuto la dysgeusia, kapena kusokonekera kwa kukoma kwanu, pomwe zinthu zina sizimalawa monga momwe zidalili kale COVID-19.

Zizindikiro zomwe mungafunikire kuti mulankhule ndi omwe amakuthandizani azaumoyo pazakumwa ndi kununkhira ndi monga:

• Kutaya kwakanthawi (kopitilira mwezi umodzi)
• Kupweteka mutu
• Ululu
• Madzi olimba amphuno
• Masomphenya akusintha
• Mphuno imatuluka magazi
• Malungo

Ngati mukuda nkhawa za nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mumve fungo labwino komanso / kapena kulawa pambuyo pa COVID-19, pali njira zina zochiritsira. Wosamalira wanu wamkulu amathanso kukutumizirani kwa katswiri wa otolaryngology.

Kununkhiza maphunziro

Zikakhala kuti fungo lakutaya kwanthawi yayitali, komwe COVID-19 ndi imodzi, kununkhiza kwamankhwala akuwonetsa kuti akuchira, akutiDr. Mehdizadeh. Amalimbikitsa kununkhizakununkhira kwamphamvu — kapena mafuta ofunikira — monga malalanje otenthedwa, zest ya mandimu, bulugamu, ndi ma clove katatu kapena kanayi patsiku kwa miyezi itatu kapena inayi. Izi zitha kuthandiza kukonzanso mitsempha yopanda mphamvu.

Mankhwala

Kuphatikiza apo, Dr. Mehdizadeh akuti palinso mankhwala ena omwe othandizira azaumoyo angalembetse kuphatikiza:

• Nasal steroid opopera: Flonase (fluticasone) , Nasacort (triamcinolone) , Nasonex (mometasone)
• Steroids pakamwa: Prednisone , Methylprednisolone (medrol)

Malinga ndi Dr. Mehdizadeh, Mankhwala ena kuphatikiza Ginkgo Biloba , Nthaka , Alpha Lipoic Acid , ndi Theophylline adanenedwa, koma kuyesetsa kwawo sikunawonetsedwe.

Chifukwa COVID-19 imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda (kutanthauza mtundu watsopano womwe sunadziwikepo kale), ofufuza ndi asayansi akuphunzirabe zambiri zamomwe zimakhudzira thupi tsiku lililonse; kuphatikiza momwe zimakhudzira kumva kwathu ndi kununkhira. Poyang'anira mphamvu izi, ndikudziwa kusintha kulikonse, titha kuthandiza kudzisunga tokha komanso iwo omwe atizungulira kukhala otetezeka komanso athanzi.