Kuwongolera kwa prediabetes: zizindikiro, zoyambitsa, ndi chithandizo

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Pafupifupi m'modzi mwa anthu atatu aku America ali ndi matenda ashuga, malinga ndi CDC. Komabe, milandu yambiri imapezekabe osazindikira. Prediabetes ndi pamene magazi anu a shuga (magazi m'magazi) amakhala okwera kuposa nthawi zonse, koma osakwanira kuti akhale shuga. Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri sizidziwika, ndipo popanda chithandizo cha prediabetes, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha imatha kuwonongeka. Izi zimatha kubweretsa matenda amtima ndi kupwetekedwa mtima, ndipo pamapeto pake, zimayamba kukhala mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga.

Type 2 diabetes, gawo lotsatira pambuyo pa prediabetes, ndipamene thupi lanu silingathe kuyika bwino magawo a shuga chifukwa simungathe kupanga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito bwino hormone insulin. Thupi lanu likagwiritsa ntchito insulini moyenera, limadziwika kuti insulin insulin. Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito insulini moyenera, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukhala koopsa kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti insulini ndi timadzi tomwe timathandizira ma cell anu kugwiritsa ntchito ndikusinthira shuga.

Matenda a shuga amachititsa

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga, ambiri mwa iwo omwe akukhudzana ndi moyo. Ngozi Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a prediabetes ndi insulin kukana ndi awa:

• Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi / moyo wongokhala
• Zakudya zosapatsa thanzi
• Achibale omwe ali nawo nthawi yomweyo amakhala ndi matenda ashuga
• Mumakhala ndi matenda a shuga (matenda a shuga mukakhala ndi pakati)
• Ndiwe wamkazi wokhala ndi matenda a polycystic ovary (PCOS)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mafuta ochepa (HDL) cholesterol
• Ndinu African American, Native American, Latin American kapena Asia / Pacific Islander
• Oposa zaka 45
• Mpweya wogona

Kodi matenda ashuga amabadwa?

Popeza matenda ashuga ndi ovuta, zinthu zingapo Nthawi zambiri amathandizira kukulitsa matendawa. Zochita pamoyo zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo, komabe, chibadwa ndi mbiri yabanja zimathandizira kwambiri pamtundu wa 1 komanso mtundu wa 2 shuga. Zinafufuzidwa bwino kuti ngati a banja membala ali ndi matenda ashuga, mumatha kukhala ndi vutoli.

Kodi matenda ashuga amapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna kapena akazi?

Maphunziro onetsani kuti matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba amapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna, ndipo amatha kuwapatsira ana awo. Komabe, ngakhale amayi kale adawonetsa kuwonetsa mtundu wa 2 shuga, tsopano wafala chimodzimodzi pakati pa abambo ndi amai.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga ndimomwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri zimayamba muubwana. Ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, thupi lanu limagunda kapamba wake kotero kuti sangatulutse insulini. Matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 ndiofala kwambiri mwa akulu, ndipo ngakhale amakhala ochepa kuposa mtundu woyamba, amathanso kuyambitsa mavuto azaumoyo, kuphatikizapo matenda a impso kapena kuwonongeka, matenda amtima, kapena sitiroko. Mosiyana ndi mtundu woyamba, wokhala ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga insulini itha kutulutsidwa, koma thupi limatha kulimbana nalo kapena silokwanira. Kuteteza kwa insulin kumayamba m'maselo amafuta, chiwindi, ndi minofu, motero makamaka kufufuza mgwirizano pakati pa kunenepa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga

Chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu kotero anthu ambiri ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana osadziwika chifukwa chakuti ukhoza kupita zaka zambiri osakumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zowonekera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri imasiyidwa osadziwika mpaka itayamba kukhala mavuto akulu azaumoyo.

Pazifukwa izi, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kufunsa dokotala kuti akupimeni mayeso a shuga kuti muwone ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati muli ndi zina mwaziwopsezo zazikulu, monga kukhala wonenepa, wazaka 45 kapena kupitilira apo, kapena kukhala wolimbitsa thupi osachepera katatu pamlungu.

Izi zati, zina zodziwitsa za prediabetes yomwe muyenera kuyang'anira ndi iyi:

• Kumva ludzu kwambiri
• Kukodza pafupipafupi
• Pakamwa pouma
• Njala itatha kudya
• Kuchepetsa kapena kupindula kosadziwika
• Kupweteka mutu
• Masomphenya olakwika

Kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikirozi kungakhale chisonyezero chakuti mwasintha kuchokera ku prediabetes mu mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda ashuga, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu wamkulu ndikupemphani kuti mukayezetse magazi.

Mayeso a shuga

Pali mayesero osiyanasiyana a magazi omwe dokotala angagwiritse ntchito kuti adziwe ngati ndinu prediabetic. Zitatu zotsatirazi ndizofala kwambiri komanso zothandiza:

1. Kusala kudya kwa shuga

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, kuyesaku kumachitika mutasala kudya kwa maola osachepera asanu ndi atatu. Mosavuta, madokotala ambiri angakupangitseni kuti musalale usiku umodzi ndikubwera m'mawa kuti mudzayesedwe.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi kuchokera 100 mpaka 125 mg / dL (5.6 mpaka 7.0 mmol / L) amawerengedwa kuti ndi matenda ashuga, komabe, kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi wa 126 mg / dL (7.0 mmol / L) kapena kupitilira apo kumawonetsa mtundu wa 2 shuga.

2. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga pakamwa

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amangoyesa kuyeza magazi asanakwane ali ndi pakati. Monga kuyesa kwa magazi mosala, adotolo amatenga magazi pambuyo poti wodwala wasala kudya kwa maola osachepera asanu ndi atatu. Kenako, wodwalayo amamwa madzi otsekemera ndikuyesanso magazi awo m'magazi awiri.

Pakuyesaku, kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi kuchokera ku 140 mpaka 199 mg / dL (7.8 mpaka 11.0 mmol / L) kumatengedwa ngati prediabetes. Chilichonse chokwera chikuwonetsa matenda ashuga.

3. Mayeso a Glycated hemoglobin (A1C)

Chiyeso china cha kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi, mayeso a A1C amayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi m'masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi mpaka makumi asanu ndi anayi apitawa. Kawirikawiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa amayi apakati ndi odwala omwe ali ndi mitundu yosawerengeka ya hemoglobin chifukwa imatha kuyambitsa mayeso olakwika.

Mulingo wa A1C pakati pa 5.7 ndi 6.4% amawerengedwa kuti ndi matenda ashuga. Kuyesa kosagwirizana pamwambapa 6.5% kumawonetsa mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Mankhwala a shuga

Nkhani yabwino kwambiri, ngakhale ma prediabetes ali wamba, amatha kusinthidwa ndikuchoka. Ndi kusintha kwa moyo wathanzi, wodwala wa prediabetes amatha kupewa kapena kuchedwetsa kukula kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga.

Mankhwala atatu othandiza kwambiri a prediabetes ndi awa:

1. Kuchepetsa thupi

Nthawi zambiri, mapaundi 10 mpaka 14 okha a munthu wa mapaundi 200 amakhala okwanira kukhala ndi phindu lalikulu.

2. Wonjezerani zolimbitsa thupi

Malinga ndi ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, mphindi 30 zokha patsiku, masiku 5 pa sabata, ndizokwanira kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa matenda asanafike. Yesani kuyenda mwachangu m'mawa kapena masana, kukwera masitepe tsiku lililonse, kapena kuyimitsa malo amodzi kapena awiri kuchokera kuofesi.

3. Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi

Yambani pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta osakanizidwa, ndipo yang'anani zamasamba osakhala wowuma komanso nyama zowonda. Pitani ku mapuloteni azitsamba monga nyemba, mphodza, ndi mtedza. Chinsinsi ndikupanga fayilo ya chakudya chopatsa thanzi gawo la moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Katswiri wolemba zamankhwala wovomerezeka akhoza kukuthandizani kuti mupange dongosolo lakadyedwe lolingana ndi kulemera kwanu, ziwengo zanu, ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi thanzi lanu komanso thanzi lanu.

Zimathandizanso kuchepetsa mowa womwe umamwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kukhala ndi shuga wambiri komanso zimakhala zopanda madzi. Kumwa madzi ambiri kumathandizanso kuchepa thupi, ndipo ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri mukamasiya zakumwa zotsekemera monga koloko ndi madzi azipatso.

Kusuta Angathandizenso kukulitsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga, motero adokotala angakuuzeni kuti muchepetse chizolowezichi. Nthawi yomwe mwasiya kusiya kusuta imatha kupangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi matenda ashuga, motero dokotala wanu adzafunika kuwunika momwe mukuyendera komanso kuyankha kusintha kwa moyo wanu.

Pokhapokha ngati munthu akuwoneka kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda achiwiri amtundu wa matenda a shuga m'pamene dokotala amapatsa mankhwala a prediabetes. Chitsanzo chingakhale wodwala yemwe ali ndi index ya thupi (BMI) yoposa kapena yofanana ndi 35 kg / m2. Metformin ndiye mankhwala okhawo omwe American Diabetes Association limalangiza fir ntchito mankhwala prediabetes. Zimapangitsa kuti magazi azisungika m'magazi anu motetezeka poletsa chiwindi kuti chisatulutse shuga wambiri wosafunikira.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati mukudwala matendawa?

Ngati mwapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu, ndipo kuyezetsa magazi kukutsimikizirani kuti ndinu odwala matendawa, pali njira zambiri zosavuta zomwe mungatenge kuti musinthe vutoli ndikulepheretsa kuti likhale matenda ashuga.

Opereka chithandizo chamankhwala angakufotokozereni thandizo ndi chitsogozo, monga momwe moyo wanu ungasinthire poganizira mbiri yanu yazachipatala komanso momwe zinthu zilili. Njira zomwe angakulimbikitseni ndi monga kudula shuga wokonzedwa, kudya masamba ambiri ndi mbewu zonse, ndikuyenda m'mawa uliwonse.

Chofunika gwero kwa odwala ambiri omwe amadwala matenda ashuga ku United States ndi National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). Pogwiritsa ntchito mgwirizano wapaboma komanso waboma, cholinga chake ndikuletsa kapena kuchedwetsa matenda amtundu wa 2 popangitsa kuti anthu aku America asinthe moyo wawo momwe angafunire.

Nthawi zina, amatha kumalangiza mankhwala. Chilichonse chomwe dokotala angakuuzeni, kumbukirani kuti ma prediabetes amatha kusinthidwa ndipo ndibwino kuti mwachigwira msanga.