Kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala a achinyamata

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Makolo nthawi zonse amayang'ana zoopsa zobisika m'miyoyo ya achinyamata awo, koma makina a makolo amatha kuphonya mosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mankhwalawa amapezeka mosavuta ndipo amafalitsidwa kwambiri. Kukhala ndi botolo la mankhwala sikuti kumadzutsa kukayikira momwe zida zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo zingakhalire, kotero ndikosavuta kusunga kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala. Ndipo chifukwa mankhwalawa ali ndi chithandizo chamankhwala komanso chithandizo chamankhwala, mankhwalawa samawoneka owopsa.

Kuwongolera uku kukupatsani inu poyambira zokambirana zatsopano ndi mwana wanu, malingaliro owonjezera pa kafukufuku, ndi malangizo amomwe mungatetezere ana anu kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika ndi mankhwala.

Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala opatsirana ndi mankhwala

Mankhwala samakhala pachiwopsezo, ngakhale atatengedwa ndi oyang'anira zaumoyo. Pali zoopsa, koma zimakonzedwa ndi katswiri wofufuza mosamala mlingowo, kuwunika momwe mankhwala amathandizira mthupi, ndikuyesa mayeso kuti atsimikizire kuti mankhwalawo sawononga chilichonse.

Sichoncho kwa achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo molakwika. Alibe dokotala woti amutembenukire ngati china chake chalakwika.

Zizindikiro zakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika zimatha kukhala zobisika. Makolo ndi achikulire odalirika amatha kuthandiza achinyamata awo podziwa zizindikilo ndi zizolowezi zakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zizindikiro ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Ngati mwana wanu akugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala, mungaone kusintha kwamakhalidwe.

Zizindikiro

• Kupewa zochitika
• Chinsinsi
• Kusowa kwausiku
• Sanjani mabotolo azinyalala
• Mankhwala omwe simukuwadziwa
• Madokotala owonjezera amabwera kapena amapita ku pharmacy, kukonzanso koyambirira kwa mankhwala oyenera, kapena kutaya mankhwala akuchipatala (omwe atha kukhala chowiringula kuti awonjezere zina)

Zizindikiro zathupi

• Kusintha kwa kugona kapena kudya
• Ludzu lokwanira
• Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi kapena kunenepa
• Zizindikiro zakutha monga thukuta, kumva kuwawa, komanso kukhala ndi ana ochepa
• Kugwiritsa ntchito opioid: Kugona, kudzimbidwa, kusowa kwa mgwirizano, kupuma pang'ono
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zolimbikitsa: Kusowa tulo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kugunda kwamtima mosasinthasintha, kutentha thupi
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso oletsa nkhawa: Chizungulire, kuyenda mopanda malire kapena kusakhazikika, kugona, kupuma pang'ono

Zizindikiro zamaganizidwe

• Umunthu umasintha
• Kusintha kwakukulu
• Khalidwe lachilendo
• Kugwiritsa ntchito opioid: Euphoria kapena kumverera kwakukulu, kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe, kusintha kwakumva kupweteka
• Kugwiritsa ntchito chidwi: Euphoria, kupumula, malingaliro opitilira muyeso, paranoia, nkhawa, kukhala tcheru modabwitsa
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso odana ndi nkhawa: Kuchepetsa kusungika, kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe, zovuta zokumbukira, kusalankhula bwino

Zowonjezera

• Munthu aliyense ndi wosiyana, kotero mwana wanu sangasonyeze zizindikilo zonse.
• Zizindikiro zina ndizotheka, chifukwa chake yang'anani chilichonse chachilendo.
• Achinyamata ena amatha kubisa zochepa kapena zizindikilo zawo.
• Kumbukirani kuti pakhoza kukhala chifukwa chovomerezeka chachipatala chosagwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mwachitsanzo, chizungulire ndichizindikiro chofala chokhala ndi vuto la mtima).

Ngati muzindikira chilichonse mwazizindikiro mwa mwana wanu, ndikofunikira kuti musachite mantha. Mndandandawu ndiwowongolera zizindikilo, osati matenda osatsimikizika. Ngakhale mwana wanu wachinyamata ndi mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, akufunikira kuti mukhale munthu wamkulu wodalirika komanso wosamala yemwe angakupatseni chowonadi chokhudza mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zoopsa zakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Momwe makolo angathandizire kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala a achinyamata: Zolemba za makolo, aphunzitsi, ndi othandizira

Achinyamata amamvera achikulire omwe amakhala nawo ndipo mutha kukhala ndi chidwi nawo - ziwerengero zimatsimikizira. Ana ali 50% amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo makolo awo akamakambirana nawo za kuwopsa kwawo . Nthawi zambiri, achinyamata amakhala anzeru kuposa momwe timayembekezera ndipo amakhala olandila zabwino ngakhale atakhala kuti sakuwonetsa kunja.

Tsoka ilo, umboni ukusonyeza kuti makolo ambiri sakucheza ndi ana awo. Chokha Achinyamata 22% akuti akukambirana ndi makolo awo za kuopsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo .

Chowonadi ndi chakuti, achinyamata akuyang'ana ndikumvetsera zomwe achikulire omwe amakhala nawo akunena. Chifukwa chakuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri kumakhala njira yonyalanyaza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika, pafupifupi wachinyamata m'modzi mwa anayi amakhulupirira kuti makolo awo sangakhale ndi nkhawa kwambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala.

Chida chanu champhamvu kwambiri pothana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika mwina mungayambe kukambirana ndi ana anu.

Malembo oyankhulira kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala a achinyamata

Kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku kuyambitsa zokambirana ndi mwana wanu ndi njira imodzi. Nazi njira zingapo.

• Mumatenga mankhwala
• Mwana kusukulu amakhala pamavuto chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala
• Nkhani zakomweko zakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mukayamba kukambirana ndi achinyamata zakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, afunseni kuti afotokozerepo za mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo muyambe kukambirana za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti mukambirane zakukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Kugawana zowona za sukulu, zochitika, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi chidwi amatha kuphunzitsa zamankhwala kwinakwake atatsata zikhulupiriro zomwe achinyamata angakhulupirire. Ngakhale achichepere ali ndi nkhawa ndi zovuta zina kapena zoopsa zina, atha kuganiza kuti maubwino ake amapitilira zoopsa zake; mwina chifukwa samvetsetsa zoopsa.

Makolo amatenga gawo lofunikira pogawana zowona zamankhwala azamankhwala, ndipo pali zochepa zofunika kuzifuna.

Zoona zake: Mankhwala omwe munthu angapatsidwe akhoza kukhala osokoneza bongo monganso mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kulankhula: Anthu ambiri sakudziwa momwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo angakhalire osokoneza bongo. Nthawi zina amakhala osokoneza bongo kuposa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo siwo okhawo omwe amachita mtawuniyi akafika pakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Komabe 27% ya achinyamata ganizirani kuti mankhwala omwe mukulembedwayo samangokhala osokoneza bongo ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zachisoni, chikhulupiriro chakuti kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala mosavutikira ndiwonso makolo 16%.

Zoona: Mankhwala a mankhwala siabwinobwino

Kulankhula: Mankhwala amaperekedwa ndi madokotala, omwe amayang'ana mlingo wanu kuti atsimikizire kuti ndi oyenera kwa inu. Mankhwala aliwonse amatha kukhala osayembekezereka kapena kukhala ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito kale. Ndicho chifukwa chake simuyenera kutenga mankhwala pokhapokha atakulemberani.

Ndi ana anu, ndikofunikira kutsindika kuthekera kwa mankhwala kukhala opindulitsa komanso owopsa. Mankhwala osankhidwa sikuti ndiotetezeka kwa munthu aliyense, ndichifukwa chake madotolo, othandizira azaumoyo, komanso akatswiri azamankhwala amafufuza mokwanira mbiri za odwala asanapereke mankhwala.

Ngakhale mankhwala owonjezera pa mankhwala amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Lolani mwana wanu wachinyamata adziwe kuti zotsatirazi sizingakhale zosayembekezereka, ndipo zitha kuwonekera pambuyo pake ngati sizichitika pambuyo pa mlingo woyamba. Kumwa mankhwala thupi lanu silikusowa kumawonjezera kuthekera kwakuti thupi lanu lingawonongeke.

Muuzeni mwana wanu kuti adziwe kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika.

• Kugunda kwamtima kosasintha
• Kuchepetsa zochitika zamaubongo ndikuganiza
• Kusintha kwa kutentha kwa thupi kukhala lowopsa komanso lotsika
• Kugwidwa
• Mtima, impso, kapena chiwindi kulephera
• Zowonjezera zakufa kapena kuvulala koopsa
• Kusintha kwa malingaliro
• Ntchito yolephera, sukulu, ndi zochitika zina

Zoona zake: Mankhwala osokoneza bongo sangakuthandizeni kuchita bwino kusukulu

Kulankhula: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo molakwika si njira yabwino yothetsera masewera kapena sukulu. Ngati mulibe ADHD, kumwa Adderall (kapena mankhwala ofanana) sikungathandize chifukwa mankhwalawa sanapangidwe kuti alimbikitse ubongo. Amapangidwa kuti azichitira ADHD.

Sikuti aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mopitirira muyeso. Ngakhale achichepere olimbikira ntchito komanso olimbikira akhoza kukhulupirira kuti pali zabwino zina pakumwa mankhwala osavomerezeka.

Kuyankhula ndi mwana wanu mukamaganiza kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwana wanu wayamba kale kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika malangizo, musachite popanda dongosolo lomveka. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuyankhula momasuka ndi mwana wanu:

• Dikirani mpaka nthawi yoyenera. Musayese kulankhula ndi achinyamata anu mpaka atakhala oledzera. Ngati iwo ndi okwera, aledzera, kapena atakakamizidwa, dikirani mpaka nthawi ina kuti mudzakambirane.
• Musakhale osamveka. Uzani mwana wanu wachinyamata chifukwa chake mumakhudzidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kodi mwapeza botolo lopanda kanthu? Kodi mudamuwona akutenga mapiritsi awiri m'malo mwa omwe adalamulidwa? M'malo mongonena, ndikudziwa kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo! Nenani, ndili ndi nkhawa chifukwa ndinakuwonani mukumwa mapiritsi atatu nthawi imodzi, zomwe sizili bwino. Zonse zili bwino?
• Khalani odekha. Pewani kuchita zinthu mwamphamvu komanso kukwiyitsa mwana wanu. Khalanibe odekha momwe mungathere ndikutsatira zenizeni. Mwana wanu akhoza kukwiya ndipo amakwiya kwambiri, koma mukufuna kuti musayang'ane zomwe mungachite.
• Gawani malingaliro anu. Adziwitseni momwe mumamvera pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikukumbutsa ana anu kuti mumawakonda ndipo mukufuna kuwathandiza.
• Pezani thandizo. Ngati mukufuna kubweza, yesani kucheza ndi mlangizi wa sukulu kapena namwino za momwe mungathandizire mwana wanu. Nthawi zina, kutenga nawo gawo kwachinyamata pulogalamu yothandizira kungakhale kofunikira kuti achire.

Pomwe zingatheke, tsindikani kufunika kokhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mosamala.

Kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala a achinyamata: Malingaliro kwa alangizi ndi aphunzitsi

Monga wothandizira kapena mphunzitsi, simungathe kulepheretsa achinyamata kupeza mankhwala osokoneza bongo kunyumba, koma mutha kutsindika kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa anthu ena.

Achinyamata ena angafunike kumva maphunziro olondola okhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuchokera kumagwero angapo komanso kwa anthu ena kupatula makolo awo. Aphunzitsi ndi othandizira amatha kukhala othandizira, osakhala makolo kwa ana awa. Mu bukhuli, mupeza zokambirana ndi ziwerengero.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo motsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Pali kusiyana pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Iyi ndi nkhani yovuta ndipo zifukwa zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo zitha kukhala zovuta. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti zomwe zimayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kukhala ndi vuto losokoneza bongo sizofanana.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika, monganso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kumatha kukhala kapena kumapangitsa kuti musakhale osokoneza bongo.

• Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala: Mwachidule, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala akuchipatala kunja kwa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kumwa mankhwala a munthu wina, kugwiritsa ntchito mwadala mlingo waukulu kuposa woperekayo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala anu pacholinga chomwe cholinga chake sichinakonzedwe ndi woperekayo.
• Kuledzera kwamankhwala: Matenda opatsirana, ovuta omwe amakhudza thupi lonse ndikupangitsa kusintha mkati mwa ubongo. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amafotokozedwa mwachipatala ngati vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (DUD).

Ngati mwana wanu akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika, sizitanthauza kuti mwana wanu azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuledzera kumatha kupezeka ndi wothandizira zaumoyo pambuyo pofufuza kwathunthu zaumoyo wa wodwalayo komanso zomwe adakumana nazo pomupatsa mankhwala.

Kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala kwa mwana wanu kumathandiza kupewa kuledzera mtsogolo. Zomwe mumachita lero kuti muyambe kukambirana ndikugawana zambiri ndi mwana wanu zitha kuwongolera zisankho zamtsogolo komanso zisankho zamankhwala onse. Pamene akukula kukhala achikulire, achinyamata amasiku ano atha kuwona zambiri pamankhwala, mankhwala, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo pachikhalidwe chowazungulira, chifukwa chake amafunikira kuti muwapatse chidziwitso komanso kuzindikira tsopano.

Zowona zakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa achinyamata

Kafukufuku ndi malipoti okhudza kufa amawulula zowopsa pazotsatira zakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa achinyamata.

Kodi mankhwala 1 omwe achinyamata amagwiritsa ntchito ndi ati?

Pulogalamu ya Kuwunika Kafukufuku Wamtsogolo wa 2018 , wothandizidwa ndi National Institute on Drug Abuse, akuti pakati pa mankhwala omwe adalandira, 3.5% ya achinyamata akuti amagwiritsa ntchito Adderall, 1.7% ya achinyamata akuti amagwiritsa ntchito Oxycontin, 1.1% ya achinyamata akuti amagwiritsa ntchito Vicodin, ndipo 0.8% ya achinyamata akuti amagwiritsa ntchito Ritalin.

Ziwerengero za achinyamata

Gwero lodalirika kwambiri la achinyamata ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo limachokera pachaka Kuwunika Kafukufuku Wamtsogolo (MTF) Ophunzira aku grade eyiti, 10, ndi 12th aku U.S. Kafukufukuyu akuwulula zazofunikira pazomwe achinyamata amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ziwerengero zabwerera ku 1975.

Ziwerengero za achinyamata ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo 2016

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2016 MTF, nazi magawo za omwe anafunsidwa omwe akuti amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa chaka chatha (ziwerengero zamagetsi sizinalembedwe).

• Chamba: 22.6%
• Adderall: 3.9%
• Mpweya: 2.1%
• Vicodin: 1.8%
• Cocaine: 1.4%
• Ritalin: 1.1%
• Heroin: 0,3%

Ziwerengero za achinyamata ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo 2017

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa MTF wa 2017, nazi magawo za omwe anafunsidwa omwe anena kuti akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa chaka chatha.

• Chamba: 23.9%
• Kujambula: 21.5%
• Adderall: 3.5%
• Mpweya: 1.9%
• Cocaine: 1.6%
• Vicodin: 1.3%
• Ritalin: 0.8%
• Heroin: 0,3%

Ziwerengero zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala achichepere 2018

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2018 MTF, nazi magawo za omwe anafunsidwa omwe anena kuti akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa chaka chatha.

• Chamba: 24.3%
• Adderall: 3.5%
• Mpweya: 1.7%
• Cocaine: 1.5%
• Vicodin: 1.1%
• Ritalin: 0.8%
• Heroin: 0,3%

Malangizo othandizira kusunga mankhwala kunyumba

Makolo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mankhwala omwe ali nawo kunyumba othandizira kuteteza achinyamata awo.

• Pangani mndandanda wamankhwala onse ndikuwonetsetsa kuti akwaniritsidwanso liti. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuzindikira pamene mankhwala asowa.
• Werengani kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi mu botolo ngati mukuganiza kuti ena akusowa. Yerekezerani chiwerengerocho ndi nambala yomwe mudapatsidwa ku pharmacy.
• Kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, monga opha ululu, gulani kabati yotseka.
• Dziwani zizindikiro zakusagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala moyenera ndipo yang'anani machitidwe ndi zizindikilo zomwe zikugwirizana ndi izi.
• Muzicheza kwambiri ndi adotolo, aphunzitsi anu, ndi achikulire ena pamoyo wa mwana wanu.

Kulera achinyamata kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mosamala

Mukamakambirana izi, aloleni ana anu adziwe momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala moyenera ndikukhala athanzi:

• Kutsatira upangiri ndi malangizo: Ndikofunikira kutsatira machenjezo onse, upangiri waopereka, ndi malangizo ophatikizidwa ndi mankhwala. Izi zimaphatikizaponso chitsogozo chotsutsana ndi kumwa mankhwala a wina.
• Kukana mankhwala owonongeka kapena owonongeka: Fotokozani zoyenera kuchita ngati mankhwala awo akuwoneka kuti awonongeka, asokonezedwa, kapena atha ntchito. Adziwitseni kuti ayenera kumvera nzeru zawo ndikupewa kumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe angawoneke ngati osatetezeka popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.
• Kusunga mankhwala: Achinyamata ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mankhwala omwe ali ndi iwo asungidwa patali komanso kutali ndi ana aang'ono. Ngati phukusili limapereka malangizo apadera osungira, ndikofunikira kuwatsatira.
• Kulankhula za zovuta zosafunikira: Zotsatira zoyipa ziyenera kuuzidwa kwa dokotala kapena wamankhwala. Wothandizirayo atha kusankha kusintha mankhwalawo kapena kusintha mankhwalawo.
• Kudziwa zotsutsana ndi kuyanjana: Mankhwala ndi mankhwala owonjezera pa intaneti amatha kulumikizana wina ndi mnzake komanso ndi zowonjezera zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kuwerenga malembedwe mosamala: Achinyamata ayenera kudziwa kufunikira kowerengera zolemba ndi zolemba m'mabokosi.
• Kupeza zinthu zodalirika pa intaneti: Intaneti ili ndi mbiri yoyipa, koma masamba odalirika monga WebMD ndi Chipatala cha Mayo Tsambali ndi magwero azidziwitso zovomerezeka zaumoyo, kuphatikiza zambiri zamankhwala.
• Kudalira thandizo lakunja: Akuluakulu odalirika ndiwonso njira ina yopanda makolo.
• Kufunsa mafunso: Ana ayenera kulimbikitsidwa kuti azilankhula ndi wamankhwala komanso wothandizira zaumoyo ngati ali ndi mafunso azamankhwala.

Mwa kuphunzitsa achinyamata anu kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala moyenera, mukukhazikitsa malingaliro oyenera a mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena kwa moyo wawo wonse.