Nthawi yoyeseza mwana wanu

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Padziko lonse lapansi, kuchuluka kwa zolimbikitsira zomwe zimafala pakati pa ana asukulu zikuyandikira 40% mpaka 50%, malinga ndi World ziwengo Organisation (WAO). Ku United States, 6.5% ya ana amadwala zakudya, 7.7% ya ana ali ndi hay fever, ndipo 13.5% ya ana ali ndi chifuwa cha khungu, malinga ndi Kafukufuku wa National Health Interview Survey . Mfundo yofunika kwambiri: Matendawa ndi vuto lalikulu m'mabanja okhala ndi ana aang'ono.

Matendawa akakhala ovuta, amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Ana amatha kutaya tulo kapena kusowa sukulu atatha kutsokomola usiku wonse. Kapenanso, zikavuta, khalani ndi choopsa pakuluma kwa tizilombo kapena kuwonetsa chakudya. Makamaka ndi ziwengo za chakudya, ndikofunikira kuti mupeze komwe kumayambitsa matendawa posachedwa kuti mwana wanu atetezeke. Chakudya ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a anaphylaxis, omwe akukula mwachangu komanso owopsa, kwa ana, omwe amawerengera mpaka 81% yamilandu, atero a Lakiea Wright, MD, director director of U.S. Thermo Fisher Sayansi .

Ngati mwana wanu akuyetsemula nthawi zina pachaka, kapena akupanga ming'oma atadya pang'ono - zomwe sizimayang'aniridwa ndi mankhwala a ziwengo - ikhoza kukhala nthawi yoti muganizire kuyesa ziwengo .

Mukazindikira msanga zomwe zimayambitsa, posachedwa mutha kuchiza matenda kuti mwana wanu abwerere kumoyo wokhazikika.

Kodi kuyesa ziwengo ndi chiyani?

Kuyeserera kwa ziwengo ndi njira yoyesera khungu, kuyesa magazi, kapena kuyerekezera zakudya zomwe zimayesa kuzindikira kukhudzidwa ndi zovuta zina monga:

• Mungu chomera
• Nkhungu
• Zinyama zanyama
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
• Zakudya (monga mtedza, mazira, mkaka, nkhono, kapena tirigu)
• Mankhwala

Mayesowa atha kuthandizira kuti azindikire kuti ali ndi vuto la chakudya ndi zina zambiri, a Wright akutero. Mwachitsanzo, pali kuyesa komwe kumapezeka pazowonongeka zachilengedwe monga nthata, nkhungu, dander wa nyama, ndi mungu. Mtundu wa kuyezetsa umasiyanasiyana, kutengera ngati mwana wanu ali ndi ziwengo zachilengedwe kapena chakudya.

Kodi ndi liti pamene makolo ayenera kulingalira za kuyesa ana?

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyesedwa kwa ziwengo ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la kupuma ngati mphumu kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Mwana aliyense amene ali ndi nkhawa ndi zovuta za chilengedwe ayenera kuyezetsa magazi, atero Gary Soffer, MD , wothandizira pulofesa wazachipatala ku Yale Sukulu ya Mankhwala . Izi zimathandizira kuwongolera malingaliro athu popewa zomwe zingayambitse, komanso kuthekera kwa immunotherapy mtsogolo. Zofala Zizindikiro za chifuwa kapena zovuta zomwe ana amachita zimaphatikizapo:

• Rhinitis (kupopera, kupanikizana, mphuno, kapena kupopera m'mphuno)
• Tsokomola
• Kutentha
• Ziphuphu pakhungu
• Ming'oma
• Maso oyabwa kapena khungu
• Mavuto akudya (kukokana, mseru, kusanza, kapena kutsegula m'mimba)

Ana omwe ali ndi ziwengo zachilengedwe, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri ali ndi mphuno, maso oyabwa, ndi kuyetsemekeza, akutero Dr. Soffer. Chizindikiro chokhudza kwambiri, kwa ine, ndikutulutsa mkamwa ndikupumira mkamwa chifukwa zimatanthauza kuti mwanayo sagona tulo tofa nato.

Kuyesa kwa ziweto ana kungathandize kudziwa ngati zizindikiro za mwana wanu ndizokhudzana ndi matendawa kapena zimayambitsidwa ndi chinthu china.

Komabe, ngati mukungokayikira kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi chidwi chakudya, kuyesa sikumveka nthawi zonse. Kuyesa ngati ali ndi chifuwa cha zakudya sikuyenera kuchitika popanda mbiri yakale ya zamankhwala, akufotokoza Dr. Soffer. Magawo azakudya omwe, mwatsoka, omwe amatumizidwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ziwonetsero zabwino kwambiri zabodza ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangitsa kupeŵa chakudya mosafunikira. Ndikofunikira kuti mukambirane zotsatira zanu ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino yemwe ali ndi zida zothandizira zovuta zakumwa.

Ndani angayese mwana kuti adwale chifuwa?

Ngati dokotala wa ana akuganiza kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi chifuwa, angakutumizireni kuti mukawone wodwala kapena katswiri wazamankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti ali ndi vuto linalake komanso amayesedwa.

Kodi mwana wanu ayenera kukhala ndi zaka zingati kuti ayesedwe?

Makolo ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ana ayenera kufika msinkhu winawake chifuwa chisanayambike. Mwakutero, ana amsinkhu uliwonse atha kukhala ndi kuyesa mayeso a chifuwa malinga ndi American College of ziwengo, mphumu, & Immunology (ACAAI).

Kuyesa magazi kosavuta kumatha kuchitika msinkhu uliwonse (kuyambira makanda mpaka okalamba), a Wright akuvomereza. Mwana akamagwidwa ndi ziwengo, amatha kuwonekera koyamba pa msinkhu uliwonse. Ana ena amasiya kuyanjana ndi zinthu zina, monga mkaka ndi dzira, akamakula, koma kusagwirizana ndi zakudya monga mtedza kumangokhala.

Kodi amayesa bwanji ana ngati ali ndi chifuwa?

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya kuyesa ziwengo :

• Kuyesa khungu
• Kuyesa magazi
• Kuchotsa mayeso azakudya

Kutengera mtundu wa ziwengo zomwe akuwakayikira, wothandizirayo azisankha mayeso oyenerera kapena oyeserera. Kuzindikira kuti zakudya siziyenda bwino ndikovuta, atero Dr. Wright. Kuphatikiza pakupeza zambiri zamankhwala kuchokera kwa wodwalayo, ma allergen ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi ndi khungu kuti atsimikizire matenda. Izi ndi zomwe mungayembekezere mayeso a ziwengo za mwana wanu.

Kuyesedwa kwa khungu

Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya mayeso a khungu kwa ana ndi kuyezetsa kapena kuyesa, kuyesa kwa intradermal, ndi kuyesa kwa patch. Kuyezetsa khungu kumakhala kotsika mtengo kwambiri ndipo kumakhala ndi chiyembekezo chokwanira cha chifuwa, Dr. Soffer akuti. Poyesa khungu, wothandizirayo amathira pang'ono pokha pazakhungu la mwana wanu ndi singano. Pakuyesa kwa intradermal, wodwala matendawa amalowetsa pang'ono pang'ono pazakhungu zonse pakhungu la mwana wanu. Pakuyesa kwama patch, ma allergen amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomatira, omwe amavala padzanja kwa maola 48. Ngati mwana wanu sagwirizana ndi vuto linalake, padzakhala chotupa chofiira, chomwe chimawoneka ngati cholumidwa ndi udzudzu.

Kawirikawiri mwana wanu amatha kuyesedwa pamayeso oyeserera kapena kuyeserera kwa intradermal mkati mwa mphindi 20 kapena zochepa, ngakhale nthawi zina kufiira kumatha kuwonekera patatha maola angapo kapena mpaka maola 48 pambuyo poyesedwa. Wogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayang'ana momwe angachitire poyesa kachilomboka nthawi yoikika atachotsa chigambacho. Kwa ana omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu, kuyesa khungu nthawi zina kumayambitsa anaphylaxis.

Kuyesa magazi

Pali mitundu yambiri yoyesera magazi, kutengera zomwe akukayikira kuti ndi allergen. Kuyesa magazi nthawi zambiri kumafunikira pazifukwa zambiri ndipo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosankhira khungu, Dr. Soffer akufotokoza.

Kuyezetsa magazi kumathandizanso kuzindikira mapuloteni enaake omwe amachititsa kuti zakudya zisayende-kuyezetsa kotereku kumatchedwa kuyesa kwa allergen, Dr. Wright akuti. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto lakumwa mkaka, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mbiri yazachipatala ya mwana wanu pamodzi ndi zotsatira zoyeserera kwa zinthu zina kuti mudziwe ngati mwana wanu akuyenera kupewa mkaka wamtundu uliwonse kapena ngati mwana wanu angalekerere kuphika zopangidwa mkaka monga makeke, mikate, kapena muffins.

Mwana wanu adzakoka magazi, ndipo amalandila zotsatira zoyeseza pambuyo poti labu yachita izi — makamaka m'modzi mwa masiku awiri. Wodwala wanu amatha kulangiza kuyesa magazi ngati mwana wanu ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi zovuta chifukwa palibe chiopsezo chilichonse.

Kuchotsa mayeso azakudya

Anthu akamaganiziridwa kuti ali ndi vuto lodana ndi zakudya, odwala matendawa akhoza kulangiza anthu zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimachotsa zakudya zina zomwe zitha kuyambitsa mavuto ena.

Zakudya zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndimkaka, dzira, chiponde, mtedza wamitengo, tirigu, soya, nsomba ndi nkhono, malinga ndi KUCHITA . Allergists angalimbikitse zakudya zopatsirana kwa mlungu umodzi kapena kupitilira apo, ndipo amayang'anira momwe zakudya zimachotsedwera. Ngati zakudya zochotsa zakudya ndizovuta kutsatira, kapena wotsutsa amakayikira kuti mwana wanu wamwalira chifukwa chakulephera kudya, atha kuyesa vuto la chakudya-kupereka pang'ono pokha chakudya chomwe mukuganiza kuti sichingachitike.

Tikadziwa kuti wodwala sagwirizana ndi cholinga choyamba cha kasamalidwe ndikupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, Dr. Soffer akufotokoza. Timagwira ntchito ndi mabanja m'njira zowongolera chilengedwe cha mwana wawo. Ngati izi sizothandiza, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri mankhwala amafunikira kapena kuwombera.

Zimakhala zowopsa mukayikira kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi ziwengo, koma mukazindikira msanga zomwe zimayambitsa zisonyezo, posachedwa mutha kudziwa dongosolo lamankhwala kuti muchotse-ndikubwerera m'moyo wabwinobwino.

Kodi kuyezetsa magazi kumawononga ndalama zingati?

Mtengo woyesa ziwengo umatha kuyambira $ 60 mpaka masauzande masauzande, motero ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti musankhe mayeso oyenera a mwana wanu. Kuyesa kwa khungu kumayambira pa $ 60 mpaka $ 300. Kuyesa magazi kumatha kutenga $ 200 mpaka $ 1,000, malinga ndi Maziko a ABIM . Kutengera ndikudziwika kwanu, inshuwaransi yazaumoyo ikhoza kapena siyingaphimbe mayesowa.

Makhadi ochotsera ma Pharmacy, monga SingleCare, atha kuthandiza kuchepetsa mtengo wazamankhwala, monga Zyrtec (cetirizine), Allegra (fexofenadine), Claritin (loratadine), kapena Benadryl (diphenhydramine).