Mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Zomwe muyenera kudziwa

Zambiri Zamankhwala

Zaka zapitazo, pamene ndinali ndi vuto la matenda a maganizo, dokotala wanga anandiuza mankhwala amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu. Ndinasokonezeka. Kodi nchifukwa ninji dokotala wanga amandipatsa mankhwala osonyezedwa kuti ali ndi vuto lina? Kodi chinali chithandizo chabwinobwino kuyesa mankhwala pazinthu zatsopano? Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito koteroko ndibwino?

Mwinanso zidakuchitikirani: Ntchito yanu yazachipatala imatumiza mankhwala ku pharmacy yanu, ndiye mumaphunzira kuti mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ena mosiyana ndi zomwe mumakumana nazo. Izi zimatchedwa off-label prescribing (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti kukhazikitsa kwa ntchito yosavomerezeka). Koma chikuchita chiyani kwenikweni kutanthauza?

Kodi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi ati?

Dipatimenti ya Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ikaunika mankhwala atsopano, kampani yopanga mankhwala yomwe ikufuna kuvomerezedwa iyenera kupereka umboni wa sayansi - monga zotsatira zamayeso azachipatala - kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito. Mankhwala akalandira chivomerezo cha FDA (pambuyo povomereza kwa nthawi yayitali), ndiye kuti amuthandize makamaka matenda, ndi chisonyezo chokhacho. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwina kulikonse kwa mankhwala sikupezeka.

Kodi kukwezedwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndizovomerezeka?

Kampani yopanga mankhwala ikayamba kugulitsa mankhwalawa, imangotchula momwe mankhwalawo akuvomerezedwera. Kutsatsa kopanda zolemba , kapena kutsatsa mankhwala pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe sizinavomerezedwe, atha kusiya kampani yopanga mankhwala kutsegulidwa. Ndizoletsedwa.

Kodi madokotala amaloledwa kupereka mankhwala osokoneza bongo?

Dokotala akamakupatsani mankhwala oti musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zikutanthauza kuti amamulembera mankhwalawo kunja kwa zovomerezeka zake. Ndizovomerezeka ku United States, ndipo ndizofala, kuti madokotala azilemba zilembo. M'malo mwake, odwala ambiri sazindikira ngakhale pamene mankhwala akuchokera kwa omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito movomerezeka.

Nthawi zina, ziwonetsero za FDA zimakhala zachindunji pamiyeso kapena mawonekedwe a wodwala (monga kugonana), m'malo mongokhala nkhani yachipatala yokha. Chitsanzo chabwino cha izi ndi zaka zakubadwa-mayesero ambiri azachipatala amayesa mankhwala kwa achikulire osati ana, motero kupereka mankhwalawa kwa odwala achichepere kumagwera pansi pa ambulera yogwiritsira ntchito, kapena yosavomerezeka.

Chifukwa chiyani madotolo amalamula kuti mankhwala azichotsedwa?

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chifukwa choti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikupezeka, sizitanthauza kuti sikudzakhala chithandizo. Chifukwa chomwe mankhwala akuchipatala amagwiritsidwira ntchito kwambiri pamakalata ndi othandiza, akutero Amber Cann , Pharm.D, mwini wa Mphamvu ya Venus . Njira yopeza mankhwala kudzera pakuyesa kwamankhwala ndikuvomerezedwa ndi FDA zitha kutenga zaka makumi awiri, ndipo ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri, akufotokoza. Nthawi zambiri sizikhala mkati mwa chidwi cha omwe amapanga mankhwalawa kuti apeze zizindikiritso zina mankhwalawa atagulitsidwa.

Nthawi zina, wopanga mankhwala azigulitsa ndalama zowonjezerapo, kuti athe kugulitsa mankhwalawa chifukwa chaichi, Dr. Cann akutero. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Paxil (paroxetine), adakhalapo kwakanthawi wopanga, GlaxoSmithKline, atafunsanso zina pazolemba phukusi la matenda amisala komanso kukakamira.

Zosintha izi ndizochepa-ndipo zikachitika, zimatenga nthawi. Zitha kutenga zaka malembo asanalembedwe ndi zidziwitso zaposachedwa kwambiri zakusonyeza kuti mankhwala atha kukhala othandiza pamavuto ena, atero Amarish Dave , MD, katswiri wamaubongo komanso wothandizana naye woyang'anira zamankhwala ku Chifundo ku Illinois. M'zaka zapitazi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatha kupatsa odwala chisamaliro chabwino.

Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu zamankhwala osalemba

Ngati muli ndi chidwi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mukuchita nawo mantha - zili ndi ufulu wanu wodwala kufunsa mafunso. Mungafune kudziwa:

• Kodi mankhwalawa sakhala odziwika chifukwa cha vutoli?
• Kodi mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa kuchiza chiyani?
• Nchifukwa chiyani dokotala wanu akukupatsani mankhwalawa?
• Kodi mankhwalawa azitha bwanji matendawa?
• Zotsatira zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi maubwino amankhwala ochotsera kwina ndi ati?
• Kodi inshuwaransi yazaumoyo wanu ingalipira mankhwalawa chifukwa cha izi?

Madokotala ambiri komanso akatswiri azamankhwala amasangalala kukambirana zatsopano komanso chitetezo cha mankhwala ngati wodwala ali ndi nkhawa.

Kodi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhala ndi inshuwaransi ndi Medicare?

Mungafunike kufufuza kuti mudziwe ngati inshuwaransi yanu, Medicare, kapena Medicaid izikhala ndi mankhwala osalemba. Kuphunzira kumadalira mankhwalawo - komanso zomwe dokotala wakuuzani kuti muchiritse. Kubwezera mankhwala omwe sanatchulidwe nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta, popeza makampani a inshuwaransi atha kukhala oopa kulipira pazifukwa zachinyengo. Izi zikakuchitikirani, lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kapena wamankhwala za mankhwala ena. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito chida chosakira mtengo cha SingleCare kuti muwone ngati ndalama zathu zasintha mtengo wamtengo wapatali.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito zilembo

Kulemba mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumapereka mwayi kwa asing'anga ngati mankhwala amodzi sakukuthandizani. Ndizothandiza makamaka pazinthu zosawerengeka zomwe zimakhala ndi njira zochepa zochiritsira. Mwachitsanzo, chemotherapy nthawi zambiri imavomerezedwa mtundu umodzi wokha wa khansa. Madokotala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zilembozo kuti akwaniritse mitundu yambiri.

Nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito zilembo kungakusungireni ndalama. Nthawi zambiri mankhwala ochiritsira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda chizindikiro omwe atha kukhala ndi cholinga chofanana ndi mankhwala 'ovomerezeka' amakhala otsika mtengo kwambiri, a Dr. Dave akutero. Maubwino ena amaphatikizanso zovuta zina.

Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito zilembo

Monga mankhwala aliwonse, pakhoza kukhala zowopsa. Chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sikunakhalepo mwamphamvu pakuyesa kwamankhwala ndi kuyesa, monga zidachitidwira ntchito zovomerezeka, pakhoza kukhala zovuta zina zosayembekezereka. Koma Dr. Dave akuti, Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi mbiri yodziwika bwino.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Pali zochitika zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zimalowa mgululi. Dokotala amatha kupatsa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana a tricyclic kuti athetse ADHD, kapena kupatsanso mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, monga Topiramate, kuti athetse vuto la kukhumudwa.

Nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito zilembo sizofala kwambiri kumakhala njira ya chachikulu gwiritsani. Sizodziwika kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zilembo pamapeto pake kumakhala kovomerezeka ndi FDA. Minoxidil ndi mankhwala akale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthamanga kwa magazi, Dr. Cann akutero. Anapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto [pamenepo] loyipa lolimbikitsa kukula kwa tsitsi. Mankhwalawa tsopano kwambiri Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ngati mankhwala oopsa, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala okula tsitsi. Tsopano tikudziwa kuti… Rogaine.

Mankhwala ena omwe olemba omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndi awa:

Dzina la Mankhwala	Ntchito Yovomerezeka	Chizindikiro Chosankhidwa Kwa
Prazosin HCL	Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa	Zowopsa / PTSD
clomiphene-citrate	Chithandizo cha kusabereka kwa amayi	Chithandizo cha kusabereka mwa amuna
Namenda	Kuchiza kwa Matenda a Alzheimer's	Chithandizo cha ADHD ndi OCD kwa ana
Zowononga	Kuchiza kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi	ADHD, Kutentha Kwambiri, Tourette's Syndrome
Masewera	Mankhwala a antipsychotic othandizira chithandizo cha schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder ndi Major Depression Disorder	Kusowa Tulo, Kuda Nkhawa, OCD, Psychosis kuchokera ku Matenda a Parkinson
topiramate	Anticonvulsant yothandizira kukomoka, kupewa migraine	Matenda amisala, PTSD, kuchepa thupi
sildenafil citrate	Kulephera kwa Erectile (mwa amuna	Matenda azimayi ogonana
magwire	Chithandizo cha khunyu	Matenda a Bipolar, Kutentha Kwambiri, Matenda a Neuropathy
mankhwala	Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa	Kuda nkhawa
Tegretol	Anticonvulsant yothandizira kukomoka	Matenda a Bipolar, ADHD