Kodi muyenera kumwa aspirin tsiku lililonse?

Zambiri Zamankhwala

Kutenga aspirin ya tsiku ndi tsiku kwa nthawi yayitali kwalimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri a mtima monga njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza yothandizira kupewa zochitika zamtima monga matenda amtima ndi zikwapu, zomwe ndizomwe zimapha anthu ku United States. Aspirin ali ndi luso lochepetsa magazi ndipo amalimbana ndi mapangidwe am'magazi omwe amatha kuletsa magazi kutuluka m'mitsempha ndikumayambitsa matenda amtima.

Kafukufuku awiri omwe atulutsidwa posachedwa, otchedwa AKWERERE ndipo FIKA , akayikira malangizowa, makamaka kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri athanzi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito aspirin ngati njira yochepetsera chiopsezo chawo chodwala matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Malingana ndi maphunziro awa, American Heart Association (AHA) ndi American College of Cardiology (ACC) posachedwapa asintha malingaliro awo pakugwiritsa ntchito ma aspirin tsiku lililonse, pozindikira kuti kwa anthu ambiri aku America, makamaka achikulire athanzi komanso omwe ali ndi ziwopsezo zotaya magazi, zoopsa amaposa phindu.

Pali kafukufuku wosonyeza kufa komanso kutuluka magazi kwambiri popanda kuchepa kwa mtima wamatenda mwa anthu athanzi omwe amatenga aspirin tsiku lililonse, atero a Erin Michos, MD, MHS, director director of the cardiology in Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine amenenso adatumikira komiti yolemba ya Ndondomeko ya 2019 AHA / ACC yokhudza Kuteteza Kwambiri Matenda a Mtima . Mwa anthu opanda mbiri yamatenda amtima kapena popanda zoopsa zake, kugwiritsa ntchito ma aspirin tsiku lililonse kumatha kuvulaza koposa zabwino.

Aspirin a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi matenda amtima

Ambiri matenda a mtima ndipo sitiroko ndi zotsatira za anatseka magazi , malinga ndi AHA. Izi zimachitika pamene chipika chokhala ndi mafuta chopangidwa ndi cholesterol, zinyalala zama cell, calcium, ndi zinthu zina chimakhazikika pamakoma a mtsempha wamagazi. Chipilala chimachepetsa mitsempha yomwe imapangitsa kuti magazi azidutsa. Mapale atang'ambika amathanso kuyambitsa kupangika kwa magazi omwe amatha kukhala m'mitsempha ndi kuwatseka. Magazi akamafika pamtima amakhudzidwa, zimadwala matenda amtima. Ngati magazi amathamangira kuubongo, sitiroko imatha kuchitika.

Aspirin amadziwika kuti mankhwala a antiplatelet. Ma Platelet ndimaselo ang'onoang'ono amwazi omwe amathandizira magazi kuundana. Aspirin amachepetsa magazi ndikusokoneza magwiridwe ake, kupangitsa kuti magazi aziundana pang'ono pang'ono amatha kupanga komanso kutseka mitsempha. Ngakhale kafukufuku wina wanena kuti aspirin imatha kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi (kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chiopsezo cha matenda amtima), akatswiri amachenjeza kuti maphunzirowo sanachitike bwino ndipo zotsatira zake zakhala zotsutsana.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ma aspirin tsiku lililonse

Mmodzi mwa asanu anthu omwe agwidwa ndi vuto limodzi la mtima adzagonekedwa m'chipatala wina mzaka zisanu, atero a AHA. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito aspirin ya mlingo wochepa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yokhudzana ndi matenda amtima chifukwa kafukufuku-ena Maphunziro 200 mwa anthu opitilira 200,000 -Kuwonetsa kumachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi chochitika chachiwiri chamtima. Chimodzi mwamafukufuku oyamba osonyeza kulumikizana chidasindikizidwa mu Lancet mu 1988 ndipo adawonetsa kuti mwezi umodzi wogwiritsa ntchito ma aspirin ochepa adayamba atangodwala matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko Imfa ya 25 mwa odwala 1,000 ndi 10-15 zochitika zamtima zosafunikira .

Kodi phindu lina la aspirin ndi liti?

• Zikuwoneka kuti zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa khansa, makamaka khansa ya m'matumbo, koma pakufunika kafukufuku wina.
• Imapezeka kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo.

Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito aspirin tsiku lililonse

Aspirin angawoneke ngati mankhwala osavulaza okwanira, koma, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepalayo PLoS Mmodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito aspirin kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha munthu kutuluka magazi m'matumbo mwa 40% . Ndipo ngakhale mungaganize kuti kutuluka m'matumbo ndikofunikira kupwetekedwa mtima, ganiziraninso.

Pali zifukwa zomveka zokhalira ndi aspirin, koma si mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwathunthu, zolemba Christina Wee, MD , MPH, pulofesa wothandizira zamankhwala ku Harvard Medical School komanso wolemba nawo zaposachedwa nkhani lofalitsidwa muZolengeza za Mankhwala Amkatipa kuchuluka kwa aspirin yogwiritsira ntchito njira yoyamba yopewera matenda amtima. Ngati muli ndi zaka zapakati kapena zazing'ono komanso wathanzi, zilonda zotuluka magazi ndizomwe mungachiritse. Koma ngati ndinu wofooka kapena wamkulu wachikulire yemwe ali ndi zovuta zoyambitsa, chilonda chakumwacho chimatha kukupangitsani kuti muchepetse magazi ambiri, omwe atha kupangitsa kuti matenda a mtima awone momwe mtima wanu uyenera kupopera mwamphamvu kwambiri kuti mutenge magazi onyamula mpweya ku dongosolo lanu.

Kutuluka m'mimba kumatha kukhala kwakukulu, akuwonjezera Dr. Michos. Zitha kubweretsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, ndipo zimatha kupsinjika mumtima mwanu. Kutuluka magazi sichinthu chaching'ono. Zitha kuyambitsa matenda ambiri komanso kufa.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi kumeneku, Malangizo a AHA / ACC popewa kupewa matenda amtima ndi kusintha kwa ma aspirin. Ngakhale tikulangizidwabe kuti omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko amagwiritsa ntchito aspirin yocheperako tsiku lililonse kuti ateteze chochitika china cha mtima (omwe ali ndi ma stents kapena adachita opareshoni) zinthu ndizosiyana kwa iwo omwe alibe mtima matenda. Malangizo atsopanowa tsopano akulangiza za kugwiritsa ntchito aspirin popewa matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko m'magulu ena omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotaya magazi mkati.

Odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi awa:

• iwo omwe ali ndi zaka 70 kapena kupitilira omwe akuyesera kuti ateteze vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko yoyamba
• iwo azaka zilizonse omwe ali ndi matenda (monga zilonda zam'mimba) kapena amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mongaanticoagulants kapena nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, kapena NSAIDS, monga ibuprofen ) zomwe zitha kukweza chiwopsezo chotaya magazi.

Bwanji ngati simunapeze matenda a mtima koma muli ndi zifukwa zina zazikulu zoopsa za matendawa — mwachitsanzo, mumasuta kapena muli ndi matenda a shuga? Kugwiritsa ntchito aspirin kungakhale koyenera, koma mufunika thandizo la dokotala poyesa ndikufotokozera zoopsa zanu. Ngati mwalangizidwa kuti musiye kumwa aspirin, musadandaule za mavuto azaumoyo. Kuletsa aspirin kuzizira sikuyenera kubweretsa zoopsa zilizonse, atero Dr. Michos.

Kodi muyenera kumwa aspirin wochuluka bwanji patsiku?

Kafukufuku wambiri wokhudzana ndi aspirin komanso kupewa kupwetekedwa kwa mtima amayang'ana kwambiri ma aspirin ochepetsa mphamvu tsiku lililonse (omwe nthawi zina amatchedwa aspirin ya ana, yomwe ndi vuto losazindikira chifukwa makanda sayenera kumwa aspirin), yotchedwa 75-100 mg patsiku. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu BMJ , mlingo wapansiwu unapezeka kuti ukugwira ntchito mofanana ndi mlingo waukulu popewera matenda a mtima wachiwiri ndi zikwapu.

Koma musanafike piritsi, kambiranani ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo. Mbiri yanu yazachipatala ikhoza kukupangitsani kukhala woyenera kulandira mankhwala a aspirin tsiku lililonse, kapena dokotala wanu angaganize kuti mudzatumikiridwa bwino ndi ma statins ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachiza matenda amtima.

Kugwiritsa ntchito aspirin kapena ayi ndichinthu chomwe muyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu, akuchenjeza Dr. Michos. Chifukwa chakuti mankhwala monga aspirin amapezeka pa kauntala sizitanthauza kuti ndiotetezeka kapena koyenera. Kambiranani zonse zomwe mumatenga ndi dokotala wanu.