Zosankha zakulera: Ndi chiyani choyenera kwa inu?

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, amayi anali ndi zochepa (ngati zilipo) zosankha zakulera. Mawu oti kubereka sanagwiritsidwe ntchito ngakhale kufikira ma 1930. Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka adayamba kupezeka kwa azimayi mzaka zam'ma 1960 pomwe m'mbuyomu, panali njira zolepheretsa zokha. Kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri, azimayi amatha kuyang'anira kulera kwawo.

Gulu lamakono lamankhwala akulera lakula kupitirira mapiritsi, ma diaphragms, ndi kondomu. Koma kusankha njira zakulera ndichisankho chaumwini, ndipo ndikosavuta kumva kuti mwapanikizika ndi zosankha.

Pamapeto pake, chisankho chokhudza njira yolerera yoyenera kwa inu ndi pakati pa inu ndi dokotala wanu. Kulera kwanu koyenera kumadalira pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza ngati kusankha kwa mahomoni ndibwino, kusangalala kwanu ndi njira zazing'ono zamankhwala, ngati mungathe kumwa mankhwala akumwa pafupipafupi, ndi zina zambiri.

Mu bukhuli, tiwona mitundu yofala kwambiri yolerera. Tiyankha mafunso okhudza mitundu yolerera kuti tikuthandizeni kupanga chisankho chokhudzana ndi kulera kwanu.

Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njira zolerera ndi ziti?

Izi ndi njira zofala kwambiri zolerera.

• Mahomoni oletsa mapiritsi
• Zipangizo zamkati (aka IUDs)
• Zomera zakulera
• Kuwombera kwa kubereka
• Zigamba zolerera
• Zosankha zolepheretsa (mwachitsanzo, makondomu amuna, makondomu achikazi, masiponji)

Kodi kulera kumafuna ndalama zingati?

Mtengo wakulera umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira koma pafupipafupi, njira zakulera zitha kukhala pakati pa $ 0 ndi $ 50 pamwezi. Zosankha zina zakulera monga IUD, zitha kulipira $ 1,300 pakulipira kamodzi koma zikhala zaka zingapo.

Kodi njira yolera yothandiza kwambiri ndi iti?

Malinga ndi Kukhala Parenthood , njira ziwiri zothandiza kwambiri zakulera ndizopangira njira zolerera ndi ma IUD, omwe onse ndioposa 99%.

Njira zina zolerera monga mapiritsi olera, amadzitamandira mofananamo. Komabe, mapiritsi ndi njira zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yake sizothandiza kwenikweni pomwe ndondomekoyi siyosungidwa. Pachifukwachi, sali 99% ogwira ntchito moyenera.

Kodi njira zakulera zosagwiritsa ntchito mahomoni ndi ziti?

Pali njira zingapo zakulera zosagwiritsa ntchito mahomoni ochepa.

• Mkuwa IUDs (musagwiritse ntchito mahomoni)
• Njira zopinga (mwachitsanzo, makondomu achimuna, makondomu achikazi)
• Kuyika kwa kulera (kumagwiritsa ntchito progestin kokha, osati estrogen)
• Ma Hormonal IUDs (amagwiritsa ntchito progestin yokha, osati estrogen)
• Kuwombera kwa kubadwa (kumagwiritsa ntchito progestin kokha, osati estrogen)

Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya mutu waching'alang'ala, mukuyamwitsa, kapena muli ndi mbiri yamagazi, dokotala angakulimbikitseni kuti muyese njira yoletsa yopanda mahomoni kapena mahomoni otsika monga awa omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa.

Piritsi loletsa kubereka

Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka adayambitsa kayendetsedwe kabwino ka njira zolerera mzaka za m'ma 1960 ndipo imakhalabe yotchuka kwa azimayi masiku ano.

Kodi mapiritsi olera ndi otani?

Piritsi yolerera ndi njira yolerera ya mahomoni yomwe mumamwa pakamwa nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse. Mitundu yodziwika ndi awa:

Kodi mapiritsi olerera amagwira ntchito motani?

Njira zakulera zimagwira ntchito poletsa kutulutsa mazira. Poletsa kutulutsa mazira, umuna sungathe kufikira dziralo chifukwa palibe dzira lomwe umuna umatha kupangika. Mapiritsi oletsa kubereka amathandizanso ntchofu ya pachibelekero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti umunawo ufikire dzira.

Kodi mapiritsi a kulera ndi othandiza motani?

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito monga mwauzidwa, piritsi yolerera ndi 99% yothandiza. Komabe, ngati simumamwa mapiritsi nthawi imodzimodzi tsiku lililonse kapena kudumpha masiku palimodzi, zimakhala zosagwira kwenikweni. Ponseponse, ndimomwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, mapiritsi olera pafupifupi 91% yothandiza .

Kodi mumamwa bwanji mapiritsi olera?

Mumamwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka pakamwa (pakamwa) kamodzi patsiku pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Nthawi ya tsiku ilibe kanthu, koma iyenera kukhala yogwirizana.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mapiritsi a kulera ayambe kugwira ntchito?

Pafupifupi, mapiritsi olera amatenga masiku asanu ndi awiri kuti agwire bwino ntchito. Ngati mutayambitsa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka tsiku loyamba la msambo, komabe, akhoza kuyamba pomwepo. Opanga njira zolerera amalangiza kuti mugwiritse ntchito njira yachiwiri yolerera, monga makondomu, masiku asanu ndi awiri oyamba.

Zipangizo zamkati (IUD)

Ngakhale zida za intrauterine zakhala njira yolerera kuyambira 1909, sinali njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mpaka kupangidwa kwa IUD yamkuwa mzaka za 1960. Masiku ano, ma IUD ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poletsa kubereka (LARC).

Kodi IUD ndi chiyani?

Chida cha IUD (intrauterine) ndichida chaching'ono, chooneka ngati T chomwe chimayikidwa mchiberekero ndi OB-GYN. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma IUD: progestin IUDs (Mirena, Skyla, ndi Liletta) ndi ma IUD amkuwa (ParaGard).

Kodi IUD imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ma IUD amkuwa ndi progestin onse amagwira ntchito poletsa umuna kuti usafikire dzira. Maselo a umuna samachita bwino ndi mkuwa, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuti umuna ufikire dzira. Ma progestin IUD amatulutsa ntchentche m'mimba ndipo amapewa kutulutsa mazira (monga mapiritsi olera).

Kodi IUD ndiyothandiza motani?

IUD imagwira ntchito 99%. Popeza chipangizocho chimayikidwa ndi katswiri wazachipatala, pamakhala chiopsezo chochepa chogwiritsa ntchito opanda ungwiro monga momwe ziliri ndi mapiritsi oletsa kubala kapena makondomu. Ma IUD amkuwa ndi progestin amagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi. Komabe, ma IUD amkuwa amadziwika kuti ndi njira yolerera yodzidzimutsa ikaikidwa mpaka masiku asanu atagonana mosadziteteza.

Kodi IUD imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

IUD yamkuwa ndi imodzi mwazoletsa kutenga nthawi yayitali ndipo imagwira ntchito mpaka zaka 12. Progestin IUDs imatha pakati pa zaka zitatu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri kuchokera pakuyikika kutengera IUD.

Kodi IUD imawononga ndalama zingati?

IUD imatha kukhala yaulere ikaphimbidwa ndi inshuwaransi kapena mtengo wake mpaka $ 1,300 popanda inshuwaransi yazaumoyo.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti igwire ntchito?

IUD yamkuwa imagwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo mutangoyikamo chifukwa siyidalira mahomoni omwe amagwira ntchito mthupi lanu. Ma IUD opangidwa ndi mahomoni amatha kutenga sabata kuti akhale othandiza kwambiri popewa kutenga pakati.

Kodi zotsatira zoyipa za ma IUD ndi ziti?

Zotsatira zoyipa za ma IUD zalembedwa pansipa.

• Kupweteka mkati komanso mukangolowetsa kumene (nthawi zambiri kumachepa mukakhala kuti muli munyengo yanu mukamalowa ndipo mukatenga ibuprofen 30 mphindi musanachitike)
• Kupanikizika ndi misana m'masiku otsatira kutsatira
• Kuchuluka pakati pa nthawi
• Nthawi zowonjezereka (kapena palibe)
• Nthawi zina, nthawi yolemetsa komanso kusamba kwa msambo (kofala kwambiri ndi ma IUD amkuwa)

Kuyika kulera

Ma implatiki oletsa kubereka ndi njira yodziwika bwino yakulera kosinthika kwakanthawi. Imagwira chimodzimodzi ndi IUD ya mahomoni, koma imayikidwa mdzanja osati chiberekero.

Kodi njira yolerera ndi yotani?

Njira yolerera (Nexplanon) ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayikidwa m'manja mwanu ndi namwino kapena dokotala mukamayendera ofesi mwachidule.

Kodi njira yolerera imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuyika kwakulera kumagwira ntchito popewa kutsekemera ndi kukulitsa ntchofu ya khomo lachiberekero yomwe imapangitsa kuti umuna usambe mpaka dzira.

Kodi njira yolerera ndiyothandiza motani?

Kuyika kwakulera (monga IUD) kuli 99% yothandiza. Mosiyana ndi makondomu kapena mapiritsi oletsa kubereka, palibe pafupifupi malo olakwika ogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira zolerera zizigwira ntchito mofananamo pamaganizidwe ndi machitidwe.

Kodi kulera kumatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Malinga ndi tsamba la Nexplanon, kuyala kwakulera kumagwira ntchito kwa zaka zitatu . Komabe, itha kuchotsedwa ngati mungaganize zokhala ndi pakati pasanathe zaka zitatu kuchokera pomwe adayikapo.

Kodi mtengo wakulera umawononga ndalama zingati?

Kuyika kwakulera kumatha kutenga ndalama zochepa ngati $ 0 mukadzaphimbidwa ndi inshuwaransi. Itha kukhala $ 1,300 osaphimbidwa. Kuchotsa kuyika kwakulera kumatha kutenga $ 0 mpaka $ 300 kutengera kupezeka kwa inshuwaransi.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ntchito yolerera ilereke?

Kuyika kwakulera kumatenga pafupifupi masiku asanu ndi awiri kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Komabe, ngati kuyika kumayikidwa m'masiku asanu oyambira kusamba kwanu, kungakhale kotheka popewera kutenga mimba nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi zotsatira zoyipa zakulera ndi ziti?

Kuyika kwakulera kumakhala ndi zovuta zingapo zofunika kuziganizira.

• Nthawi zopepuka kapena zolemetsa
• Osataya magazi konse nthawi yanu
• Kuchuluka pakati pa nthawi
• Nthawi yosayembekezereka pakati pa nthawi
• Maganizo amasintha
• Kufatsa kunenepa
• Ziphuphu
• Matenda okhumudwa
• Kupweteka mutu
• Kupweteka kwakanthawi pamalo olowetsera

Kulera kwawombera

Kuwombera kwakubadwa kunayambitsidwa koyamba kumapeto kwa ma 1950 ndipo kunkapezeka ngati njira zolerera ku United States mpaka 1992. Monga mankhwala, imagwiritsanso ntchito zina zambiri kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa zizindikilo za kusamba.

Kodi njira zakulera zimawombera chiyani?

Njira yolerera (aka Depo-Provera) ndi jakisoni woperekedwa miyezi itatu iliyonse kuti ateteze mimba. Kuwombera kumatha kuperekedwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala kapena, nthawi zina, amatha kuperekedwa kunyumba. Depo-SubQ imayendetsedwa pansi pa khungu (subcutaneously) m'malo mokhala minofu (intramuscularly).

Kodi njira yolerera imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Monga njira zina zakulera, njira yolerera imagwira ntchito popewa kutulutsa mazira ndikukhwimitsa ntchofu ya khomo lachiberekero kuti umuna sungasambire mazira. Kuwombera kumatha kuperekedwa milungu 10 mpaka 15 iliyonse kutengera ndandanda yanu. Komabe, opanga amalimbikitsa kuti awombere sabata iliyonse 12 chifukwa kuwombera sikugwira ntchito mukamadikirira milungu yopitilira 15 pakati pa kuwombera.

Kodi kulera kumawathandiza motani?

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, njira zakulera zimakhala 99% zothandiza. Komabe, chifukwa kuwombera sikumaperekedwa nthawi zonse, mphamvu yayikulu ndi 94%.

Kodi kulera kumatha nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Kuwombera kwaulera kumatenga miyezi itatu. Komabe, zimatha kutenga miyezi 10 popanda kuwombera kuti mutenge mimba. Zimatenga nthawi kuti mahomoni achoke m'thupi lanu.

Kodi kuwombera kumawononga ndalama zingati?

Kuwombera kwa kubadwa kumatha kulipira kulikonse kuchokera pa $ 0 ikaphatikizidwa ndi inshuwaransi mpaka $ 150 pawombera.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti agwire ntchito?

Pambuyo pa kubereka kwanu koyamba, zingatenge masiku asanu ndi awiri kuwombera kusanachitike. Komabe, ngati mungakonze kuwombera kwanu m'masiku asanu oyamba a nthawi yanu, itha kukhala yothandiza nthawi yomweyo. Kuwombera kwa kubereka kumatenga miyezi ingapo mutaponyedwa. M'malo mwake, zimatha kutenga miyezi 10 mutawombera komaliza musanakhale ndi pakati pomwe mahomoni amatenga nthawi kuti atuluke m'dongosolo lanu.

Chigamba cholera

Patch kulera ndi imodzi mwanjira zatsopano zolerera. Idafika pamsika mu 2002 ndipo ndiyotchuka pakati pa azimayi omwe safuna kumwa mapiritsi a tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo alibe chidwi ndi njira zolerera zosintha kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi chigamba cha kulera ndi chiyani?

Chigamba choletsa kubereka ndi chomata chomwe mumavala mthupi lanu mofanana ndi chigamba cha chikonga. Nthawi zambiri amavala pamanja, kumbuyo, kapena m'mimba. Chigamba chiyenera kusinthidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri ndi Xulane.

Kodi chigamba chimagwira bwanji?

Patch, monga mitundu ina yoletsa kubadwa kwa mahomoni, imalepheretsa kutenga mimba poletsa thupi lanu kuti likhale lotupa komanso kukulitsa ntchofu ya khomo lachiberekero yomwe imapangitsa kuti umuna usakumane ndi dzira.

Kodi chigamba chobadwira chimagwira ntchito motani?

Patch akagwiritsidwa ntchito pa malangizo, ndi 99% yothandiza. Zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimakhala ndi malo olakwika, zimakhala zogwira mtima pafupifupi 91%. Cholakwika kwambiri chomwe chimachitika mukamagwiritsa ntchito chigamba sichikusintha pafupipafupi.

Kodi chigamba chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Chigawochi chimatha masiku asanu ndi awiri ndipo chikuyenera kusinthidwa kamodzi pa sabata, moyenera nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi chigamba cha kulera chimatenga ndalama zingati?

Ngati yaphimbidwa kwathunthu ndi inshuwaransi yanu, chigambacho chimatha kukhala chaulere. Komabe, zimawononga $ 150 pachipatala chilichonse popanda inshuwaransi.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti chigamba chizigwira ntchito?

Mukayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chigamba m'masiku asanu oyambirira a nthawi yanu, chimayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Mukayamba kuigwiritsa ntchito nthawi ina iliyonse, chigamba chake chimatha kutenga masiku asanu ndi awiri kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito. Masiku asanu ndi awiri awa, wopanga amalimbikitsa kuti mugwiritse ntchito njira yina yolerera, monga makondomu.

Zosankha zolepheretsa

Zosankha zolepheretsa ndi imodzi mwanjira zakale kwambiri zolerera. Makondomu achimuna ndi omwe amadziwika kwambiri poletsa kulera, koma azimayi atha kutenga njira zawo zakulera m'manja mwawo ndi makondomu achikazi ndi ma diaphragms. Ngakhale ma diaphragms alinso njira yolepheretsa olera, sateteza ku matenda opatsirana pogonana. Kondomu ya amuna ndi akazi ndi njira zokhazo zolerera pamndandanda womwe umatetezanso ku matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Kodi kondomu ya abambo imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Makondomu amuna amagwira ntchito popereka chotchinga pakati pa umuna wa abambo ndi dzira la mkazi. Amavala panja pa mbolo ndipo ndi ochepa, matumba otambasula omwe amaletsa umuna kuti udutse.

Kodi kondomu ya abambo ndiyothandiza motani?

Pogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, kondomu yamwamuna imakhala yothandiza 98% popewa kutenga pakati. Nthawi zonse, makondomu amakhala pafupifupi 85% ogwira ntchito. Makondomu ndiwothandiza kwambiri akagwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe malangizo akulamulirira ndikukhala ndi kukula koyenera kwa mbolo.

Kodi kondomu ya amayi imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kondomu ya amayi imagwira ntchito yotchinga pakati pa umuna ndi dzira panthawi yogonana. Mosiyana ndi kondomu yamwamuna, yomwe imavala mbolo, kondomu yachikazi imalowa mkatikati mwa nyini.

Kodi makondomu achikazi ndi othandiza motani?

Malinga ndi Kukhala Parenthood , makondomu achikazi (aka mkati) ndi 95% ogwira ntchito akagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, koma ali pafupifupi 79% ogwira ntchito moyenera.

Pezani njira yomwe ingakuthandizeni kwambiri

Pali njira zambiri zakulera pazifukwa: Palibe njira imodzi yomwe ili yabwino kwa aliyense. Amayi ambiri amayesa njira zingapo zakulera asanapeze njira yomwe ingagwire bwino ntchito kwa iwo ndi matupi awo.

Tsopano popeza mukudziwa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yotchuka yoletsa kubereka, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu.