Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi vuto la mtima: Choyipa chachikulu ndi chiyani?

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima | Kukula | Zizindikiro | Matendawa | Mankhwala | Zowopsa | Kupewa | Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala | Zothandizira

Nthawi zambiri anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti matenda a mtima ndi kumangidwa kwa mtima mosinthana. Komabe, ngakhale onse atha kukhala owopsa ndipo ali ndi zizindikiro zambiri zofananira, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi. Tiyeni tikambirane kufanana ndi kusiyana pakati pa mikhalidwe yonseyi.

Zoyambitsa

Kumangidwa kwamtima

Kumangidwa kwamtima kumachitika mwadzidzidzi pakakhala kusokonekera kwamagetsi pamtima. Izi zimabweretsa kugunda kwamtima kosazolowereka, kotchedwa arrhythmia, komwe kumasokoneza kupopera magazi kumaziwalo ena ofunikira mthupi, monga ubongo. Izi zimapangitsa mtima kuima. Munthuyo ataya chidziwitso, ndipo amwalira atapanda kupita kuchipatala msanga.

Kumangidwa kwa mtima ndi matenda amtima amalumikizidwa. Kumangidwa kwa mtima kumatha kuchitika pambuyo poti akuchira matenda a mtima. Matenda a mtima ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri a kumangidwa kwamtima, koma amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, ndi matenda a Q-T aatali.

Matenda amtima

Matenda a mtima amachitika mtsempha ukatsekedwa, womwe umalepheretsa magazi omwe ali ndi okosijeni ambiri kufikira magawo amtima. Kutsekeka uku kuyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu chifukwa ngati sikungakonzedwe mwachangu, gawo la mtima lomwe sililandila magazi litha kuyamba kufa. Chithandizo chofulumira chimalandilidwa, kuwonongeka kochepa kumachitika.

Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima
Kumangidwa kwamtima	Matenda amtima
Vuto lamagetsi Kugunda kwamtima kosasinthasintha kumayambitsa kutaya kwa mtima	Mitsempha yotsekedwa Kusowa kwa magazi chifukwa chotseka

ZOKHUDZA: Kodi kugunda kwamtima ndikotani?

Kukula

Kumangidwa kwamtima

2018 zomwe apeza ndi American Heart Association zikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 7.4 amafa chifukwa chadzidzidzi zakufa kwamtima chaka chilichonse. Ikupitilizanso kunena kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu opulumuka mkati ndi kunja kwa kumangidwa kwa mtima wamchipatala kukupitilizabe kuyenda pakapita nthawi.

Mu 2019 , AHA idapezanso kuti anthu omwe amangidwa pamtima kunja kwa chipatala akuyembekezeka kukhala 356,461 pachaka, omwe ndi anthu pafupifupi 1,000 patsiku.

Matenda amtima

Pulogalamu ya Malo Otetezera Matenda (CDC) imati masekondi 40 aliwonse munthu amadwala matenda a mtima ku United States. Awo ndi anthu opitilira 800,000 pachaka ndipo pafupifupi 75% amakhala koyamba kuukiridwa.

Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi kuchuluka kwa matenda amtima
Kumangidwa kwamtima	Matenda amtima
13.5% yaimfa imachokera pakufa kwamwadzidzidzi kwamtima. Anthu 356,461 pachaka amamangidwa pamtima kapena anthu pafupifupi 1,000 patsiku.	Pamasekondi 40 aliyense amakhala ndi vuto la mtima ku US. Chaka chilichonse anthu aku America aku 805,000 amadwala mtima. Mwa awa, 605,000 ndi matenda oyamba amtima. 200,000 ndichinthu chachiwiri. Pafupifupi 1 mwa matenda asanu amtima amakhala chete.

ZOKHUDZA: Ziwerengero za matenda amtima

Zizindikiro

Kumangidwa kwamtima

Ngati muli omangidwa pamtima, mutha kumva chizungulire, kupuma movutikira, kufowoka, kuchita nseru, akufotokoza Niket mwana wamwamuna , MD, wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi ku New York City komanso gastroenterologist. Kupweteka kwa mtima ndi kupweteka pachifuwa ndizizindikiro zofala zakumangidwa kwamtima. Chozama kwambiri, wina amatha kusiya kupuma kapena kupuma movutikira, osagunda, komanso kutaya mtima ndikumangidwa kwamtima.

Matenda amtima

Zizindikiro za matenda amtima ndizosiyana pang'ono ndipo zimasiyana pakati pa munthu aliyense. Anthu ena amakhala nawo mwadzidzidzi, koma ena amatenga maola kapena milungu ingapo kuti amve zonsezo. Zizindikiro zochenjeza za mtima zingaphatikizepo kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusowa pachifuwa. Kukula kwa zizindikilo kudzadaliranso kuopsa kwa matenda amtima.

Chizindikiro choyambirira chimakhala kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kukakamizidwa chifukwa cha masewera olimbitsa thupi, Dr. Sonpal akuti. Kupsinjika uku ndi kupweteka pachifuwa kumachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwamagazi mpaka pamtima. Muthanso kumva kupweteka, kulimba, kufinya kumverera m'manja mwanu komwe kamafikira m'khosi, nsagwada, kapena kumbuyo. Zizindikiro zina zofala ndi nseru, kutentha pa chifuwa, kupweteka m'mimba, kupuma movutikira, thukuta lozizira, kutopa, mutu wopepuka, kapena chizungulire mwadzidzidzi.

Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi zizindikiritso zamtima
Kumangidwa kwamtima	Matenda amtima
Chizungulire Kupuma pang'ono Kufooka Nseru Kugunda kwa mtima Kupweteka pachifuwa Palibe kugunda kapena kupuma Kutaya chidziwitso / kugwa mwadzidzidzi	Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupanikizika Ululu, kulimba, kufinya kwa chifuwa kapena mikono yomwe imafalikira m'khosi, nsagwada, kapena kumbuyo Kunyansidwa / kusanza Kutentha pa chifuwa / kudzimbidwa Kupweteka m'mimba Kupuma pang'ono Thukuta lozizira Kutopa Mutu wopepuka kapena chizungulire mwadzidzidzi Kumva za chiwonongeko chomwe chikuyandikira

ZOKHUDZA: Zizindikiro 13 zamavuto amtima

Matendawa

Kumangidwa kwamtima

Pali mayesero osiyanasiyana ndi njira zomwe akatswiri azaumoyo angaganizire kuti adziwe zakumangidwa kwa mtima:

• Chiyeso chodziwika kwambiri ndi electrocardiogram (ECG kapena EKG) , yomwe imawonetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndi mawonekedwe amagetsi mumtima mothandizidwa ndi maelekitirodi ophatikizidwa pachifuwa.
• Kuti awonetse mtima, adokotala atha kuyitanitsa a X-ray pachifuwa kapena kujambula kwa maginito (MRI) .
• Zitsanzo zamagazi angatengeredwe kukawona magawo osiyanasiyana m'magazi, ndipo kuyezetsa kumeneku kumatha kudziwa ngati panali matenda amtima aposachedwa kapena vuto la mtima.
• Njira yotchedwa Kuchepetsa catheterization itha kuchitidwa pofufuza momwe mpweya ulili komanso kapangidwe kake ndi momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito.

Matenda amtima

Mayeso ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti amangidwa pamtima amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pozindikira matenda amtima kuphatikiza:

• An ECG kuyesa kuwonongeka kwa mtima.
• Kuyesa magazi kuyang'ana michere ya mtima ndi ma troponins kumatha kudziwa kukula ndi nthawi yakudwala kwamtima.
• Pulogalamu ya Kuchepetsa catheterization zitha kuchitidwa, zomwe zitha kutsukanso mitsempha yotsekedwa.
• An chithuchitra kuyerekezera kujambula kumatha kuchitika panthawi yamatenda komanso pambuyo pake. Izi ziziuza akatswiri azachipatala kuti ndi malo ati omwe ali pamtima omwe amatseka kapena kuwonongeka kutengera momwe akupopera.

Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi matenda amtima
Kumangidwa kwamtima	Matenda amtima
ECG X-ray pachifuwa kapena MRI Kuyesa magazi Matenda a coronary	ECG Kuyesa magazi Matenda a coronary Zojambulajambula

Mankhwala

Kumangidwa kwamtima

CPR ndi defibrillation ndiwo njira zoyambirira zamankhwala azadzidzidzi pomangidwa kwamtima, Dr. Sonpal akuti. Izi zimapwetekanso mtima wanu utatha.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuyimba 911 pachizindikiro choyamba wina akumangidwa pamtima. Chotsatira, ngati mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makina osinthira kunja (AED), pezani AED ndikutsatira malangizowo. Kenako, pangani CPR. Izi zimathandiza kubwezeretsa kugunda kwamtima. Kupanikizika pachifuwa kumathandizira kupitiliza kupopa magazi mthupi mutagwidwa mwadzidzidzi ndi mtima, zomwe zingayambitse kuyambiranso.

Kwa iwo omwe apulumuka kuukiraku, pali chithandizo chothandizira kuchepetsa mwayi wakumangidwa kwa mtima wina womwe ungachitike. Mwachitsanzo:

• Amalandira mankhwala kuti athetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol.
• Ngati mtima wanu uwonongeka, mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Moyo wa changesziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuphatikiza zakudya zabwino komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Matenda amtima

Pali chithandizo chofanana pakati pa kumangidwa kwamtima ndi vuto la mtima. Chithandizo cha matenda a mtima chingaphatikizepo:

• Mankhwala amakhala mzere woyamba wachitetezo pakumenya mtima. Izi zimathandizira kuchepa magazi kapena kuchepetsa kuundana-mankhwala omwe amapezeka monga aspirin, thrombolytics, kapena ma antiplatelet agents.
• Opaleshoni zitha kuchitidwa, kuphatikiza:
  • Coronary angioplasty ndi stenting zachitika kuti atsegule mtsempha wotsekedwa. Zitsulo zamagetsi zitha kuphatikizidwa kuti zithandizire kutseka kwamtsogolo.
  • Mitsempha ya Coronary imadutsa opaleshoni zitha kuchitidwa kuti zithandizire magazi kuyenda mumtima.
• Kukonzanso kwamtima Mapulogalamuwa amapezeka muzipatala zambiri ndipo adapangidwa kuti athandizire kuchepetsa vuto lina la mtima kapena zovuta zamatenda amtima. Amayang'ana kwambiri kupeza mankhwala oyenera, kusintha moyo wanu, ndikupereka chilimbikitso mukamabwerera m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi chithandizo chamatenda amtima
Kumangidwa kwamtima	Matenda amtima
CPR Kutsegula Mankhwala Opaleshoni Kusintha Kwamoyo	Mankhwala Opaleshoni, monga: Coronary angioplasty ndi stenting Mitsempha ya Coronary imadutsa opaleshoni Kukonzanso kwamtima

Zowopsa

Kumangidwa kwamtima

Kukhala ndi mikhalidwe ina yamtima monga matenda amtima kapena mtsempha wamagazi kumatha kubweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu chomangidwa ndi mtima. Zinthu zina monga kuphwanya kwamtima ndi kusokonekera kwa mtima kumathandizanso kumangidwa kwamtima. Zamoyo monga kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kukhala moyo wokhazikika zimakhudzana ndi zochitika zamtima.

Matenda amtima

Zowopsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimamangidwa pamtima ndipo zimatha kuphatikizira zamankhwala kapena zinthu zina pamoyo wawo. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi / kapena cholesterol, matenda ashuga, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kapena mowa kumawonjezera mwayi wamunthu wokhudzidwa ndi mtima.

Kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi ziwopsezo zamatenda amtima
Kumangidwa kwamtima	Matenda amtima
Matenda a mtima Nyimbo yayikulu yamtima Ma valve amtima osasinthasintha Mtima waukulu Matenda amtima obadwa nawo Kusuta Kunenepa kwambiri Kuthamanga kwa magazi Kukhala chete Mbiri ya banja	Kuthamanga kwa magazi Cholesterol wokwera Matenda a shuga Kunenepa kwambiri Zakudya zopanda thanzi Kukhala chete Kumwa mowa ndi fodya Mbiri ya banja

Kupewa

Kumangidwa kwamtima

Kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsirani mankhwala othandizira kupewa kumangidwa kwamtima. Mankhwala atha kuphatikizira omwe amathandizira kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kupewa kuundana. Kuchita opaleshoni yodzitetezera, monga kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, kumachepetsa chiopsezo chanu.

Kwa iwo omwe alibe chiopsezo chachikulu, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kumathandiza kupewa kumangidwa kwamtima kwadzidzidzi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi
• Kusamalira kulemera kwanu
• Kupewetsa kupsinjika
• Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Kuleka kusuta

Matenda amtima

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira kupewa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Zina mwa njirazi ndi monga:

• Mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol. Kuwunika pafupipafupi milingo imeneyi ndikofunikanso.
• Kusamalira kulemera kwanu, chifukwa kunenepa kwambiri kumatha kuwonjezera ngozi.
• Kudya wathanzi, monga kugwiritsa ntchito DASH zakudya , amalimbikitsa thanzi la mtima.
• Sinthani milingo yakupsinjika chifukwa imatha kuyambitsa matenda amtima.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino komanso kumalimbitsa minofu ya mtima, chifukwa chake kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira.
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kumakweza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikupangitsa kunenepa kwambiri, choncho muchepetse kumwa kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku.
• Siyani kusuta chifukwa kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu.
• Muzigona mokwanira.

Momwe mungapewere kumangidwa kwamtima motsutsana ndi vuto la mtima
Kumangidwa kwamtima	Matenda amtima
Mankhwala Opaleshoni yodzitetezera Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi Kusamalira kulemera kwanu Pewani kupanikizika pang'ono Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi Chepetsani mowa Siyani kusuta	Mankhwala Kusamalira kulemera kwanu Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi Kusamalira kulemera kwanu Pewani kupanikizika pang'ono Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi Chepetsani mowa Siyani kusuta Muzigona mokwanira

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala womangidwa kwamtima kapena matenda amtima

Pazizindikiro zoyamba zakumangidwa kwamtima kapena matenda amtima, pitani kuchipatala mwadzidzidzi chifukwa zitha kupha moyo. Nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimatha kukhala zofananira ndi kudzimbidwa kapena mantha, koma ndibwino kukhala otetezeka kuposa chisoni. Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda aliwonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zokuthandizani kupewa izi.

Zothandizira

• Zowona zamatenda amtima , CDC
• Chiwerengero cha Stroke ndi matenda a mtima 2019 , Mgwirizano wa American Heart
• Ziwerengero za mtima ndi stroke 2018 , Mgwirizano wa American Heart
• Kusiyana pakati pa vuto la mtima ndi kumangidwa kwamtima kwadzidzidzi , Mgwirizano wa American Heart