Momwe mungapangire katemera-konzekerani ana anu ku koleji

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Mwawathandiza kusankha zisankho zawo, kulipilira maphunziro awo a semester yoyamba, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti adanyamula imodzi mwamawayilesi ocheperako: Ana anu sakanakhoza kukhala okonzekera tsiku loyamba la koleji-kapena kodi? Kodi ndi liti pamene mudasanthula zolemba zawo za katemera?

Zotsatira zake, chaka chatsopano ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri yowonetsetsa kuti ana anu ali ndi katemera wawo wonse, akutero Kristen Feemster, MD, director director of Vaccine Education Center ku Children's Hospital of Philadelphia komanso director of the Immunization Program and Acute Communicable Diseases ku Philadelphia department of Health.

M'malo mwake, makoleji amafunika zolemba za katemera kuchokera kwa ophunzira omwe akubwera.

Pali zinthu zambiri zofunika kulowa kukoleji zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri pa katemera, akutero. Kwa ophunzira ambiri, akukhala m'malo osonkhana-atha kukhala kuti mukugona kapena kukhala limodzi. Pakhoza kukhala ophunzira omwe akukonzekera kukakhala kunja kwina ngati gawo la pulogalamu yawo kapena atha kukhala kuti akuchita zina, monga sayansi yazaumoyo, zomwe zitha kukulitsa chidwi chawo.

Mutha kuitanitsa zolemba za wophunzira wanu ku ofesi yawo ya udokotala. Photocopy nthawi zambiri imachitika chifukwa cha ofesi yolembetsa ku yunivesite.

Mndandanda wa katemera wa koleji

Kawirikawiri, katemera otsatirawa amalimbikitsidwa ku koleji:

• Chikuku, mumps, ndi rubella (MMR)
• Meningococcal
• Vuto la papillomavirus (HPV)
• Fuluwenza

Ndipo ngakhale makoleji ambiri ndi mayunivesite ali ndi katemera wawo wofunikira (mwachitsanzo, gawo limodzi kapena awiri a chikuku , mumps, ndi rubella (MMR) ndipo muyezo umodzi kapena iwiri ya meningococcal ndizofala kwambiri, malinga ndi Dr. Feemster), simuyenera kudalira mindandanda yayikulu pasukuluyi kuti muwonetsetse kuti ophunzira anu ali otetezedwa kwathunthu. Nazi katemera wofunikira atatu omwe ana anu ayenera kukhala nawo asanapite ku sukulu:

Vuto la papillomavirus (HPV)

HPV ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana ku US M'malo mwake, malinga ndi Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC), anthu aku America okwana 79 miliyoni (makamaka azaka zopitilira 20 ndi 20) ali ndi matendawa. Ndipo ngakhale HPV imadziwonekera yokha, itha kuyambitsanso mavuto ena azaumoyo. Chifukwa chomwe timadera nkhawa za HPV, atero Dr. Feemster, ndichakuti chimatha kubweretsa khansa-amadziwika kuti imayambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero ndi khansa ina ya kumatako kapena kumaliseche. Katemera wa HPV ndiye, ndiye imodzi mwa katemera wokha wokha pewani khansa. (Ngakhale sichiteteza kumatenda onse a HPV.)

Ndandanda yake: Katemera wa HPV (imodzi mwodziwika kwambiri imadziwika ndi dzina lake Gardasil 9 ) ndimlingo wambiri. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kupereka mankhwala oyamba ali ndi zaka 11 kapena 12 (ana asanagonane), kenako mlingo wachiwiri pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zaka 15 kapena kupitirira pomwe alandila mlingo wawo woyamba, adzafunika katemera wambiri asanayambe koleji, panthawi ya ziro, ziwiri, ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, malinga ndi Dr. Feemster.

Meningococcal (meningitis)

Meningococcus ndi bakiteriya omwe amatha kuyambitsa matenda a meningitis (kutupa kwa nembanemba kozungulira ubongo ndi msana) ndi sepsis. Zonsezi zitha kupha moyo. Ichi ndi matenda omwe siofala kwambiri kuyerekeza ndi zinthu zina monga fuluwenza, koma zikachitika, zimatha kugwira mwachangu kwambiri ndikudwalitsani, atero Dr. Feemster. Meningitis imafalikira kudzera m'matope ndi malovu, komanso malinga ndi CDC , ophunzira aku koleji ali pachiwopsezo chochepa chotenga matendawa, poyerekeza ndi anzawo omwe sakupita kukoleji.

Ndandanda: Katemera wina wamankhwala ambiri, katemera woyamba wam'mimba nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa azaka zapakati pa 11 kapena 12, ndi mlingo wachiwiri ali ndi zaka 16. Komabe, ngati wophunzira wanu ali ndi zaka 16 kapena kupitilirapo akawombera koyamba, amangofunikira imodzi, malinga ndi Dr. Feemster.

Fuluwenza

CDC imalimbikitsa kuti aliyense wazaka zopitilira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi alandire katemera wa chimfine, ndipo, atero a Dr. Feemster, ophunzira ayenera kukumbukira makamaka kukulunga manja awo ndikuwombera. Makamaka ku koleji, komwe mumakonda kwambiri ophunzira anzanu ndi anzanu, mutha kukhala ndi mwayi wowululira, akufotokoza. Kupeza chimfine chaka chilichonse ndi gawo lofunikira pachitetezo chazonse. Malinga ndi kufufuza , komabe, ndi 46 peresenti yokha ya ophunzira aku koleji omwe amalandira katemerayu. (Ndiyo F grade ya Flu Shots 101!)

Ndandanda yake: Katemera wa chimfine - yemwe amateteza motsutsana ndi mitundu itatu kapena inayi yofala kwambiri ya kachilomboka panthawi yapadera - amayenera kuperekedwa chaka chilichonse. FluMist ndipo Flublok ndi katemera wa chimfine wotchuka kwambiri. Pulogalamu ya CDC amalimbikitsa kuti chimfine chiwomberedwe kumapeto kwa Okutobala nyengo ya chimfine isanakwane. (Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri kuti ma antibodies amange ndikuteteza ku fuluwenza.) Ngati wophunzira wanu akupita ku koleji mfutiyo isanaperekedwe (nthawi zambiri nthawi ina mu Ogasiti), amatha kupita nayo ku sukulu yophunzitsa zaumoyo wa ophunzira .

Ngakhale kuti HPV, meningitis, ndi chimfine ndizofunikira, Dr. Feemster amalimbikitsa kuti muwone ngati ana anu opita ku koleji alipo pazithandizo zonse zovomerezeka, makamaka MMR ndi varicella (chikuku).

Onetsetsani kuti mwapeza mndandanda wathunthu wa katemera wa CDC wa akuluakulu azaka 19 kapena kupitilira apo:

• Human papillomavirus (HPV): Mlingo wa 2-3 kutengera zaka zoyambira katemera woyamba
• Meningococcal (MenACWY ndi MenB): Mlingo wa 1-3 ngati uli pachiwopsezo
• Fuluwenza (IIV, RIV, kapena LAIV): mlingo umodzi pachaka
• Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap kapena Td): Mlingo umodzi wa Tdap, kenako mulingo umodzi wa Td chowonjezera zaka 10 zilizonse
• Chikuku, ntchintchi, rubella (MMR): Mlingo wa 1-2 ngati uli pachiwopsezo
• Varicella (VAR): Mlingo wa 2 ngati wabadwa mu 1980 kapena pambuyo pake
• Pneumococcal (PCV13 ndi PPSV23): Mlingo wa 1-2 ngati uli pachiwopsezo
• Hepatitis (HepA ndi HepB): Mlingo wa 2-3 kutengera katemera
• Haemophilus influenzae mtundu b (Hib): Mlingo wa 1-3 ngati uli pachiwopsezo