Mukufuna cholimbikitsira chikuku?

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Mwayi wake, mwina mudalandira katemera wa chikuku kapena mudakhala ndi chikuku muli mwana. Koma kuphulika kwa chikuku ku United States -kupitilira milandu chikuku 1,200 m'maiko 31 mu 2019, malinga ndi Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC) -asiya anthu ena ali ndi nkhawa za momwe chitetezo chawo chimakhudzidwira. Mwamwayi, zipolopolo zolimbikitsira zilipo kwa iwo omwe amazifuna, ndipo achikulire ena amafunikira mlingo wina. Ali inu Woyimira katemera wa chikuku-mumps-rubella (katemera wa MMR)?

MMR ndi chiyani?

Katemera wa chikuku amagwira ntchito poyambitsa yankho kuchokera ku chitetezo cha mthupi kuti apange ma antibodies olimbana ndi matenda atatu a ma virus: chikuku, mumps, ndi rubella.

Zizindikiro za kachilombo ka chikuku zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi pang'onopang'ono, kuthamanga kwa malo ofiira ofiira, ndikutulutsa mawanga oyera pakamwa. Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha kachilombo ka mumps ndikutupa m'matumbo kapena m'matumbo. Zizindikiro za rubella zimaphatikizapo kuphulika pang'ono kwa nkhope, zotupa zotupa ndi mafupa, ndi malungo ochepa.

Mavuto a mavairasiwa ndi akulu ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha chibayo, kumva, kukomoka, kubadwa msanga kapena kupunduka nthawi zina kumwalira. Mwamwayi, onse ndi matenda otetezedwa ndi katemera. Ngati simukudziwa ngati mukufuna cholimbikitsira cha MMR, gwiritsani ntchito kalozera wathu pansipa kuti mudziwe.

Ndani akufunikira chilimbikitso cha chikuku?

Ngati mudabadwa chaka cha 1957 chisanafike , mwina simusowa kuthamangira kuofesi ya omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo kuti muwombere, akutero John M. Townes, MD , Woyang'anira zamankhwala popewa komanso kupewa matenda ku Oregon Health and Science University ku Portland, Oregon.

Kubadwa chisanafike chaka cha 1957 kumawerengedwa kuti ndi chitetezo chamthupi, atero Dr. Townes. Chikuku chimafala kwambiri kwakuti (panthawiyo) pafupifupi aliyense amachipeza.

Kwa aliyense wachichepere, umboni wa chitetezo chokwanira (zomwe ndizolemba kuti mwina mudalandira kachilombo kapena kulandira katemera wa MMR) sizingakhale zophweka.

Ngati mwalandira katemera wa chikuku pakati pa 1963 ndi 1967 , panali katemera awiri: katemera wochepetsedwa wamoyo komanso katemera wosagwira ntchito. Katemera wopanda ntchito sanali wogwira mtima, akutero John Lynch, MD , ku Harborview Medical Center's department of Infection Prevention and Control ku Seattle. Tsoka ilo, anthu ambiri sakudziwa omwe adalandira. Ngati mungakhale m'gululi (kapena mukuganiza kuti mwina simukutsimikiza), amalimbikitsa kuti mukalankhule ndi dokotala ngati katemera wina ali wanzeru. Njira ina, akuti, ndikuyeza ma antibodies anu. Uku ndi kuyesa magazi kosavuta (aka titer) komwe kumakuwuzani ngati mulibe matenda a chikuku. Ngati yankho ndi lakuti ayi, muyenera kupezanso katemera, Dr. Lynch akufotokoza.

Pambuyo pa 1967 , katemera wopanda ntchito uja anasiya kukhalapo — kutanthauza kuti ana onse analandira katemera wa moyo wabwino koposa. Komabe, mpaka 1989, ndi gawo limodzi lokha la MMR lomwe limafunikira, atero Dr. Townes. Panthawiyo, CDC idayamba kulimbikitsa katemera awiri a MMR (mlingo woyamba woperekedwa atakwanitsa miyezi 12 ndikutsatiridwa ndi owonjezera pakati pa zaka 4 ndi 6) chifukwa chinawonjezeka kuchokera ku 93% mpaka 97%. Chifukwa chake, pali mwayi kuti anthu ena adalandira katemera chisanafike 1989 alibe chitetezo chokwanira. Koma ichi sichinthu chotsimikizika-ambiri pre-1989ers asanakhale bwino chifukwa mwina kuwombera koyambirira kunachita tsenga kapena chifukwa adalandira mlingo wachiwiri wa katemera wa MMR nthawi ina (asanapite ku koleji, mwachitsanzo).

Simukudziwa chochita? Njira yabwino kwambiri ndikufikira zolemba zanu za katemera, atero a Bryan Goodin, woyang'anira zaumoyo wa ogwira ntchito Cholowa Chamoyo ku Portland, Oregon. Kutengera ndi pomwe mudalandira katemera, adokotala akhoza kukhala nawo. Ndipo mayiko ambiri amakhalanso ndi kaundula wa katemera.

Zina zowopsa

Pomaliza, akatswiri akutsimikizira kuti ngakhale zaka ndi chaka cha katemera zikunena zoona, sizinthu zokhazokha zofunika kuziganizira posankha ngati chiwonjezeko chilimbikitsidwa.

Magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ayenera kukhala nawo (kapena kuwonetsa kuti adakhalapo) mlingo wachiwiri, akufotokoza Dr. Townes. Malinga ndi CDC , ogwira ntchito zaumoyo awa, apaulendo ochokera kumayiko ena, komanso azimayi azaka zobereka omwe akufuna kukhala ndi pakati ali pachiwopsezo chotenga ma virus.

Ngati simungapeze zolemba zanu ndipo simukufuna kutchuka, njira ina ndikungopitiliza kuwombera. Ndikotetezeka bwino komanso kovomerezeka kubwereza katemerayu, a Goodin akuti.

Zotsatira zoyipa za cholimbikitsira cha MMR ndizochepa ndipo zimaphatikizira kuyabwa kwa tsamba la jakisoni, kuuma kwamalumikizidwe, malungo, komanso zotupa zochepa. Ngakhale ndizosowa, zovuta zomwe zimachitika ndizotheka kotero kuti musapeze katemera wa MMR ngati muli ndi vuto la neomycin.

Ndi zina ziti zolimbikitsira zomwe akulu amafunikira?

Pulogalamu ya CDC imalimbikitsa katemera wotsatira wa akulu ndi okalamba:

• Vuto la papilloma virus (HPV)
• Fuluwenza
• Chibayo
• Ziphuphu
• Tetanus, diphtheria, ndi chilimbikitso cha pertussis (zaka 10 zilizonse)

Ngati muli pagulu lowopsa mungafunikirenso katemera wa matenda a chiwindi kapena meninjaitisi. Funsani katemera amene mungasunge pogwiritsa ntchito SingleCare Pano .