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Ziwerengero zolemera kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri 2021

Nkhani

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda omwe amadziwika kuti amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amatha kuyambitsa mavuto azaumoyo. Kuphunzira zambiri za kunenepa kwambiri ndi gawo loyamba lothandizira kuthana ndi vutoli ndikukhala moyo wathanzi. Tiyeni tiwone ziwerengero za kunenepa kwambiri, njira zochizira kunenepa kwambiri, ndi momwe tingathandizire kupewa.

Kodi kunenepa kwambiri ndi chiyani?

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda omwe amapezeka munthu akakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Kukhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi kumatha kuonjezera mwayi wopeza mavuto ena azaumoyo, ndipo kumatha kubweretsanso mavuto azaumoyo.

Othandizira azaumoyo amatha kuzindikira kuti kunenepa kwambiri kutengera kuchuluka kwa thupi (BMI), miyeso yazungulira, ndi zizindikilo zina. Zinthu za BMI kutalika kwa munthu, kunenepa, msinkhu, komanso kugonana. BMI ya 30 kapena kupitilira apo nthawi zambiri imawonetsa kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, muyeso wa m'chiuno wopitilira mainchesi 35 azimayi ndi mainchesi 40 kwa amuna amathanso kuwonetsa kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, Nazi zina mwazizindikiro zanenepa kwambiri:

Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri
Kutopa
Ululu wophatikizana kapena wammbuyo
Kudzidalira / kudzidalira
Nthawi zina
Kuchuluka thukuta

Chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudya, chakudya chopatsa thanzi, mankhwala, ndipo nthawi zina, opaleshoni.

Kodi kunenepa kwambiri ndi kotani?

Pafupifupi, mmodzi mwa akulu atatu alionse ndi onenepa, omwe ndi pafupifupi 36% ya anthu. (Harvard, 2020)
Kukula kwakusintha kwa kunenepa kwa achikulire kuyambira 2017-18 kunali 42.4%. (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, 2020)
Pofika chaka cha 2030, pafupifupi 20% ya anthu padziko lapansi adzakhala onenepa kwambiri. (Chidziwitso cha National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2016)
Pafupifupi 18.5% ya ana azaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 19 amawerengedwa kuti ndi onenepa ku United States. (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, 2019)

Mliri wonenepa kwambiri: Ndi anthu angati onenepa padziko lapansi?

Kunenepa kwambiri sikungokhudza anthu aku U.S. Anthu m'maiko ambiri amakhala onenepa kwambiri, ndipo akukhala mliri wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Anthu pafupifupi 500 miliyoni padziko lapansi ndi onenepa kwambiri.
Ngati osadandaula, anthu pafupifupi 1 biliyoni atakhala onenepa pofika 2030.
Oposa 25% a akuluakulu aku UK ndi onenepa.
Akazi makumi anayi mphambu anayi ku Saudi Arabia ndi onenepa.

(Harvard, 2020)

Kunenepa Kwambiri ku America

1 mwa akulu atatu aku US onse ndi onenepa. (Harvard, 2020)
Amayi akuda omwe si a ku Puerto Rico amakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri ku America pa 59%. (Harvard, 2020)
Kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndikokwera kwambiri ku Puerto Rico, Mexico American, komanso anthu akuda omwe si a ku Spain kuposa momwe amachitira anthu aku Caucasus. (Harvard, 2020)
Kumwera ndi Midwest kuli kunenepa kwambiri. (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, 2019)
Maiko onse aku US ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri osachepera 20%. (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, 2019)

Ziwerengero za kunenepa kwambiri pogonana

Ponseponse, kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndi kwakukulu kwa azimayi. (National Center for Statistics Zaumoyo, 2013-2014)
Azimayi anayi pa 5 aliwonse aku Africa-America ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri. (Ofesi ya Minority Health , 2018)
Amayi atatu mwa amayi anayi a Latina kapena aku Spain ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri. (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda(2018)
Kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri kwa amuna ndikokwera kwambiri kwamagulu opeza pakati. (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, 2020)
Kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri kwa azungu osakhala achi Puerto Rico, omwe si Achipanishi aku Asia, ndi azimayi aku Spain ndiabwino kwambiri m'magulu omwe amalandila ndalama zochepa. (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, 2020)

Ziwerengero za kunenepa kwambiri ndi zaka

Ku US, kunenepa kwambiri kumafala kwambiri pakati pa achikulire kuposa achinyamata. (National Center for Statistics Zaumoyo, 2015-2016)
Kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana kukukwera padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe ana miliyoni 43 onenepa kwambiri onenepa osakwanitsa zaka 5 (Harvard, 2010).
1 mwa ana 6 azaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 19 ndi onenepa (Kafukufuku waku National Health and Nutrition, 2013-2014).
Kunenepa kwambiri kumafala kwambiri pakati pa azaka zapakati pa 6 mpaka 19 kuposa azaka zapakati pa 2- mpaka 5. (National Center for Statistics Zaumoyo, 2015-2016)

Kunenepa kwambiri komanso thanzi labwino

Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kumatha kulepheretsa moyo wa munthu wina kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa monga kukhala ndi matenda a mtima, sitiroko, mtundu wa 2 shuga, khansa, cholesterol, kuthamanga kwa magazi, mavuto am'magulu, komanso kugona tulo.

Pali zoposa 2,8 miliyoni zomwe amakhala mchipatala chaka chilichonse ku US, komwe kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kapena kumathandizira. (Ntchito Zothandizira Zaumoyo ndi Ntchito Yogwiritsira Ntchito(Chidwi, 2012)
Pafupifupi anthu 300,000 amamwalira ndi kunenepa kwambiri ku America chaka chilichonse. (National Center for Biotechnology Information(2004)

ZOKHUDZA: Zinthu 9 zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe khansa

Mtengo wa kunenepa kwambiri

Ndalama zachipatala za kunenepa kwambiri ndi pafupifupi $ 150 biliyoni pachaka ku US (Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, 2020)
Anthu onenepa amawononga ndalama pafupifupi $ 1,500 kuchipatala kudzipangira okha anthu olemera. (Ntchito Zothandizira Zaumoyo ndi Ntchito Yogwiritsira Ntchito(Chidwi, 2012)
Ndalama zokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri zimatha kukwera $ 48 mpaka $ 66 biliyoni pachaka pofika 2030. (Harvard, 2020)

Zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri

Kunenepa kwambiri kumaganiziridwa kuti kumachitika chifukwa chophatikizika kwakuthupi, kwamaganizidwe, chilengedwe, ndi / kapena ziwopsezo zomwe zimabweretsa chibadwa. Matenda ena ndi matenda angayambitsenso kapena kunenepa kwambiri.

Izi ndi zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri:

Zosankha za moyo , kuphatikiza kudya zakudya zopanda thanzi, zokonzedwa, ndi zokazinga; kusagwira ntchito; ndi kusuta kungayambitse kunenepa kwambiri.
Mbiri ya banja la kunenepa kwambiri zingatanthauze kuti munthu amasunga mafuta mosiyanasiyana ndikusintha chakudya pang'onopang'ono. Zinthu ziwirizi zimathandizira kunenepa kwambiri.
Mavuto azachuma komanso azachuma amatipangitsa kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Mwachitsanzo, ana omwe sanaphunzitsidwe kudya moyenera kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi amatha kukhala onenepa kwambiri. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti kukhala ndi ndalama zochepa kumatha kuwonjezera kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa chosowa ndalama zogulira zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
Zochitika zachipatala, monga matenda a polycystic ovary kapena matenda a Cushing, amatha kuthandizira kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Onani mndandanda wamankhwala omwe amadza ndi kunenepa .

Kupewa kunenepa kwambiri

Kuletsa kunenepa kwambiri kumaphatikizapo kusintha kosiyanasiyana, monga:

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
Kudya zakudya zabwino
Kuchepetsa nkhawa
Kuchepetsa nthawi yotchinga
Kupewa zakudya zopangidwa
Kugwiritsa ntchito fiber zambiri
Kukhala ndi chithandizo champhamvu komanso gulu pagulu

Kupewa kunenepa kwambiri ndi nkhani yovuta, atero a Taylor Graber, MD, omwe ndi a ASAP IVs . Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi chokhala ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nyama / nsomba / nkhuku zochepa, kuphatikiza masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti mukhale ndi kalori osalowerera kapena kuperewera kwa kalori, ndibwino.

ZOKHUDZA: Kodi apulo cider viniga angathandize kuchepetsa thupi?

Madokotala ambiri monga Dr. Graber akugwira ntchito ndi odwala kuti athandize kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo pali mabungwe ndi mabungwe ambiri omwe amayesetsa kupewa, kuchiza, komanso kudziwitsa anthu za kunenepa kwambiri. Nawa mabungwe ndi mabungwe omwe amayang'ana kwambiri za kunenepa kwambiri komanso kupewa kunenepa kwambiri:

Tikhoza! inayambitsa maphunziro a zaumoyo kuphunzitsa ana azaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 5 zakusankha bwino.
Bungwe La World Obesity Federation kukhazikitsidwa Tsiku Lolemera Kwambiri Padziko Lonse Lapansi mu 2015 kuzindikira mabungwe padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonjezera kuzindikira kwavuto lakunenepa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
National Institute for Health Health ya Ana anafika Anthu 149,000 mpaka 232,000 ndi kutumizirana mameseji za kulemera kwathanzi ndikuphunzitsidwa zambiri kuposa Atsogoleri aku 350 kugwira ntchito ndi akuluakulu azaumoyo popewa kunenepa kwambiri mdera lawo.
Mgwirizano Wonenepa Kwambiriamalimbikitsa zoposa Anthu 70,000 ndi kunenepa kwambiri kuti tithane ndi kukondera ndi kusankhana.

Mankhwala onenepa kwambiri

Kuchiza kunenepa kwambiri kungaphatikizepo chimodzi kapena zingapo izi:

Zosintha m'moyo
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
Kudya bwino
Mankhwala
Opaleshoni ya Bariatric
Mapulogalamu oyang'anira zolemera
Machitidwe a bulloon

Nawa mankhwala odziwika bwino omwe amadziwika kuti ndi onenepa kwambiri:

Saxenda
Lumikizanani
Alireza
Apo
Zosangalatsa
Zamgululi (komabe, Belviq adachotsedwa kuchokera kumsika waku US mu February 2020)

ZOKHUDZA: Kodi fentamini kwa kuonda ndi otetezeka?

Ena mankhwala atsopano , monga oyimira mitsempha yapakatikati ndi othandizira am'matumbo, atha kuthandiza kuwonda. Mankhwalawa ali m'mayesero azachipatala.

Njira yabwino yophunzirira zambiri zamankhwala ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi omwe amakuthandizani. Adzakhala akupanga dongosolo lamankhwala lomwe lingakuthandizireni kuti mukhale wonenepa.

Pezani khadi yotsitsa ya SingleCare

Mafunso okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso mayankho

Kodi nchifukwa ninji kunenepa kwafala kwambiri?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe kunenepa kwambiri kwachulukira. Anthu akudya zakudya zopangidwa ndi mafuta ambiri, amadya magawo akulu, akuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, ndipo amawononga nthawi yambiri patsogolo pazowonekera. Izi ndi zina mwa zifukwa zakukwera padziko lonse kunenepa kwambiri.

Ndi anthu angati aku America omwe ali onenepa kwambiri?

Pafupifupi 40% ya achikulire aku America azaka 20 kapena kupitilira apo ndi onenepa. 71.6% ya achikulire azaka 20 kapena kupitilira apo ndi onenepa kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kunenepa kwambiri. ( Kafukufuku waku National Health and Nutrition , 2017-2018; Harvard Sukulu Yathanzi Labwino , 2020).

Kodi zigawo zili ndi anthu onenepa kwambiri ndi ziti?

Maiko awa ali ndi vuto lochuluka kwambiri la kunenepa kwambiri, ndi mitengo yoposa 35%:

Alabama
Arkansas
Iowa
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi
Missouri
North Dakota
West Virginia

Kodi mitengo yakunenepa kwambiri kwa achikulire ndi yotani?

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) akuti pafupifupi 40% ya achikulire ku United States ndi onenepa kwambiri.

Kodi kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa matenda ena?

Kunenepa kwambiri kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ena kapena matenda monga:

Khansa
Matenda a shuga
Matenda a mtima
Nyamakazi ya nyamakazi
Mpweya wogona
Kuthamanga kwa magazi
Sitiroko

ZOKHUDZA: Kusintha ma prediabetes ndi zakudya

Kodi matenda ena angayambitse kunenepa kwambiri?

Matenda ena amatha kuyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri:

Matenda a Cushing
Matenda a Polycystic ovary (PCOS)
Matenda osokoneza bongo
Kukaniza kwa insulin

Ndi anthu angati amene amafa ndi kunenepa kwambiri?

Tsoka ilo, kunenepa kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kufa msanga, ndipo ngakhale ndizovuta kudziwa kuti ndi anthu angati amene amafa ndi kunenepa kwambiri, ena maphunziro akuti 300,000 amafa ndi kunenepa kwambiri chaka chilichonse ku U.S.