Kodi magazi amayenda bwanji?
Maphunziro a ZaumoyoTchati cha mulingo wamagazi | Kuthamanga kwa magazi | Kuthamanga kwa magazi | Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mphamvu yamagazi motsutsana ndi makoma amitsempha yamagazi pamene imayenda mthupi lonse. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa munthu kumadzuka ndikuchepa tsiku lonse, koma kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kapena kutsika pang'ono kwa magazi kumatha kuwonetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Tiyeni tiwone mozama kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kuti timvetse zomwe zikutanthauza ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kotsika kapena kotsika.
Kodi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kotani?
Zimakhala zachilendo kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa achikulire kusinthasintha tsiku lonse kutengera zomwe akudya, kupsinjika kwawo, komanso ngati akuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayeza pogwiritsa ntchito manambala awiri: systolic (nambala yochuluka) ndi diastolic (nambala yapansi). Kupsyinjika kwa magazi kwa Systolic kumayesa kuthamanga m'mitsempha yamtima ikagunda, ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa diastolic kumayeserera kuthamanga m'mitsempha pamene mtima umakhala pakati pakumenya. Nayi tchati chamagazi kuchokera American Mtima Association (AHA) kukuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi:
Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa anthu ambiri kudzakhala kwinakwake pansi pa 120/80 mmHg komanso pamwamba pa 90/60 mmHg. Kuwerenga kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumawonetsa manambala kunja kwa mtengowu kumatha kuwonetsa kuti wina ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi) kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi (hypotension). Pokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa systolic komanso diastolic ndikofunikira. Komabe, systolic magazi (nambala yochuluka) imasamalidwa kwambiri chifukwa kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa systolic kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka ya sitiroko ndi matenda amtima.
Anthu akamakalamba, chiopsezo chawo chotenga kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera. Akuluakulu azaka 19 mpaka 40 azikhala ndi magazi omwe amasintha pakati pa 90-135 / 60-80 mmHg. Chitsogozo chaposachedwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi kuchokera ku 2017 chimawatcha achinyamatawa ngati oopsa ngati systolic blood pressure ndi 130-139 kapena diastolic magazi ali pakati pa 80-89, komabe chithandizo chimadalira chiopsezo chawo cha matenda amtima.
ZOKHUDZA: Kodi kugunda kwamtima ndikotani?
Kuthamanga kwa magazi
Pafupifupi theka la achikulire aku America ali ndi matenda oopsa, ndipo m'modzi mwa akulu anayi aliwonse ali ndi vuto, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ). Ziwerengero zochokera ku World Health Organisation ( WHO ) amavumbula kuti anthu pafupifupi 1.13 biliyoni ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuti ndi omwe amachititsa kuti anthu afe msanga.
Kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhudza thupi m'njira zambiri. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumapangitsa mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa zachilendo, kumatha kuwononga mitsempha, kukulitsa mpweya wamanzere wamtima, komanso kuyambitsa kufooka kwa chidziwitso, zikwapu, ndi mtima kulephera. Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi kumatha kuwononga ma retinas m'maso, kuyambitsa kulephera kwa chiwindi, matenda a impso, komanso vuto logonana.
ZOKHUDZA: Ziwerengero za matenda amtima
Zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi
Ngakhale kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kusokoneza thupi, nthawi zambiri sikumayambitsa zizindikilo mpaka kumabweretsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo ngati sitiroko kapena matenda amtima. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zina amatchedwa wakupha wakachetechete. Ikayambitsa zizindikiro ndi zovuta zina, anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi atha kukumana ndi izi kapena zingapo izi:
- Chizungulire
- Kupweteka mutu
- Kutulutsa nkhope
- Kupweteka pachifuwa
- Kusokonezeka
- Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno
- Kuvuta kupuma
- Kugunda kwamtima kosasintha
- Magazi mkodzo
Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwazizindikirozi, sizitanthauza kuti kuthamanga magazi kwanu ndikokwera kwambiri. Anthu ena amakhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirazi pazifukwa zosagwirizana, motero nthawi zonse ndibwino kuti muziyang'ana kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu pafupipafupi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
Anthu ena adzakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda oopsa kwambiri kuposa ena, ndipo anthuwa ayenera kusamala kwambiri pakuwunika kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachitika pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi, ngakhale china chake monga kuda nkhawa chimatha kuyambitsa ma spikes afupipafupi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Nazi zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha kuthamanga kwa magazi:
- Matenda a shuga
- Kunenepa kwambiri
- Osakwanira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
- Zakudya zopanda thanzi
- Kusuta
- Kumwa mowa kwambiri
- Mbiri ya banja yakuthamanga kwa magazi
- Ukalamba
Ngakhale kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawerengedwa kuti ndi okwera ngati ali 130/80 mmHg kapena pamwambapa, ndizothekanso kukhala ndi nambala yocheperako magazi komanso nambala yotsika ya magazi. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chotchedwa systolic oopsa oopsa , makamaka chifukwa cha matenda monga matenda a shuga, hyperthyroidism, ndi mavuto amagetsi a mtima. Chiwerengero chotsika kwambiri pakuwerenga kwa magazi mwina ndi chifukwa chodya kwambiri sodium, kunenepa kwambiri, kumwa mowa kwambiri, komanso kusachita zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira.
Mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi
Kuchiza kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhudza kuphatikiza kusintha kwa moyo ndi mankhwala. Nawa mankhwala ochiza matenda oopsa kwambiri:
| Mankhwala otchuka a kuthamanga kwa magazi | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dzina la mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Gulu la mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Kusungidwa kwa SingleCare |
| Atenolol | Beta blocker | Pezani coupon |
| Chingwe | Angiotensin-otembenuza enzyme (ACE) inhibitor | Pezani coupon |
| Zowonjezera | Kuletsa kwa ACE | Pezani coupon |
| Prinivil | Kuletsa kwa ACE | Pezani coupon |
| Vasotec | Kuletsa kwa ACE | Pezani coupon |
| Lotensin | Kuletsa kwa ACE | Pezani coupon |
| Diovan | Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) | Pezani coupon |
| Norvasc | Njira yoletsa calcium | Pezani coupon |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Odzetsa | Pezani coupon |
ZOKHUDZA: ACE inhibitors motsutsana ndi beta blockers
Chidziwitso: CDC imaphatikizapo odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa mu magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu potenga kachilombo ka COVID-19 kapena kukulitsa zovuta za coronavirus.
Zosintha m'moyo amathanso kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zosintha zina ndi izi:
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
- Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi
- Kuchepetsa kudya mchere kwambiri
- Kukhala ndi thupi labwino
- Kuthetsa kupsinjika
- Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa
- Kusiya kusuta
Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
Ngakhale zenizeni kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi sichidziwika, ndichinthu chofala chomwe chimakhudza anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhudza thupi m'njira zambiri.
Zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi
Nazi zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za hypotension:
- Chizungulire
- Kufooka
- Kupepuka
- Kusokonezeka
- Masomphenya owoneka bwino
- Nseru
- Kutopa
- Khungu lozizira komanso thukuta
- Kupuma mwachangu komanso kosazama
Kuthamanga mwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikilozi, ndipo ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu kutsika mwadzidzidzi, thupi lanu limatha kugwedezeka. Kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi mosalekeza kumatha kukhala koopsa chifukwa thupi silipeza mpweya wokwanira pamtima ndi ubongo, womwe ungawononge nthawi zonse. Ngakhale ndizotheka kupeza zizindikilo za kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndizofala kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi osakhala ndi zisonyezo zilizonse. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuwunika magazi anu pafupipafupi ndikuwunika kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikofunikira.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi
Mulingo uliwonse wamagazi wopita pansi pa 90/60 mmHg amawerengedwa kuti ndi otsika. Zomwe zimafala kwambiri pakuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndimagazi ochepa (taganizirani: kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi kapena kutaya magazi), chifukwa chothana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena kumwa mankhwala ena omwe angachepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, atero a Susan Besser, MD, omwe amapereka chithandizo choyambirira ku Chifundo Medical Center ku Baltimore.
Nazi zifukwa zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda mwadzidzidzi komanso matenda a hypotension:
- Mimba
- Mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala amtima kapena mankhwala okhumudwa
- Mavuto ena azaumoyo monga matenda amtima kapena matenda a chithokomiro
- Zovuta zomwe zimabweretsa magazi kapena matenda amwazi
- Kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa thupi
Anthu ena amakhala ndi vuto lothana ndi magazi kutengera msinkhu wawo, kugonana, komanso mbiri yazachipatala. Nazi zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse matenda a hypotension:
- Ukalamba
- Kukhala ndi pakati
- Kukhala ndi matenda ashuga
- Kukhala ndi mavuto amtima
- Kukhala ndi matenda a chiwindi
- Kukhala ndi kusamvana kwama mahomoni
- Kukhala ndi mavitamini ndi / kapena kuperewera kwa michere
Mankhwala ochepetsa magazi
Ndondomeko yoyenera ya chithandizo cha hypotension idzasiyana kutengera munthuyo ndi zomwe zimawapangitsa kutsika magazi. Munthu woyenera kufunsa momwe mungachulitsire kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi dokotala, koma ambiri, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kumwa mankhwala a magazi kumatha kuthandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi:
| Mankhwala otchuka otsika magazi | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dzina la mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Gulu la mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Kusungidwa kwa SingleCare |
| Fludrocortisone | Corticosteroid | Pezani coupon |
| Midodrine | Alfa-1-agonist | Pezani coupon |
Zosintha zina m'moyo zomwe zimathandizanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, monga:
- Kumwa madzi ambiri
- Kuchulukitsa mchere wanu ngati mukuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala
- Kumwa mowa pang'ono
- Kupewa kuyimirira kwa nthawi yayitali
- Kumwa pang'ono tiyi kapena khofi ngati kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala
- Kudya pafupipafupi, chakudya chochepa cha carb tsiku lonse
ZOKHUDZA: Mankhwala a magazi ndi mankhwala
Kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi-nthawi yokaonana ndi dokotala
Kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumakwera ndi kutsika pang'ono ndikwabwinobwino, koma kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kopanda thanzi. Pamene kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera kwambiri, izi zimayika kupsinjika kwa mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, ubongo, ndi maso.
Pulogalamu ya CDC akuti akatswiri ambiri azaumoyo amaganiza kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera kwambiri akawerenga 130/80 mmHg, koma kuthamanga kwa magazi sikungakhale koopsa mpaka kufika 180/120 mmHg kapena kupitilira apo. Izi zimatchedwa vuto la hypertensive ndipo zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu kupitirira 180/120 mmHg ndipo mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa, zizindikiro za sitiroko, kapena matenda amtima, muyenera kupita ku ER, atero Dr. Besser. Kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe sikungayende kungayambitsenso:
- Mavuto okumbukira
- Mtima kulephera
- Zizindikiro
- Kutaya mwadzidzidzi kwa impso
- Mavuto apakati
- Khungu
Kumbali inayi, kutsika mwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kukhala koopsa, makamaka kwa achikulire, chifukwa amakhala ndi vuto lofooka, chizungulire, komanso kukomoka. Kukhala ndi kuwerenga magazi kotsika pang'ono komwe kumakhala pansi pa 90/60 mmHg kuli bwino, koma ngati mupitilizabe kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndiye kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yokaona ofesi ya dokotala.
