Nchifukwa chiyani matenda omwe amadzimadzimadzimadzi amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi?

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Pamene ndinali amapezeka ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi , Nthawi yomweyo ndinkafuna kudziwa zambiri za matendawa komanso momwe zingakhudzire moyo wanga. Chomwe ndidadabwa kupeza ndikuti pafupifupi 8% ya anthu amakhudzidwa ndimatenda amthupi, azimayi amapanga pafupifupi 80% ya milandu yonse ku US . Kodi nchifukwa ninji akazi amakhudzidwa kwambiri? Kuti mupeze mayankho,ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse koyamba chomwe chimayambitsa matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha.

Kodi zovuta zama autoimmune ndi ziti?

Matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa chodziyimira pawokha amachitika pomwe chitetezo chamthupi, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimalimbana ndi ma virus, bakiteriya, ndi matenda molakwika chimagunda thupi lanu. Pali matenda opitilira 100 omwe amadzichotsera okha. Matenda aliwonse ndi apadera, koma ambiri amakhala ndi izi:

• Kutopa
• Chizungulire
• Zovuta kukhazikika
• Malungo ochepa
• Dzanzi ndi kumva kulasalasa m'manja ndi m'mapazi
• Kutaya tsitsi
• Kusintha kwa khungu kapena totupa

Chifukwa zizindikiro zoyambazi sizimveka bwino, zimatha kukhala zovuta (ndikutenga nthawi) kuti mupeze matenda oyenera.Matenda omwe amadzimadzimitsa okha amapezeka kudzera m'mbiri yonse komanso kuyezetsa thupi, kuyezetsa magazi, kujambula (X-rays, MRI's, and ultrasound test), ndi zina zowunikira.

Kodi matenda ofala kwambiri omwe amadzichiritsira okha ndi ati?

Zina mwa matenda ofala kwambiri monga autoimmune ndi awa:

• Matenda a chithokomiro
• Psoriasis
• Type 1 shuga
• Matenda otupa
• Matenda a nyamakazi
• Lupus
• Multiple sclerosis

Amayi amakonda kukhala ndimatenda okhaokha pazaka zawo zobereka , azaka zapakati pa 12 ndi 51.Matenda omwe amadziteteza okha monga nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, lupus, matenda a Hashimoto [chithokomiro chotsika], Sjogren's syndrome, matenda a Grave [chithokomiro chachikulu], ndi multiple sclerosis zimakhudza azimayi kuposa amuna, akutero Magdalena Cadet, MD , wa ku rheumatologist ku New York komanso wothandizana nawo omwe amapezeka ku NYU Langone Medical Center.

Chifukwa chiyani azimayi ali ndi matenda omwe amadzimangirira okha kuposa amuna?

Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi kuphatikiza mahomoni (makamaka estrogen), genetics (X chromosome), ndi mayankho amthupi.

Umboni umawonetsa kuti estrogen imatha kutenga nawo gawo pakukula kwa matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza azimayi. Amayi ambiri amapezeka ndi lupus m'zaka zobereka pamene milingo ya estrogen ikukwera, Dr. Cadet akuti. Estrogen imatha kukulitsa kutupa (komwe kwawonetsedwa kuti kuyambitsa ndikupititsa patsogolo ambiri matenda ofala ) pomwe testosterone idaganiziridwa kuti imachepetsa zotupa. Kutupa kumathandizira mu matenda ambiri osatha.

Amayi amatha kutenga matenda omwe amadzimadzimadzimadzimodzi okha chifukwa cha zomwe ma genetiki amakhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi kapena X chromosome, akufotokoza Dr. Cadet. Kafukufuku wina wa anthu ndi nyama apeza jini pa X chromosome yomwe ingafotokozere zomwe zimachitika kuti mkazi akhale ndi matenda omwe amadzimangirira yekha, Koma, maphunziro ena akuyenera kuchitidwa pofufuza izi.

Alexander Shikhman, MD, wophatikiza rheumatologist yemwe ali ndi doctorate mu matenda opatsirana amthupi komanso woyambitsa Institute for Specialised Medicine Ku San Diego kumatsindika gawo la majini komanso kuyankha mthupi monga zomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa matenda amthupi okha.Ndizodziwika bwino kuti kufotokozedwa kwa chitetezo chamthupi mwa amayi ndichokwera kwambiri ndikupangitsa azimayi kuti azitha kudwala matendawa, akufotokoza Dr. Shikhman. Ma receptors olandila zolipira, ma cell a antigen, ma cell a dendritic, ma B maselo amakhala apamwamba kwambiri mwa akazi. Mwachidule, azimayi ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chokwanira (poyerekeza ndi amuna) -zimene zimawapangitsa kuti asatenge matenda opatsirana, komanso zimawapangitsa kuti azikhala motetezeka chifukwa cha mayankho a hyper-immune.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda amthupi mwa akazi?

Pali malingaliro angapo pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda amthupi mwa amayi kuphatikiza matenda, mayankho olimba amthupi, nkhawa, majini, ndi zakudya.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza Matendawa amatha kuyambitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi (mayankho olakwika a chitetezo cha mthupi omwe amachititsa kuti thupi lizidzivulaza lokha). Mwachizoloŵezi chathu, timayesa nthawi zonse ngati ali ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayendetsa matendawa, Dr. Shikhman akufotokoza. Mwa zomwe takumana nazo, kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu chodzitchinjiriza kwa amayi kuposa amuna; monga momwe timawonera nthawi zambiri kuwonetseredwa kwazachipatala kwa matenda opitilira muyeso kumakhala kovuta mwa akazi. Kutanthauza, azimayi amakhala ndi vuto lodziyimira lokha pokhapokha atakhala ndi kachilombo kuposa amuna.

Malinga ndi Dr. Cadet,Amayi amathanso kukhala ndi ma antibodies ambiri pama chitetezo cha mthupi atakumana ndi matenda, zoopsa, kapena katemera. Akuti matenda ambiri omwe amadzichotsera okha amathandizidwa ndi ma anti-antibodies ngati RA, Sjogren's syndrome, ndi lupus. Ma antibodies omwe amadzipangira okha ndi magulu a mapuloteni oteteza m'thupi omwe amatha kuwononga thupi. Izi zimachitika pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimasokonezeka ndipo sichitha kusiyanitsa pakati pa mapuloteni omwe siomwewo. Ma anti-antibodies amatha kuyambitsa kutupa komanso kuwononga ziwalo ndi ziwalo zathanzi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amthupi.

Zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda omwe amadzichiritsira okha angaphatikizepo ma genetics, kapena Zakudya zakumadzulo , zomwe zimaphatikizapo mafuta ambiri ndi cholesterol, mapuloteni ambiri, shuga wambiri, komanso mchere wochulukirapo komanso chakudya chomwe chimakonzedwa.

Kodi azimayi amatha kukhala ndimatenda angapo omwe amadzichotsera okha?

Pafupi 25% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amadzimadzi ali ndi chizolowezi chokhala ndi matenda ena owonjezera omwe amadzipangitsa okha. Mwanjira ina,Matenda osokoneza bongo amatha kuchitika m'magulu.

Pali chodabwitsa chodziwika bwino m'thupi lotchedwa 'autoimmune epitope kufalikira,' akufotokoza Dr. Shikhman. Ikulongosola za chitukuko cha njira zingapo zama autoimmune mwa munthu wopatsidwa. Poyankha antigen, maselo a B amapanga ma antibodies; antibody 'wabwino kwambiri' amapambana ndikupanga kuukira. Popita nthawi, antibody woyamba wopambana amayamba kupezanso maselo ena a B omwe amatulutsa ma antibodies owononga omwe amatulutsa ziwopsezo zina.

Kafukufuku yemwe adachitika ku Chipatala cha ana ku Boston ndi sukulu ya zamankhwala ya Harvard imafotokozera izi ngati gawo la sitima yomwe yathawa. Kuyankha kwama autoimmune kumayambitsidwa, pamakhala zotsatira zoyipa zama autoimmune, zomwe zitha kubweretsa kukula kwa zovuta zina zodziyimira panokha.

Chithandizo cha matenda amthupi

Ngakhale kulibe chithandizo cha matenda omwe amadzichiritsira okha, kupita patsogolo kwamankhwala kumapereka chiyembekezo chokwanira komanso magwiridwe antchito. Kusintha kwa moyo kumatha kukhala kothandiza kwambiri pochepetsa kapena kuchepetsa kufalikira kwamphamvu mthupi. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuchepetsa kupsinjika
• Zakudya zabwino
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Zowonjezera
• Kuchepetsa mowa, fodya, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Zizolowezi zabwino zogona
• Ubale wathanzi
• Thandizo lakuthupi

Njira zamankhwala zimasiyana pamatenda ena, koma atha kukhala:

• Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa ( ibuprofen , naproxen ): Amadziwikanso kuti NSAID, mankhwalawa amathandizira kupweteka komanso amachepetsa kutupa.
• Corticosteroids ( mbalambanda , cortisone Malamulowa amalimbana ndi kutupa komanso amachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi.
• Kutenga mahomoni ( insulini , magwire ): Zinthu zodziyimira zokha monga mtundu wa 1 shuga, ndi hypothyroidism zimafunikira m'malo mwa mahomoni ena.
• Odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana ( cyclosporine , methotrexate ): Mankhwalawa amapondereza chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza lupus, nyamakazi, ndi psoriasis.
• Kutsegula m'mimba immunoglobulin : Chithandizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakanikirana kuti athane ndi zovuta zingapo.
• Zamoyo ( Humira , Wolemba , Chotsani , Zamgululi , Ocrevus ) Mankhwalawa amachokera kuzinthu zamoyo ndipo amalepheretsa chitetezo cha mthupi m'maselo.

Chinsinsi cha chifukwa chomwe matenda amthupi amathandizira amayi kwambiri kuposa amuna ali ndi mbali zambiri, koma sayansi ikamapita, momwemonso mwayi wopita patsogolo kuchipatala komanso kuti odwala akhale ndi moyo wabwino. Amayi omwe amakumana ndi zovuta zama autoimmune amatha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndi gulu lazithandizo zingapo komanso njira yathanzi lathunthu.