Masks nkhope 101: Zomwe muyenera kudziwa pakubisa

Ubwino

Kuvala chigoba cha nkhope ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri kuti muteteze kufala kwa ma coronavirus, omwe amadziwikanso kuti COVID-19. Zina zofunika kuchita? Akuluakulu azaumoyo amalimbikitsa kutsuka m'manja, kuyanjana ndi anthu osachepera 6 mapazi, osakhudza nkhope yanu, ndikuyeretsa ndikuwononga malo ozungulira. Pogwiritsira ntchito njira zonsezi, simungathe kudzisamalira nokha komanso banja lanu-komanso mdera lanu.

Koma chifukwa chakuti amakudziwani ayenera kubisa sikutanthauza kuti mukudziwa Bwanji . Apa, tikulankhula ndi akatswiri a matenda opatsirana za zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pophika nkhope, momwe mungavalire bwino, ndi liti komanso momwe mungatsukitsire maski anu moyenera.

Kodi masks nkhope amateteza bwanji kufalikira kwa coronavirus?

Nsalu kapena maski opangira opaleshoni amathandizira kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda opuma monga COVID-19 kudzera m'malo opumira omwe amatulutsidwa mukamayetsemula, kutsokomola, kapena kuyankhula, makamaka m'malo opanda mpweya wokwanira. (Kuvala chigoba kumatha kukutetezani ku chimfine kapena chimfine, zomwe kafukufuku wa 2018 adatsimikiziranso kuti zitha kuuluka Kuphatikiza apo, kuvala chigoba kungatanthauze kuti simudwala ngati mungachite matenda a coronavirus. Muyenera kuvala chigoba kuzungulira aliyense amene simukukhala naye.

Cholinga chachikulu chophimba nsalu kumaso ndikuchepetsa kufalitsa kwa SARS-CoV-2 [COVID-19] kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka omwe atha kukhala opatsirana koma alibe zizindikiritso za kachiromboka kapena omwe angakhale ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira kapena zochepa zomwe amachita osazindikira, akutero Ravina Kullar , Pharm.D., MPH, mnzake komanso mneneri wa Matenda Opatsirana Society of America . Komabe, CDC imanenanso kuti zokutira pankhope zingathenso kutchinjiriza kuti tisadziwitsenso ku coronavirus. Sitikudziwa ngati munthu angathe kupatsiranso kachilomboka panobe.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa kuchokera ku U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) akuti 40% yamatenda a coronavirus ku United States ndi wopanda chidziwitso . Muthanso kukhala wodalitsika, kapena, ngati pakhala nthawi yochulukirapo kuyambira poyesedwa ndikulandila mayeso oyipa, mukadatha kutenga kachilomboka munthawiyo.

Masks abwino kwambiri achitetezo cha coronavirus

Pali masks ambiri omwe mungagwiritsirenso ntchito, kuyambira masks okongola pa intaneti mpaka mafashoni kuchokera kwa omwe mumakonda. Chovala chomaso chabwino kwambiri chimakhala ndi nsalu zingapo (masikiti a thonje ndi abwino) ndipo zimakwanira bwino pamphuno, pakamwa, ndi pachibwano. Masks ena amabwera ndi matumba azosefera zotayika. Muthanso kugula masks osagwiritsa ntchito kamodzi mu intaneti kapena m'malo ogulitsira kapena ogulitsa mankhwala.

Mitundu ya masks akumaso
Zipangizo	Zipangizo	Mphamvu	Zabwino kwambiri
Chophimba pakamwa cha n95	Zingwe zopangira pulasitiki	Zimateteza 95% yama tinthu tating'onoting'ono	Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo
Zishango zamaso	Pulasitiki kapena nsalu	Imachepetsa kuwonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi 96% mkati 18 chifuwa	Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo kuwonjezera pa chigoba cha nkhope; anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma omwe sangathe kuvala chigoba
Maski omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito	Nsalu	Amatseka madontho pa 2.5; ayenera kutsukidwa pakati pa ntchito iliyonse	Anthu onse
Masks ogwiritsa ntchito kamodzi	Pepala kapena zinthu zina zosaluka	Amatseka madontho pa 8; ziyenera kutayidwa nthawi iliyonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito	Anthu onse

Kafukufuku waposachedwa adagwiritsa ntchito makina osuta ndi manikin kutsanzira kutsokomola kwa anthu kuti athe kuwona momwe madonthowo amayendera.

Madonthowa amayenda mtunda wopitilira 8 mapazi opanda chigoba. Wopambana momveka bwino anali chovala chovala nsalu zopangidwa ndi magawo awiri a quilting thonje, omwe amayimitsa madontho pafupifupi 2.5 mainchesi. A chigoba chotayika (Poterepa, CVS Cone Face Mask yopangidwa ndi ulusi wosiyanasiyana) imapangitsa kuti madontho asayende mtunda wopitilira mainchesi 8. Pomaliza, fayilo ya folded mpango ndipo bandana anali abwinoko kuposa chilichonse, koma osati zochuluka.

Chofunika kwambiri, kutsokomola kosavundikira kumatha kupita kutali kwambiri kuposa malangizo omwe akuperekedwa pakadali pano a 6-foot, kafukufukuyu akumaliza.

Kafukufuku wina adayesa chitetezo cha nkhope zishango motsutsana ndi masks akumaso. Ngakhale zishango zakumaso zidalanda timadontho tina tomwe timayenderera kumaso, madontho ena adathabe kuzungulira chishango.

N95 opuma ndi maski ofanana ndi omwe amafunikira azachipatala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri azachipatala okhaokha, omwe akufunikirabe zida zodzitetezera (PPE).

Ma N95 amayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti azigwira ntchito moyenera, ndipo simungathe kuvala kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa sichinthu chomwe timalimbikitsa, anthu amangovala atakhala kunja, atero katswiri wamatenda opatsirana Amesh Adalja , MD, katswiri wamaphunziro ku Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security. Tikufunanso kuwonetsetsa kuti tili ndi ma N95 okwanira ogwira ntchito zachipatala-kotero mutha kuwapeza kuti agulitse, koma sichinthu chomwe timalimbikitsa anthu kuti agule.

Kuchita zodzitetezera kwina ndikosangalatsa, koma anthu wamba safuna chophimba kumaso kuchipatala kuti akagule golosale; chovala kumaso cha thonje ndichabwino.

Ndani ayenera kuvala kumaso?

Malinga ndi CDC , aliyense ayenera kuvala chophimba kumaso pagulu. Pali magulu ochepa omwe sanaphatikizidwe pamalangizo awa:

• Ana ochepera zaka ziwiri
• Aliyense amene ali ndi vuto lopuma
• Aliyense amene wakomoka, wolumala, kapena sangathe kuchotsa chovalacho kumaso popanda thandizo

Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma, Dr. Kullar akuti njira zina zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga chotchingira nkhope.

Malamulo ozungulira masks ndi coronavirus ndi ati?

Malamulo a mask ndi osiyana m'maiko onse komanso ngakhale pakati pa mizinda. # Masks4Zonse zachepetsa manambala, ndipo pafupifupi mayiko onse ali ndi malangizo ena m'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwawo kukuwalamula pagulu pamlingo wina ndi mnzake. Zilango zakusavala chigoba zimasiyana malinga ndi dera, koma atha kuphatikizira chindapusa kapena masamanisi.

Amalonda atha kulipidwa chindapusa ngati satsatira malamulo am'deralo. Angatero kukana ntchito kwa makasitomala omwe savala maski, kapena afunseni kuti ayikepo asanalowe bizinesi yawo, ngakhale pomwe maski saloledwa ndi lamulo.

Momwe mungapangire masks akumaso kunyumba

Pulogalamu ya CDC imapereka malangizo opangira mitundu iwiri ya maski kumaso: osasoka komanso okhazikika.

Osasoka maski kumaso

Mufunika chidutswa cha nsalu ya thonje ya 20 × 20 (kuchokera pa mpango, bandana, thaulo, kapena T-sheti) ndi zingwe za mphira kapena zingwe za tsitsi. (Muthanso kuwonera masitepe apa kanema Pano .)

1. Pindani nsaluyo pakati
2. Pindani pamwamba ndi pansi kuti mukomane pakati.
3. Ikani matayala a mphira pafupifupi mainchesi 6 pa nsalu.
4. Pindani malekezero a nsaluyo pakati ndikulumikiza m'matangadza a raba kuti apange malupu am'makutu.

Nthawi zonse nkhope kumaso

Kuphatikiza pa makina osokera, mufunikiranso makona awiri a nsalu za thonje, zolemera mainchesi 10 × 6 iliyonse; zotchinga ziwiri za mainchesi 6 kapena zina zotere; singano ndi ulusi; ndi lumo.

Malangizo a CDC ndi awa.

1. Ikani zidutswa za thonje pamwamba pa wina ndi mnzake.
2. Pindani pambali yayitali inchi ndi hem. Kenaka pindani nsalu ziwiri pa ½ inchi m'mbali zazifupi ndikulumikiza.
3. Kuthamangitsani kutalika kwa mainchesi 6-inchi 1/8-inchi kutambalala kupyola mbali yayitali mbali iliyonse ya chigoba. Awa adzakhala malupu amakutu. Gwiritsani ntchito singano yayikulu kapena pini ya bobby kuti mukulumikize. Mangani malekezero mwamphamvu. (Mutha kusintha zopangira mahatchi, nsalu, kapena zomangira kumutu kuti zizipanga khutu.)
4. Pewani pang'ono kutanuka kuti mfundozo zizikhala mkati mwa mphako. Sonkhanitsani mbali zonse za chigoba pa zotanuka ndikusintha kuti chigoba chikugwirizane ndi nkhope yanu. Kenako sungani msungwi wolimba m'malo mwake kuti usagwe.

Kodi mutha kuvala chigoba chotani nthawi yayitali?

Kusunga maski anu ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa COVID-19, chifukwa chake gwiritsani ntchito chigoba chanu kamodzi musanachitsuke kapena kutaya ngati chitha. Talingalirani za chigoba chanu, makamaka chakumaso ndi zosefera — kuti ndi zodetsa mukamagwiritsa ntchito chilichonse.

Dr. Kullar amalimbikitsa njira zotsatirazi zochotsera chigoba ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chakuwonekera:

1. Sambani m'manja ndi sopo kapena madzi kapena choyeretsa musanakhudze chigoba.
2. Pewani kugwira kutsogolo kwa chigoba chifukwa chaipitsidwa.
3. Ingogwirani zingwe zamakutu / matayi / band.
4. Gwirani malupu onse akumakutu ndikunyamula modekha ndikuchotsa chigoba.
5. Sambani ndi kuuma manja bwinobwino.

Malangizo okutsuka masks

Ngati muli ndi chigoba chomveka, mutha kuponya maski anu pamodzi ndi zovala zanu zonse ndikuziyendetsa pamalo otentha kwambiri. Ngati mulibe makina ochapira, musadandaule. Mutha kutsuka chigoba chanu ndi manja pogwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha komanso sopo, kenako ndikumauma. (The CDC imadziwitsanso momwe mungasakanizire bulichi ndi madzi palimodzi kuti mulowerere.

Ngati chigoba chanu sichikugwirizana ndi nkhope yanu ndipo pali mipata pakati pa nsalu ndi chibwano, masaya, kapena mphuno, ndi nthawi yoti musinthe. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokopa kwambiri kukhudza nkhope yanu kuti musinthe chigoba chanu.

Ngati titha kuti aliyense avale chigoba pakadali pano ndikuganiza kuti pakatha milungu inayi, isanu ndi umodzi, eyiti titha kuyambitsa mliriwu, akutero Robert Redfield , MD, wamkulu wa CDC. Kuvala chigoba kumatha kuwonjezera masitepe angapo patsiku lanu ndikumva kukhala osavomerezeka, koma ndichinthu chochepa pantchito yolipira.