Kodi mankhwala otha ntchito atha kumwa?

Zambiri Zamankhwala

Izi zimachitika kwa aliyense — mumadwala mutu kapena mumadwala, ndipo mumapita kuchipinda chosungira mankhwala kuti mupeze kena koti kakuthandizeni. Koma mukafika kumeneko ndikutulutsa mankhwala akuchipatala kapena mankhwala owonjezera, muwona tsiku lothera ntchito lapita kale. Ndiye mumatani? Kutenga kapena kutaya? Ndi chiweruzo chomwe, kutengera mankhwala, atha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Kodi tsiku lomaliza la mankhwala limatanthauza chiyani?

Mankhwala aliwonse, kaya ndi akuchipatala kapena a pa-counter, ali ndi tsiku lotha ntchito. Ndipo mofanana ndi masiku omwe chakudya chimatha, mukachidya tsiku lomwelo likatha, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoyipa pang'ono. Kuyankhula mwasayansi, atero a Reed Supe, Pharm.D., Wamankhwala ku Alaska, tsiku lomaliza la mankhwala ndi pomwe chophatikizira chataya 10% yamphamvu zake. Madeti amenewo atha kukhala osamalitsa pang'ono, komabe, chifukwa amapangidwira kuti zitsimikizike kuti mankhwalawa ndiwothandiza komanso otetezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yonse. Pambuyo pa tsikulo, zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwalawa zimatha kusintha mosayembekezereka, ndikupangitsa kuti mankhwalawo asagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Lisa Vogel, Pharm.D., Wamankhwala yemwe amagwira ntchito pachipatala china ku Illinois, akuwona kuti zipatala sizidzapereka mankhwala omwe atha ntchito, ngakhale itatsala ola limodzi kupitirira tsiku ndi nthawi yolembedwa pamankhwalawa.

Tikaphatikiza china, chimakhala ndi deti la 'kupitirira kugwiritsidwa ntchito', ndipo limenelo ndi tsiku komanso nthawi yodziwika ndi mankhwalawo, akutero. Awa ndi malangizo okhwima.

Kunyumba, komabe, zinthu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Carl Rauch, RPh, wamankhwala ku Wisconsin, akuti asatenge chilichonse chomwe chatha - mphamvu ndi chitetezo sizingadziwike pambuyo pa tsikulo, akutero, ndipo makamaka ndi mankhwala opatsirana, zotsatira zake zitha kukulirakulira ngakhale mphamvu zonse zitachepa .

Kodi mungamwe mankhwala nthawi yayitali bwanji tsiku litatha?

Dr. Vogel ndi Supe amavomereza kuti ndibwino kuti musatenge mankhwala aliwonse owonjezera omwe atha ntchito, ngakhale onse awiri akuti mugwiritse ntchito chiweruzo chanu chabwino ngati muli ndi mendulo zambiri. Sabata kapena mwezi, kapena mpaka chaka, tsiku lomaliza litatha mwina silikukuvulazani, mankhwalawo sangakhale othandiza. Chifukwa chakuti tsiku lotha ntchito lapita, sizitanthauza kuti mankhwalawa ndi achabechabe nthawi yomweyo - koma ndizosiyana ndi mankhwala aliwonse.

Kuwonongeka kwa ma molekyulu sikofanana ndipo sikofanana kuchokera molekyulu mpaka molekyulu, akutero Dr. Supe. Chifukwa chake, palibe mawu ofotokozera zakuti china chake 'chatha kwambiri.'

Izi zikunenedwa, gulu lofufuziralo mwina litapeza chidziwitso chotsutsana ndi masiku omwe ntchito zitha. Pa a kuphunzira za mankhwala 14 osatsegulidwa zomwe zonse zinali pakati pa 28 ndi 40 zaka zatha, ofufuza adapeza 86% ya iwo asunga 90% ya mankhwala omwe agwira. Komabe, chifukwa zotsatirazi sizingatsimikizidwe ndi mankhwala omwe adatsegulidwa kale kapena kusungidwa m'malo ochepera, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sichikuthandizira kumwa mankhwala omwe atha ntchito.

Kodi ndizotheka kumwa mankhwala omwe atha ntchito?

Kaya ndibwino kutenga chinthu chomwe chatha nthawi yake zimatengera zomwe zili. Mankhwala aliwonse amasiyana msinkhu. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kupweteka kumachepetsa (monga ibuprofen kapena acetaminophen ), ndipo mankhwala ozizira mwina sangakupwetekeni. Koma pewani kumwa maantibayotiki, ma supplements, ndi madontho omwe atha ntchito.

Zowona, simuyenera kukhala ndi maantibayotiki omwe akuthera pomwepo. Mankhwalawa ayenera kumwedwa mokwanira pokhapokha ngati akuwuzidwa - ngati simutero, Dr. Vogel akutero, mutha kukulirakulira kapena pachiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a antibiotic. Kuphatikiza apo, maantibayotiki amasintha pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto pazokha. Maantibayotiki ena amakhala oopsa nthawi isanakwane ndipo amawononga kwambiri, akutero Rauch. Ena amataya mphamvu zawo ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa kapena zosakhala ndi zotsatirapo zowonjezeka.

Kapena, ngati ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo-monga mankhwala -Zitha kugwirabe ntchito ngati mulibe njira zina, koma kodi ndikofunikira kuwopsa? Mwina ayi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukamwa mankhwala omwe atha ntchito?

Ndi mankhwala ambiri ogulitsira (OTC), kumwa mankhwala omwe atha ntchito kumatha kukuthandizani kapena kulibe mphamvu — mankhwalawo sangathenso kukhala amphamvu. Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kutchulidwa kwambiri, koma mwina simudzadwala kuposa momwe mumakhalira kale, makamaka ngati mwasungira mankhwala anu moyenera, muzotengera zake zoyambirira. Zinthu zambiri zitha kunyoza mankhwala mwachangu kuposa zachilendo: kuwunika pang'ono, kutentha, komanso chinyezi.

Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, kabati yazachipatala si malo oyenera kusunga mapiritsi anu. Malo osambira ndi otentha kwambiri komanso otentha kuti musunge mankhwala moyenera. Mudzafuna kupeza malo ozizira, amdima, owuma, osafikirika ndi ana. Mankhwala ena amafunikira kuzizira komanso kusamalira mwapadera, a Dr. Supe akutero, onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira ndalamazo mosamala. Ngati mukukonzekera kuyika mapiritsi mu bokosi la mapiritsi, pezani omwe ali ndi mthunzi, osadziwika bwino, kuti asawonekere.

Muyeneranso kulingalira komwe mankhwala amachokera. Kugula mankhwala pa intaneti kapena kudziko lina si njira yabwinobwino, a Dr. Supe atero. Palibe bungwe lolamulira lomwe limaonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawo ndi omwe akunena kuti ndiotetezeka. Pakhala pali zochitika zambiri pomwe anthu adagula mankhwala pa intaneti kuchokera kudziko lina chifukwa cha mtengo wake ndipo ili ndi poizoni wamakoswe ndipo sizikupezeka pazinthu zomwe zimati zili nazo. Mwanjira ina, mankhwala ochokera kunja kwa United States atha kukhala osatetezeka ngakhale asanathe.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ndi osatetezeka tsiku lomaliza litatha?

Mankhwala ena amangokhala opanda ntchito akatha. Zina, monga izi, ndizovulaza.

• Makhalidwe ndipo kutuloji : Maantibayotiki awa amakhala owopsa pakapita nthawi, akutero Rauch. Makamaka Tetracycline amadziwika kuti amawononga impso pambuyo poti agwiritsidwe ntchito.
• Zowonjezera : Awa sakulamulidwa komanso mankhwala ovomerezeka a FDA, a Dr. Supe akutero, chifukwa chake khalani otetezeka kuposa chisoni ndikupewa kuwamwa ngati atha ntchito.
• Maso akutsikira: Madontho akutha a diso amataya mphamvu ya pH ndipo amatha kuwotcha maso anu, a Dr. Supe akutero.
• Mankhwala o jakisoni / IV : Izi ndizodetsa nkhawa kwambiri muzipatala, koma Dr. Vogel akuti odwala sadzalandira mankhwala atha kuchipatala.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ndi mankhwala omwe atha ntchito?

M'mbuyomu, malangizo pothana ndi mankhwala omwe atha ntchito sindinakhalepo ndi upangiri wabwino koposa.

Ndikukumbukira pomwe malingaliro ake anali oti azimwaza mankhwala omwe atha ntchito, a Dr. Vogel akutero.Inde, tikudziwa tsopano kuti lingaliro loipa-limatha kulowa m'madzi. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita, Dr. Vogel akuti, ndikuyika mankhwalawo m'njira yomwe anthu sangathe kuyamwa, mwadala kapena mwangozi. Ngati ndi kapisozi, tsegulani ndi kutaya zomwe zilimo mu zinyalala. Ngati ndi piritsi, sakanizani ndi dothi kapena china chake chosafunikira ndikuchiwononga. Ndi maantibayotiki amadzimadzi, muwatsanuliremo zinyalala zamphaka kapena malo a khofi kuti azilowetsedwa, kenako ziponyeni.

Ngati simukufuna kutaya mankhwala omwe adatha mu zinyalala zanu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yobwezeretsanso. Nyumba zambiri zam'mizinda, madipatimenti apolisi, ndi maofesi amoto amamwa mankhwala osafunikira, akutero Rauch. Nthawi zambiri palibe chindapusa kuti muchite izi. Ingochotsani zinsinsi zilizonse musanabwere nazo.

A Supe ananenanso kuti mizinda mdziko muno imakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatenga masiku awiri, zomwe ndizotheka ngati zipatala kapena malo apolisi omwe ali pafupi nanu alibe malo otayira. US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) imachita chaka chilichonse National Prescription Drug Take Back Day , nayenso.

ZOKHUDZA: Momwe mungachotsere mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito

Kuchotsa mankhwala omwe atha ntchito ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri, Vogel akuti. Sindikuganiza kuti kusunga zinthu mozungulira chifukwa mwina mungafunike kukhala lingaliro labwino. Simukufuna kulowa m'malingaliro kuti ndibwino kumwa mankhwala omwe atha ntchito. Madetiwo alipo pazifukwa.

Pamapeto pake, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti masiku omwe mankhwala amatha ntchito-ngakhale atha kusintha kapena sangasinthe-amakhala ndi cholinga ndipo muyenera kuwatsatira.