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Ziwerengero za PTSD 2021

Nkhani

Zochitika zina zimakhudza kwambiri miyoyo yathu, monga masoka achilengedwe, imfa ya wokondedwa, kapena kuwona zachiwawa. Pambuyo pokumana ndi zoopsa kapena zosazolowereka, ndizofala kukumbukira zomwezo mumutu mwanu ndikumva nkhawa kapena kudabwitsidwa kwakanthawi. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la kupsinjika pambuyo pa zoopsa (PTSD), kuda nkhawa kumatha kusokoneza moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku kwa miyezi kapena zaka zitachitika. Ziwerengero za PTSD izi zikuwonetsa ulusi wamba womwe umalumikiza izi pamodzi.

Kodi PTSD ndi chiyani?

PTSD imayamba mwa ena omwe adakumana ndi chochitika chodabwitsa kapena chowopsa ndipo amavutika kuchira pamvuto lomwe lachitikalo. Zochitika zowopseza moyo ndizoopsa za PTSD. Zitsanzo zina ndi zankhondo omwe akumanapo ndi ziwawa komanso zigawenga, anthu omwe adakumana ndi masoka achilengedwe, ozunzidwa, komanso omwe adachita ngozi.

Malinga ndi National Institute of Mental Health, kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi PTSD, othandizira zaumoyo ayenera kutsimikizira kuti wodwalayo adakumana ndi izi kwa mwezi umodzi:

Chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zikuchitikanso (zozizira, maloto oyipa, malingaliro owopsa)
Chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo zopewa (kupewa malo, zochitika, zinthu, malingaliro, kapena malingaliro omwe akukhudzana kapena angakumbutse wina za zoopsa)
Zizindikiro ziwiri kapena zingapo zakukondweretsanso kapena kuyambiranso (kumverera kudabwitsidwa, nkhawa, kusakhazikika, kukwiya)
Kuzindikira kawiri kapena kupitilira apo komanso zizindikiritso zam'maganizo (kukumbukira bwino chochitikacho, kukhala ndi malingaliro olakwika, kudziimba mlandu, kutaya chidwi ndi zinthu zosangalatsa)

PTSD imakhudza chizolowezi cha moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Kusokonezeka kumachepetsa dziko la munthu, akuti Chombo cha Shauna , Ph.D., katswiri wa zamaganizidwe ku Hidden Ivy Consulting wokhala ku California. Zimapanga masomphenya ndipo zimasiya anthu ali opitilira muyeso 'wopulumuka.' Tadzazidwa ndi nkhawa ndipo titha kuzungulirazungulira pakukwiya ndikukhala otalikirana ndi omwe timakonda.

Zizindikiro za PTSD mwa ana zimaphatikizapo kumwetulira (mutaphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi), kuiwala momwe mungalankhulire, kuchita zovutazo, kapena kumamatira mamembala. Achinyamata atha kupereka zizindikilo za PTSD pamakhalidwe owononga, opanda ulemu, kapena osokoneza.

Anthu omwe ali ndi PTSD amakhalanso ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo monga kupsinjika, kusokonezeka kwa nkhawa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso mavuto ogona.

Kodi PTSD ndi yotani?

Canada ili ndi mitengo yayikulu kwambiri ya PTSD m'maiko 24 omwe aphunziridwa. Anthu asanu ndi anayi pa zana aliwonse aku Canada adzavutika ndi PTSD m'moyo wawo. ( Nyuzipepala yaku Britain ya Psychiatry , 2016)
Mwa anthu ku United States omwe akukumana ndi zoopsa, 20% adzadwala PTSD. (Sidran Institute, 2018)
1 mwa anthu 13 ku US adzayamba kudwala PTSD nthawi ina m'moyo wawo. (Sidran Institute, 2018)
Kuchuluka kwa milandu yofatsa, yapakatikati, komanso yoopsa ili pafupifupi yofanana, pomwe 36.6% yamilandu imakhala yayikulu, 33.1% imakhala yopepuka, ndipo 30.2% imakhala yofatsa. (Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ya Harvard , 2007)

U.S. Ziwerengero za PTSD

Pafupifupi anthu 8 miliyoni ku US ali ndi PTSD mchaka chimodzi. (US department of Veteran Affairs, 2019)
PTSD imakhudza azimayi opitilira kawiri (10%) kuposa amuna (4%). (US department of Veteran Affairs, 2019)
70% ya achikulire ku US amakumana ndi chochitika chimodzi chovuta m'moyo wawo. (Sidran Institute, 2018)
Kukula kwakanthawi kwa PTSD ku US kunali 6.8% kuyambira 2001-2003. (Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ya Harvard, 2007)

Ziwerengero za PTSD ndi zaka

PTSD mwa achikulire anali okwera kwambiri pakati pa zaka 45 mpaka 59 (5.3%) kuyambira 2001-2003. (Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ya Harvard, 2007)
PTSD mwa achinyamata anali okwera kwambiri mwa azimayi achichepere azaka za 13 mpaka 18 (8%) kuyambira 2001-2004. ( Zolemba pa American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (2010)
Kukula kwa PTSD kunali kotsika kwambiri mwa achikulire azaka 60 kapena kupitirira (1%) kuyambira 2001-2003. (Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ya Harvard, 2007)

Ziwerengero za PTSD zoopsa

PTSD imayamba chifukwa cha zoopsa. Ziwerengero zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe atha kudwala PTSD atakumana ndi zoopsa izi:

Kugwiriridwa: 49%
Kumenyedwa koopsa: 32%
Ngozi zoopsa: 16.8%
Kuwombera ndi kubaya anthu: 15.4%
Imfa yosayembekezereka ya wokondedwa: 14.3%
Makolo a ana omwe ali ndi matenda owopsa: 10.4%
Mboni zachiwawa: 7.3%
Ovutika ndi masoka achilengedwe: 3.8%

(Sidran Institute , 2018)

PTSD mu ziwerengero zakale

Akuti 354 miliyoni omwe apulumuka pankhondo padziko lonse lapansi ali ndi PTSD komanso / kapena kukhumudwa kwakukulu. ( European Journal of Psychotraumatology , 2019)
Pakafukufuku umodzi wa omenyera nkhondo 1,938, kufalikira kwa PTSD pafupifupi 14% kunalipo mwa omenyera nkhondo omwe adatumikira ku Iraq. (U.S. Dipatimenti ya Veterans Affairs)
Mu malipoti, kuchuluka kwa PTSD kwa 10% kudawonjezeredwa kwa omenyera nkhondo onse aku Gulf War. ( American Journal of Epidemiology (2003)
Pafupifupi 30% azankhondo achi Vietnam adakhala ndi PTSD m'moyo wawo. (American Psychological Association, 1990)

Ziwerengero zamankhwala a PTSD

Psychotherapy, mankhwala, kapena kuphatikiza awiriwo atha chitani PTSD . Pali mitundu ingapo yama psychotherapies omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza PTSD; Komabe, ma psychotherapies okhudzidwa ndi zoopsa omwe ali ndi akatswiri azaumoyo ndi omwe amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Chithandizo chamtunduwu chimathandiza anthu kusinthira zomwe akumana nazo poyang'ana kukumbukira zomwe zidachitikazo kapena tanthauzo lake.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mpaka 46% ya anthu omwe ali ndi PTSD akuwonetsa kusintha mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira yamankhwala amisala. Mankhwala olepheretsa kupanikizika nawonso ndi njira yothandizira kuthana ndi vuto la PTSD, kuphatikiza nkhawa, maphunziro omwe akuwonetsa mpaka 62% ya anthu omwe amalandila mankhwala a PTSD akuwonetsa kusintha.(American Family Physician, 2003)

ZOKHUDZA: Mafunso oti mufunse adotolo musanamwe mankhwala opanikizika