Kodi NSAID ndi chiyani?

Zambiri Zamankhwala

Mndandanda wa NSAID | Kodi NSAID ndi chiyani? | Momwe amagwirira ntchito | Ntchito | Ndani angatenge ma NSAID? | Chitetezo | Zotsatira zoyipa | Mtengo

Ngati mwakhalapo ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zowawa kapena zotupa, mwina mwatenga mankhwala a NSAID kuti muchepetse kupweteka kwakanthawi kochepa (analgesic effect). Ma NSAID ndi mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana ndi akulu, amathandiza matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amatha kupweteka kapena kutupa. Pemphani kuti muphunzire zonse za NSAID-kuphatikiza mayina amtundu wodziwika, kagwiritsidwe, ndi zidziwitso zachitetezo. Tsambali limatchula ma NSAID ofala kwambiri komanso zambiri zamitengo.

Mndandanda wa ma NSAID
Dzina Brand (dzina generic)	Avereji ya mtengo wamtengo wa generic	Mtengo umodzi	Dziwani zambiri
Advil, Motrin (ibuprofen) *	$ 50 pa 30, mapiritsi 800 mg	Pezani makuponi a ibuprofen	Zambiri za Ibuprofen
Aleve, Anaprox, Anaprox DS, Naprosyn, Naprelan (naproxen) *	$ 53 pa 30, 500 mg mapiritsi	Pezani makuponi a naproxen	Zambiri za Naproxen
Alireza (alirezakhademi)	$ 360 kwa 30, 200 mg makapisozi	Pezani coupon ya Celebrex	Zambiri za Celebrex
Chipatala (sulindac)	$ 65 ya mapiritsi 60, 200 mg	Pezani coupon ya Clinoril	Zambiri za Clinoril
Feldene (piroxicam)	$ 183 for 30, 10 mg makapisozi	Pezani coupon ya Feldene	Zambiri za Feldene
Indocin (indomethacin)	$ 32 pa 30, 50 mg makapisozi	Pezani coupon ya Indocin	Zambiri za Indocin
Lodine (etodolac)	$ 70 ya mapiritsi 60, 400 mg	Pezani Lodine coupon	Zambiri za Lodine
Makanema (meloxicam)	$ 210 kwa mapiritsi 30, 15 mg	Pezani coupon ya Mobic	Zambiri zamagulu
Orudis (ketoprofen)	$ 52 pa mapiritsi 30, 75 mg	Pezani coupon ya Orudis	Zambiri za Orudis
Pumulirani (nabumetone)	$ 80 yamapiritsi 60, 500 mg	Pezani coupon ya Relafen	Zambiri za Relafen
Toradol (ketorolac)	$ 127 ya mapiritsi 20, 10 mg	Pezani coupon ya Toradol	Zambiri za Toradol
Voltaren, Voltaren-XR (diclofenac sodium, pakamwa)	$ 25 kwa mapiritsi 30, 50 mg	Pezani coupon ya Voltaren (pakamwa)	Zambiri za Voltaren (pakamwa)
Voltaren gel (diclofenac, mutu) *	$ 82 pa chubu cha 100-gramu	Pezani coupon ya Voltaren (pamutu)	Zambiri za Voltaren (zam'mutu)

* Ipezeka mu mankhwala ndi OTC formulations

Ma NSAID ena ndi awa:

• Kutchulidwa (flurbiprofen)
• Matenda a Arthrotec (diclofenac / misoprostol)
• Cataflam (diclofenac potaziyamu)
• Masana (oxaprozin)
• Disalcid (salsalate)
• Dolobid (diflunisal)
• Flector (mutu wa diclofenac)
• Meclomen (meclofenamate)
• Nalfon (fenoprofen)
• Pennsaid (mutu wa diclofenac)
• Ponstel (mefenamic acid)
• Solaraze (mutu wa diclofenac)
• Tolectin (tolmetin)
• Zipsor (diclofenac potaziyamu)

Kodi NSAID ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa ndi mankhwala odziwika omwe amachiza kupweteka ndi kutupa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana monga nyamakazi, kupweteka kwa msana, komanso kupweteka mutu. Angathandizenso kuchepetsa malungo. Ngakhale pali ma NSAID ambiri, ena amapezeka pa-counter (OTC) monga aspirin ndi ibuprofen.

Dziwani kuti Tylenol, yomwe imakhala ndi acetaminophen, imakonda kutchulidwa ndimankhwalawa, koma Tylenol si NSAID.

Kodi NSAID zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ma NSAID amagwira ntchito poletsa michere yotchedwa COX-1 ndi COX-2. COX imayimira cyclooxygenase. Izi michere imapanga ma prostaglandin, omwe amayambitsa kupweteka komanso kutupa. Mwa kutseka ma enzyme awa, thupi lanu limatulutsa ma prostaglandin ochepa, opangitsa kupweteka pang'ono ndi kutupa. ( Zamgululi ndi NSAID yomwe ndi COX-2 inhibitor. Potseka COX-2 yokha, pakhoza kukhala zovuta zochepa m'mimba.)

NSAID ndizothandiza ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha kuletsa kupweteka, kupewetsa odwala kuti asamwe mankhwala amphamvu monga ma opioid, omwe amakhala ndi zovuta zoyipa kwambiri komanso kuthekera kozunza komanso kudalira.

Mukakhala ndi ululu wofatsa kapena wofewa womwe umafunikira NSAID, njira zina zitha kuthandizanso. Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti akuwongolereni njira zina zothanirana ndi ululu monga ayezi kapena kutentha, chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi kupumula.

Kodi ma NSAID amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

NSAID ndizothandiza pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka pang'ono mpaka pang'ono komanso kutupa, monga:

• Msana
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Kuvulala kwamasewera / kupindika
• Kupweteka mutu
• Malungo
• Kupweteka kwa mano
• Matenda a nyamakazi
• Matenda a nyamakazi a achinyamata
• Nyamakazi
• Matendawa
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Mkate kukoma
• Bursitis
• Kusamba kwa msambo

Monga zisonyezero zachindunji zimasiyanasiyana pazogulitsidwa, funsani akatswiri azaumoyo kuti akuthandizeni upangiri wamankhwala wothana ndi ululu womwe ungakhale wathanzi kwa inu.

Ndani angatenge ma NSAID?

Koma

Amuna ambiri achikulire amatha kutenga ma NSAID pokhapokha atagwera m'magulu aliwonse omwe ali pansipa.

Akazi

Amayi ambiri achikulire amatha kutenga ma NSAID pokhapokha atakhala m'gulu loletsedwa lomwe lili pansipa. Amayi oyembekezera sayenera kumwa ma NSAID m'gawo lachitatu la mimba chifukwa amatha kuvulaza mwana wosabadwa.

Ana

Ma NSAID ena osalemba, monga Advil ndi Motrin, amapezeka kwa ana opitilira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, koma onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana mlingo woyenera ndi dokotala wa ana kapena wamankhwala. Kusintha kumasiyanasiyana mwakapangidwe, msinkhu, ndi kulemera. Mitundu ina imakhazikika kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti mwanayo angapeze mankhwala ambiri pang'ono pang'ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwerenga Chizindikiro cha Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo za mankhwalawa, ndipo fufuzani kawiri ndi omwe akukuthandizani ngati simukudziwa. Komanso, gwiritsani chikho cha dosing kapena syringe yapakamwa kuti muyese mlingo woyenera. Musagwiritse ntchito masipuni oyeza kukhitchini, chifukwa awa akhoza kukhala olakwika pakuyeza mankhwala.

Ngakhale Aleve amapezeka OTC, sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 12.

Mankhwala a NSAID amasiyana malinga ndi mibadwo ndi ziwonetsero, chifukwa chake funsani omwe amakuthandizani ngati muli ndi mafunso.

Okalamba

Ma NSAID ali pa Mndandanda wa Beers mankhwala omwe sangakhale oyenera okalamba. Pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha kutuluka magazi m'mimba kapena zilonda mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 75. Kutenga choletsa cha proton pump ngati Prilosec kumatha kuchepetsa mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa chakumimba, koma sikuthetsa ngozi. Okalamba akuyeneranso kupewa ma NSAID chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha kulephera kwa mtima, kusungidwa kwamadzimadzi, ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso.

Kodi ma NSAID ndi otetezeka?

Zoletsa za NSAID

Musatenge NSAIDS ngati:

• Ndizovuta kwa NSAID zilizonse.
• Khalani ndi mbiri ya mphumu kapena zovuta zina kuchokera ku aspirin kapena ma NSAID ena.
• Ali pafupi kukhala (kapena kungoti) opaleshoni ya CABG.
• Ali pa trimester yachitatu ya mimba. Ngati muli m'nthawi ya trimester yoyamba kapena yachiwiri, kapena ngati mukuyamwitsa, funsani akatswiri azaumoyo kuti akuthandizeni.

Machenjezo a NSAID

Ma NSAID onse ali ndi chenjezo lakuda . Chenjezo la bokosi lakuda ndilo chenjezo loopsa kwambiri monga momwe FDA (United States Food and Drug Administration) ikufunira. Chenjezo ili ndi awa:

• Kuopsa kwa mtima : NSAID zimayambitsa chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha magazi, matenda a mtima, ndi kupwetekedwa, zomwe zingakhale zakupha. Chiwopsezo chimakhalapo koyambirira kwa chithandizo, ndipo chiwopsezo chimakula nthawi yayitali pomwe mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma NSAID sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito isanachitike kapena itatha opaleshoni yamtunduwu (CABG).
• Chiwopsezo cha m'mimba (GI) : Ma NSAID amachulukitsa chiopsezo chotaya magazi, kukwiya m'mimba / zilonda zam'mimba, komanso kutuluka m'mimba ndi m'matumbo. Izi zitha kupha. Izi zovuta za GI zitha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka NSAID komanso osachenjeza. Zowopsa zimaphatikizira achikulire ndi odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri ya GI magazi ndi / kapena zilonda.

Machenjezo ena ndi awa:

• Nthawi zambiri, vuto la chiwindi limatha kuchitika. Zitha kukhala zazikulu kapena zakupha. Adziwitseni dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikilo monga nseru, kutopa, kuyabwa, kupweteka m'mimba, jaundice, kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa panthawi ya chithandizo.
• Chifukwa chakuti NSAID zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa mtima ndi edema, ziyenera kupewedweratu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la mtima.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto a impso ndipo nthawi zambiri kuyenera kupewedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a impso.
• Pezani thandizo lachipatala mwadzidzidzi ngati zizindikiro za anaphylactic zikuchitika, monga kuyabwa, kupuma movutikira, kapena kutupa kwa milomo, nkhope, kapena lilime.
• NSAID zimatha kuyambitsa khungu lalikulu monga Stevens-Johnson Syndrome kapena poizoni epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Izi zitha kupha ndipo zimachitika popanda chenjezo. Lekani kumwa NSAID ndikupeza thandizo ladzidzidzi ngati muli ndi khungu. Musatenge ma NSAID ngati mwakhala mukuyankhapo khungu ku NSAID.
• NSAID zingayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi. Kuopsa kwa kutuluka magazi kuchokera ku NSAID kumawonjezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena monga corticosteroids, anticoagulants (monga warfarin), antiplatelets, kapena SSRI kapena SNRI antidepressants.
• Ngati mutenga NSAID kwa nthawi yayitali, funsani dokotala wanu za mayeso a labu. Chifukwa cha zoopsa zonse zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ma NSAID, ndibwino kuti mutenge gawo lotsika kwambiri, kwakanthawi kochepa kwambiri. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito OTC NSAID, funsani dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito masiku opitilira 10. Kupweteka kosatha kumafunikira mankhwala ena.

Uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa, kuphatikiza mankhwala, OTC, ndi mavitamini, kuti athe kuwonetsetsa kuti NSAID ili bwino ndi mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa. NSAID zimayanjana ndi mankhwala ena monga SSRI kapena SNRI antidepressants, anticoagulants, lithium, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, ndi diuretics.

Ma NSAID sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'gawo lachitatu la mimba, chifukwa amatha kuvulaza mwana wosabadwa.

NSAID akukumbukira

• Kukumbukira jakisoni wa Ketorolac (Marichi 2020)
• Kukumbukira jakisoni wa Ketorolac (Epulo 2019)
• Kukumbukira pakamwa pa Ibuprofen (Januware 2019)
• Makanda 'ibuprofen akukumbukira (Disembala 2018)

Vioxx ndi Bextra onse anali ma COX-2 inhibitors omwe adachotsedwa pamsika chifukwa chazovuta zamtima.

Kodi mungatenge ma NSAID mukakhala ndi pakati kapena mukuyamwitsa?

Musatenge ma NSAID m'gawo lachitatu la mimba. Mankhwalawa amatha kuvulaza mwana wosabadwa. Ngati muli mu trimester yoyamba kapena yachiwiri, kapena ngati mutenga kale NSAID ndikupeza kuti muli ndi pakati, funsani omwe amakuthandizani kuti akuthandizeni.

Ngati mukuyamwitsa, funsani akatswiri azaumoyo kuti akuthandizeni.

Kodi ma NSAID amayang'aniridwa ndi zinthu?

Ayi, ma NSAID sakhala zinthu zowongoleredwa.

Zotsatira zoyipa za NSAIDs

Mankhwala opatsirana a NSAID nthawi zambiri amalekerera bwino koma amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina, zina zomwe zingakhale zoyipa. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zimaphatikizapo zotsatira za GI (m'mimba) monga kupweteka m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba, mpweya, kutentha pa chifuwa, nseru, ndi kusanza. Chizungulire ndichinthu chofala.

Zina, zovuta zoyipa zimatha kuchitika. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Mavuto amtima monga matenda amtima, sitiroko, kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa), kapena mtima kulephera
• Impso kapena mavuto a chiwindi
• Mavuto a GI monga kutuluka magazi ndi zilonda zam'mimba ndi m'matumbo
• Maselo ofiira ofiira
• Khungu lowopsa kapena kusintha kwa thupi
• Matenda a mphumu mwa odwala mphumu

Ngati muli ndi zina mwazizindikirozi, pitani kuchipatala:

• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kupuma movutikira
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi
• Mawu osalankhula
• Kutupa kwa nkhope kapena mmero

Lekani kutenga NSAID yanu ndikuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi izi:

• Nseru
• Kumva kutopa kapena kufooka modabwitsa
• Kuyabwa, kutupa kwa khungu, kapena zotupa ndi malungo
• Chikasu pakhungu kapena maso oyera
• Zizindikiro zonga zamatenda
• Kusanza magazi
• Mdima wakuda, wodikira, kapena wamagazi
• Kutupa kwa mikono / miyendo / manja / mapazi

Ili si mndandanda wathunthu wazovuta. Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti mupeze mndandanda wa zotsatirapo zake.

Kodi ma NSAID amawononga ndalama zingati?

Ma NSAID ndi chisankho chodziwika pakati pa omwe amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala chifukwa sikuti amangothandiza komanso ndiotsika mtengo. Mutha kugula ma OSA NSAID a $ 5 ndi apo, kutengera kukula kwa phukusi ndi kapangidwe kake. NSAID zamagetsi zamankhwala ndizachuma, ndipo mitengo imasiyanasiyana ndi mankhwala, mphamvu, ndi kuchuluka. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mfulu nthawi zonse Khadi la SingleCare kuti musunge ndalama pazolemba zanu za NSAID komanso mafomu a OTC okhala ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka.