Kodi chibayo chimafalikira?

Maphunziro a Zaumoyo

Chibayo ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mapapu. Kupuma kumakhala kovuta kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi chibayo chifukwa matumba a mpweya m'mapapu, omwe amadziwikanso kuti alveoli, amayamba kudzaza ndimadzimadzi. Chibayo chitha kupha moyo. Pafupifupi anthu 50,000 ku US amamwalira ndi matendawa chaka chilichonse, malinga ndi Malo Othandizira Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC). Matenda aliwonse opumira amatha kukhala okhudzana, makamaka ndi chiwopsezo chomwe chikubwera cha coronavirus. Koma kodi chibayo chimafalikira? Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe yemwe ali pachiopsezo chotenga chibayo ndi momwe angapewere kufalikira.

Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi chibayo?

Zizindikiro za chibayo zimatha kupezeka patadutsa maola 24 mutadwala kapena kubwera pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro wamba za chibayo nthawi zina zimafanana ndi kuzizira- kapena chimfine ngati zizindikilo monga kukhosomola, malungo, komanso kupuma movutikira.

Chifuwa imatha kukhala yonyowa kapena yopindulitsa, kutanthauza kuti mumatsokomola chikasu, chobiriwira, kapena bulauni wam'mapapu. Hemoptysis (kutsokomola magazi, ntchofu zamagazi, kapena phlegm) ndi kutsokomola usiku amathanso kuchitika panthawi yopumitsa chibayo.

Kutentha kwakukulu , opitilira 105 madigiri, amatha kukhala momwe thupi limamenyera matenda omwe amabwera ndi chibayo. Ngati mukutentha thupi, mutha kukhala ndi kuzizira, thukuta, ndikugwedezeka.

Kuvuta kupuma mungamve ngati kupuma pang'ono, kapena kumva ngati kuti simungathe kupuma. Zowawa za pachifuwa, kuphatikizapo kumva kwakuthwa kapena kubaya mukakhosomola kapena kuyesa kupuma kwambiri, zimakonda kufala chibayo. Kuphatikiza apo, cyanosis (oxygen yochepa m'magazi) imatha kuchitika, ndikupangitsa milomo yanu, zala zakuthambo, kapena khungu kutembenukira buluu chifukwa chosowa mpweya.

Zizindikiro zina za chibayo zimatha kukhala ndi njala, kutsegula m'mimba, nseru, ndi kusanza.

Kodi chibayo chimafalikira?

Pali zifukwa zoposa 30 za chibayo. Fluenza ndi kupuma syncytial virus (RSV) ndizomwe zimayambitsa chibayo ku United States, malinga ndi CDC . Mitundu ya bakiteriya ndi mavairasi imafalikira. Komabe, chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya wa mankhwala oyipitsa, bowa, kapena chibayo cha aspiration (kupumira chakudya kapena madzi) sichipatsirana.

Mitundu yopatsirana ya chibayo imafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu kudzera mu tinthu tating'ono tomwe timauluka. Kutsokomola ndi kuyetsemulira mlengalenga kumatha kuyipitsa munthu wina. Zofanana ndi kufalikira kwa chimfine, chimfine, ndi COVID-19 , tinthu tomwe timayenda mlengalenga titha kugwera pamtunda ndikupatsira wina. Kuyenda chibayo ndi njira ina yofotokozera chibayo chochepa chomwe chimamveka ngati chifuwa chozizira. Ngati muli ndi kachilomboka, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe mankhwala, mutha kufalitsa mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse chibayo.

Chibayo cha bakiteriya

Mabakiteriya ena amapatsirana kuposa ena. Mycobacterium ndi mycoplasma amadziwika chifukwa chofalikira mosavuta. Zomwe zimayambitsa Streptococcus pneumoniae nthawi zambiri a chibayo cha bakiteriya. Matenda opatsiranawa ndi opatsirana ndipo mwina amakhudza anthu okalamba komanso anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi.

Mabakiteriya amatha kulowa m'mapapo ndikuyambitsa matenda, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mpweya, odwala matenda ena, kapena ogonekedwa mchipatala. Chibayo chopezeka kuchipatala chimachitika anthu omwe akudwala kale amadwala chibayo akamalandira chithandizo kuchipatala.

ZOKHUDZA: FDA ivomereza Xenleta kuchiza chibayo cha bakiteriya

Chibayo cha virus

Chibayo cha chibayo chimafalanso. Fuluwenza kapena chimfine ndimomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chibayo mwa akulu. Komabe, kupuma kwa syncytial virus (RSV), tizilombo twa corona (COVID-19 ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa ma coronaviruses ambiri), ndipo chimfine chimatha kuyambitsa chibayo. Kuphatikiza pa kusonkhanitsa kwamadzimadzi m'mapapu, minofu yam'mapapo imawotchera ndikukwiyitsidwa ndi chibayo chambiri.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chibayo?

Milandu ya chibayo imatha kukhala yofatsa mpaka yayikulu komanso yowopseza moyo, kutengera momwe thupi lanu liliri komanso mtundu wa chibayo chomwe muli nacho. Aliyense - wamkulu kapena wamkulu - amatha kudwala matendawa. Magulu otsatirawa ali pachiwopsezo chotenga chibayo:

• Anthu azaka 65 kapena kupitilira apo
• Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opuma omwe alipo kale, monga COPD kapena mphumu
• Anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto azaumoyo, monga matenda amtima kapena HIV / AIDS
• Omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, monga odwala omwe amalandira chemotherapy, akuchira opaleshoni, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kupuma mpweya
• Anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino
• Anthu omwe amasuta kapena kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso

Katswiri wazachipatala amatha kuzindikira chibayo poyesa thupi kapena X-ray pachifuwa ndipo perekani mankhwala ngati pakufunika.

Mwambiri, ana amatha kutenga chibayo kuposa achikulire. Chibayo ndi chomwe chimayambitsa kufa kwamwana kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ngakhale kufa kwa ana ndi chibayo kumachepa kwambiri ku America chifukwa chazachipatala, chibayo ndi chifukwa chimodzi chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa ana kugonekedwa mchipatala ku United States. Ana azaka 5 zakubadwa ndi ocheperako ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chibayo kuposa ana okalamba.

Kodi chibayo chimafalikira mpaka liti?

Nthawi yayitali yomwe munthu amapatsirana ndi chibayo ndi masiku pafupifupi 10. Komabe, matenda ena a chibayo (makamaka chibayo omwe amagwirizana ndi chifuwa chachikulu) amatha kupatsirana kwa milungu ingapo, kutengera mtundu wa chibayo ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chamankhwala chovomerezeka.

Maantibayotiki amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya a chibayo. Pambuyo poyambitsa maantibayotiki, munthu amapatsirana kwa maola 24 mpaka 48 ena. Malungo okhudzana ndi matendawa atatha, chibayo sichingafalikire. Kukhosometsa kumatha kupitilira milungu ingapo chifukwa cha kutupa kwakanthawi, ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo chokwanira.

Mankhwala apakhomo monga kugwiritsa ntchito uchi kuti athetse kutsokomola komanso nthaka Kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, makamaka panthawi ya chibayo cha virus, kumatha kukhala zida zothandiza, malinga ndi Kate Tulenko , MD, woyambitsa ndi CEO wa Corvus Health.

Kulandila chithandizo chamankhwala kumatha kuchepetsa nthawi yakudwala komanso chiopsezo chofalikira kwa anthu ena. Ngati malungo anu abwerera kapena ngati zizindikiro zomwe zikuchedwa kutha sizingathe, funsani wothandizira zaumoyo kuti akuthandizeni.

Momwe mungapewere chibayo

Chibayo china chimatha kupewedwa. Katemera zilipo kuti muteteze chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi ma virus ndi mabakiteriya ena. Komanso, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi mwa kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga chibayo. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumatha kukulitsa thanzi lamapapo komanso kukana matenda.

Moyo wathanzi umaphatikizaponso kupewa kusuta ndi kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke. Kupuma mokwanira ndi kumwa madzi ndi njira ina yothandizira kupewa matenda monga chibayo.

Kuchita kusamba m'manja kumathandizanso kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa majeremusi omwe angayambitse chibayo, makamaka nthawi yachisanu ndi chimfine. Ngati mukutsokomola kapena mukuyetsemula, yesetsani kuchita izi kuti mukhale minofu kapena chigongono chamanja, kenako ndikusamba m'manja. Onetsetsani kuti mwaphera mankhwala pamalo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi monga matelefoni, ma countertops, ndi zitseko zachitseko kuti muteteze kufalikira kwa majeremusi omwe angayambitse chibayo.

Pomaliza, ngati mdera lanu anthu akudwala, yesetsani kuchita izi kukhala patali patali ndi anthu ena ngati zingatheke. Kuchepetsa kupezeka kwanu kwa mabakiteriya ndi ma virus mukamakhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wogwira ntchito kumatha kutengapo gawo lofunikira pakusungabe thanzi.